SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Barbosa,Marcelo de Oliveira; Silva,Rubens Rodrigues da; Correia,Vanessa Carolina de Sena; Santos,Luana Pereira dos; Garnero,Analía del Valle; Gunski,Ricardo José.

Cytogenetic studies in birds are still scarce compared to other vertebrates. Woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptidae) are part of a highly specialized group within the Suboscines of the New World. They are forest birds exclusive to the Neotropical region and similar to woodpeckers, at a comparable evolutionary stage. This paper describes for the first time the karyotypes of the Olivaceous and the Narrow-billed Woodcreeper using conventional staining with Giemsa and silver nitrate staining of the nucleolar organizer regions (Ag-NORs). Metaphases were obtained by fibular bone marrow culture. The chromosome number of the Olivaceous Woodcreeper was 2n = 82 and of the Narrow-billed Woodcreeper, 2n = 82. Ag-NORs in the largest macrochromosome pair and evidence of a...

Use of AFLP and RAPD molecular genetic markers and cytogenetic analysis to explore relationships among taxa of the Patagonian Bromus setifolius complex

Palavras-chave: Cytogenetics; Woodcreepers; Ag-NOR; Chromosomal inversion.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572013000100010

García,Ana M.; Schrauf,Gustavo E.; González,Graciela; Poggio,Lidia; Naranjo,Carlos A.; Dupal,Marck P.; Spangenberg,Germán C.; Forster,John W..

Bromus setifolius var. pictus (Hook) Skottsb., B. setifolius var. setifolius Presl. and B. setifolius var. brevifolius Ness are three native Patagonian taxa in the section Pnigma Dumort of the genus Bromus L. AFLP and RAPD analysis, in conjunction with genetic distance measurements and statistical techniques, revealed variation within this group and indicated that B. setifolius var. brevifolius was closely related to B. setifolius var. pictus, with both taxa being more distantly related to B. setifolius var. setifolius. Cytogenetic analysis confirmed the chromosomal number of B. setifolius var. pictus (2n = 70) and B. setifolius var. setifolius (2n = 28) and showed for the first time that B. setifolius var. brevifolius had 2n = 70. The combination of...

The distribution of 45S rDNA sites in bird chromosomes suggests multiple evolutionary histories

Palavras-chave: AFLP; Argentina; Bromus setifolius complex; Cytogenetics; Patagonia; RAPD.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572009000200018

Degrandi,Tiago Marafiga; Gunski,Ricardo José; Garnero,Analía del Valle; Oliveira,Edivaldo Herculano Correa de; Kretschmer,Rafael; Souza,Marcelo Santos de; Barcellos,Suziane Alves; Hass,Iris.

Abstract The distribution of 45S rDNA cluster in avian karyotypes varies in different aspects, such as position, number of bearer chromosomes, and bearers being macro- or microchromosomes. The present study investigated the patterns of variation in the 45S rDNA-bearer chromosomes of birds in order to understand the evolutionary dynamics of the cluster configuration and its contribution to the evolution of bird karyotypes. A total of 73 bird species were analyzed, including both published data and species for which rDNA-FISH was conducted for the first time. In most birds, the 45S rDNA clusters were located in a single pair of microchromosomes. Hence, the location of 45S rDNA in macrochromosomes, observed only in Neognathae species, seems to be a derived...

Physical mapping of the 18S and 5S ribosomal genes in nine Characidae species (Teleostei, Characiformes)

Palavras-chave: FISH; Chromosome; Chromosome evolution; Cytogenetics; Aves.

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572020000400601

Peres,Wellington Adriano Moreira; Bertollo,Luiz Antonio Carlos; Moreira Filho,Orlando.

Characidae is one of the largest fish families of the Neotropical region, and presenting a pronounced morphological variability, certainly does not constitute a monophyletic group. The cytogenetical data also show a large chromosomal variation and can provide important information for a better understanding of the relationships between the species of this group. 18S and 5S rDNA probes were used in the present study for the chromosomal mapping in different Characidae species from the São Francisco River (Astyanax lacustris, Astyanax scabripinnis, Hasemania nana, Piabina argentea, Orthospinus franciscensis, Serrapinnus heterodon, Serrapinnus piaba and Myleus micans) and Alto Paraná (Astyanax altiparanae) basins. Species with a single pair of chromosomes...

A remarkable autosomal heteromorphism in Pseudoryzomys simplex 2n = 56; FN = 54-55 (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae)

Palavras-chave: Cytogenetics; Neotropical fish; Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH); RDNA probe.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572008000200009

Moreira,Camila Nascimento; Di-Nizo,Camilla Bruno; Silva,Maria José de Jesus; Yonenaga-Yassuda,Yatiyo; Ventura,Karen.

Pseudoryzomys simplex, the false rice rat, is a monotypic genus of the Oryzomyini tribe (Sigmodontinae) distributed in part of Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina and Brazil. Its diploid number has been described as 56 acrocentric chromosomes decreasing in size and no karyotype figure has been depicted. Herein, we present karyotypic data on P. simplex, including chromosome banding and molecular fluorescent in situ hybridization using telomeric sequences and the whole X-chromosome of its sister clade Holochilus brasiliensis (HBR) as probes. A case of remarkable autosomal heteromorphism due to the presence of a whole heterochromatic arm leading to the variability of FN is reported, as well as the occurrence of regions of homology between the X and Y chromosomes...

Chromosome mapping of ribosomal genes and histone H4 in the genus Radacridium (Romaleidae)

Palavras-chave: Cytogenetics; Fluorescent in situ hybridization; Heterochromatin; Oryzomyini.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572013000200010

Anjos,Allison; Loreto,Vilma; Souza,Maria José de.

In this study, two species of Romaleidae grasshoppers, Radacridium mariajoseae and R.nordestinum, were analyzed after CMA3/DA/DAPI sequential staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to determine the location of the 18S and 5S rDNA and histone H4 genes. Both species presented karyotypes composed of 2n = 23, X0 with exclusively acrocentric chromosomes. CMA3+ blocks were detected after CMA3/DA/DAPI staining in only one medium size autosome bivalent and in the X chromosome in R. mariajoseae. On the other hand, all chromosomes, except the L1 bivalent, of R. nordestinum presented CMA3+ blocks. FISH analysis showed that the 18S genes are restricted to the X chromosome in R. mariajoseae, whereas these genes were located in the L2,S9 and S10...

Cytotaxonomy of Parodon nasus and Parodon tortuosus (Pisces, Characiformes): A case of synonymy confirmed by cytogenetic analyses

Palavras-chave: Cytogenetics; FISH; Fluorochromes; Grasshoppers; RDNA.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572013000300006

Bellafronte,Elisangela; Margarido,Vladimir Pavan; Moreira-Filho,Orlando.

Morphological and cytogenetical studies were carried out on the freshwater fish Parodon nasus and Parodon tortuosus in order to evaluate a putative synonymy. The diploid chromosome number observed in both species was 2n = 54 (48M/SM and 6ST) with no differences between the sexes. Despite slight differences in the pattern of heterochromatin distribution and the number of cusps in symphysean teeth, the location of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) and 5S rRNA genes (both species-specific features) were similar in both species. The remarkable similarity observed between these allopatric species supports recent taxonomical reviews indicating that P. tortuosus is a synonym for P. nasus.

Low cytomolecular diversification in the genus Stylosanthes Sw. (Papilionoideae, Leguminosae)

Palavras-chave: Cytogenetics; Parodontidae; Systematics; 18S rDNA; 5S rDNA.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572005000500010

Franco,Ana Luiza; Figueredo,Amanda; Pereira,Lívia de Moraes; Sousa,Saulo Marçal de; Souza,Gustavo; Carvalho,Marcelo Ayres; Simon,Marcelo F.; Viccini,Lyderson Facio.

Abstract Stylosanthes (Papilionoideae, Leguminosae) is a predominantly Neotropical genus with ~48 species that include worldwide important forage species. This study presents the chromosome number and morphology of eight species of the genus Stylosanthes (S. acuminata, S. gracilis, S. grandifolia, S. guianensis, S. hippocampoides, S. pilosa, S. macrocephala, and S. ruellioides). In addition, staining with CMA and DAPI, in situ hybridization with 5S and 35S rDNA probes, and estimation of DNA content were performed. The interpretation of Stylosanthes chromosome diversification was anchored by a comparison with the sister genus Arachis and a dated molecular phylogeny based on nuclear and plastid loci. Stylosanthes species showed 2n = 20, with low...

Chromosomal characterization of Amazonian freshwater stingrays with evidence for new karyomorphs and XX/XY sex chromosomes

Palavras-chave: Arachis; Cytogenetics; Evolution; Leguminosae; Stylosanthes.

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572020000100306

Valentim,Francisco Carlos de Souza; Porto,Jorge Ivan Rebelo; Feldberg,Eliana.

Abstract Cytogenetic studies in the subfamily Potamotrygoninae have provided valuable insights into the understanding of the evolution and diversification of its species. In the present study, the chromosomal features of seven nominal potamotrygonin species are provided: Plesiotrygon iwamae (2n=74, FN=120), Potamotrygon amazona (2n=66, FN=107), P. constellata (2n=66, FN=110), P. leopoldi (2n=64, FN=102), P. motoro (2n=66, FN=106) from four different localities, and P. orbignyi (2n=66, FN=106), P. scobina (2n=66, FN=104), from Central Amazon. Additionally, we found a new karyomorph in P. wallacei. We considered the localization of Nucleolus Organizer Regions (NORs), as well as the pattern of constitutive heterochromatin, as species-specific characters. We...

Chromosomal characterization of Pseudonannolene strinatii (Spirostreptida, Pseudonannolenidae)

Palavras-chave: Elasmobranchs; Cytogenetics; Chromosomal rearrangements; Sex chromosomes; Karyotypic diversity.

Ano: 2019

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572019000400578

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

Campos,Kleber Agari; Fontanetti,Carmem S..

The chromosomes of the cave millipede Pseudonannolene strinatii Mauriès, 1974 were investigated. The diploid chromosome number was found to be 2n=16, XX/XY; the C-banding technique revealed a large amount of heterochromatin while the silver staining technique (Ag-NOR) evidenced the presence of heteromorphism of the NORs in some cells.

A new species of Urostreptus (Diplopoda, Spirostreptidae): description and chromossome number

Palavras-chave: Diplopoda; Cytogenetics; Caves; Heterochromatin.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212004000100009

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

Pierozzi,Pedro H. B.; Fontanetti,Carmem S..

This work presents the description and chromosome number of Urostreptus atrobrunneus sp. nov. The genus until now had not been registered yet in the São Paulo State, Brazil. The meiotic analysis showed that the species presents 2n=24, XY. The C-banding revealed large blocks of constitutive heterochromatin and two heteromorphic chromosomal pairs, one of them corresponding to the sexual pair.

Caracterização citogenética de acessos de Brachiaria brizantha (Gramineae).

Palavras-chave: Urostreptus; Diplopoda; Cytogenetics; Banding.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212006000200011

Infoteca-e

MENDES-BONATO, A. B.; VALLE, C. B. do; PAGLIARINI, M. S.; PENTEADO, M. I. de O..

No gênero Brachiaria, muitas espécies e acesso são poliplóides e apomíticos, o que dificulta o melhoramento via hibridização. Uma ampla caracterização citogenética, incluindo determinação do número de cromossomos e avaliação detalhada do comportamento meiótico, vem sendo realizada na coleção de germoplasma deste gênero a fim de auxiliar na seleção de genitores e explicar problemas na fecundidade dos acessos e híbridos do programa de melhoramento desenvolvido pela Embrapa Gado de Corte. Neste estudo, 22 acessos de Brachiaria brizantha foram analisados. Destes, um é diplóide (2n = 2x = 18), 18 são tetraplóides (2n = 6x = 54). Anormalidades meióticas variaram de 2,85% a 5,55% nas células em divisão no acesso diplóide e de 1,03% a 69,48% nos acessos...

Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)

Palavras-chave: Apomixia; Brachiaria Brizantha; Citogenética Vegetal; Cromossoma; Poliploidia.; Cytogenetics; Polyploidy..

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/325562

Comportamento citológico atípico durante a microsporogênese em Brachiaria ruziziensis e B. decumbens.

Infoteca-e

RISSO-PASCOTTO, C.; MENDES-BONATO, A. B.; PAGLIARINI, M. S.; VALLE, C. B. do.

Em gramíneas forrageiras do gênero Brachiaria, populações poliplóides naturais são abundantes e geralmente apomíticas, enquanto as diploídes, que se reproduzem sexualmente, são raras. Considerando-se a estreita correlação existente entre poloploidia e apomixia neste gênero, e a necessidade de identificação de genótipos sexuais compatíveis para o sucesso de hibridação, conhecimentos de características citológicas básicas como modo de reprodução, comportamento meiótico e nível de ploidia tornam-se essenciais para direcionar os programas de melhoramento. Durante análises desenvolvidas na Universidade Estadual de Maringá, com acessos de várias espécies de uma coleção de germoplasma, mantida na Embrapa Gado de Corte, três acessos, sendo um B....

Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)

Palavras-chave: Braquiária; Feed grasses.; Brachiaria Decumbens; Brachiaria Ruziziensis; Citogenética Vegetal; Gramínea Forrageira; Meiose; Poliploidia.; Cytogenetics; Polyploidy.; Meiosis.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/324062

O capim-xaraés (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés) na diversificação de pastagens de braquiária.

Infoteca-e

VALLE, C. B. do; EUCLIDES, V. P. B.; PEREIRA, J. M.; VALÉRIO, J. R.; PAGLIARINI, M. S.; MACEDO, M. C. M.; LEITE, G. G.; LOURENÇO, A. J.; FERNANDES, C. D.; DIAS FILHO, M. B.; LEMPP, B.; POTT, A.; SOUZA, M. A. de.

A cultivar Xaraés (Brachiaria brizantha), coletada em Burundi. África, foi liberada pela Embrapa em 2003 após 15 anos de avaliações. É uma planta cespitosa, de 1,5 m de altura, folha lanceolada e longa, com poucos pêlos e de coloração verde-escura. Os colmos são finos e radicantes nos nós, e as inflorescência são grandes, como espiguetas em uma só fileira. A cultivar Xaraés é apomítica e penteploíde, com 45 cromossomos. Irregularidades na divisão meiótica reduzem a validade do pólen para, aproximadamente, 79%. Seus principais atributos possitivos são a alta produtividade, especialmente de folhas, a rápida rebrota e o florescimento tardio, prolongado o período de pastejo até o período seco. Além disso, apresenta bom valor nutritivo e alta capacidade de...

Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)

Palavras-chave: Xaraés; Característica agronômica; Mata Atlântica; Brasil; Agronomic characters; Adaptation; Mixed pastures; Brazilian savannas.; Aclimatação; Brachiaria Brizantha; Citogenética; Cerrado; Diversificação de Cultura; Pastagem Cultivada; Plantio; Valor Nutritivo.; Brazil; Cytogenetics; Nutritive value; Planting; Sown pastures..

Ano: 2004

URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/326133

Obtention de souches conchylicoles performantes par polyploïdisation (5ème partie)

Study of genetic damage in the japanese oyster induced by an environmentally-relevant exposure to diuron: evidence of vertical transmission of dna damage

Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Baud, Jean-pierre; Nourry, Max; Haure, Joel; Heurtebise, Serge; Garnier, Jacqueline; Martin, Anne-genevieve; Claude, Serge; Langlade, Aime; Joly, Jean-pierre; Goulletquer, Philippe; Ruelle, Francois; Coatanea, Denis; Oheix, Jocelyne; Vercelli, Catherine; Chabirand, Jean-michel; Maurer, Daniele; Borel, Michel; Cardinal, Mireille; Cornet, Josiane; Le Pennec, Marcel; Le Mercier, A..

This fifth part of the polyploidisation program reports the experiments that were conducted in 1993 and that were devoted to : - monitoring growth performance of Ostrea edulis diploids and triploids in La Trinité sur Mer and Palavas - monitoring growth performance of Crassostrea gigas diploids and triploids in Port en Bessin, Marennes Oleron (2 locations), Arcachon and Palavas - comparative study of gametogenesis for C. gigas diploids and triploids - comparative study of C. gigas diploids and triploids using sensorial analysis At the end of fifth year, it was clear that triploids are advantageous although such a statement must be moderated according to locations. The gametogenesis stydy showed that triploidy is associated with partial to complete...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Ostrea edulis; Cytogenetics; Polyploidy; Crassostra gigas; Ostrea edulis; Cytogénétique; Polyploïdie.

Ano: 1994

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/rapport-3860.PDF

Chromosome loss in bi-parental progenies of tetraploid Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

Barranger, Audrey; Akcha, Farida; Rouxel, Julien; Brizard, Raphael; Maurouard, Elise; Pallud, Marie; Menard, Dominique; Tapie, N.; Budzinski, Helene; Burgeot, Thierry; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah.

Pesticides represent a major proportion of the chemical pollutants detected in French coastal waters and hence a significant environmental risk with regards to marine organisms. Commercially-raised bivalves are particularly exposed to pollutants, among them pesticides, as shellfish farming zones are subject to considerable pressure from agricultural activities on the mainland. The aims of this study were to determine (1) the genotoxic effects of diuron exposure on oyster genitors and (2) the possible transmission of damaged DNA to offspring and its repercussions on oyster fitness. To investigate these points, oysters were exposed to concentrations of diuron close to those detected in the Marennes-Oleron Basin (two 7-day exposure pulses at 0.4 and 0.6 μg...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Herbicide; Diuron; Oyster; Genotoxicity; Comet assay; Cytogenetics.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00162/27311/25541.pdf

Histology, cytogenetics and cytofluorymetry in diagnosis of neoplasia in Macoma balthica (Bivalvia, L.) from the southern Baltic Sea

Mccombie, Helen; Lapegue, Sylvie; Cornette, Florence; Ledu, Christophe; Boudry, Pierre.

Alterations of chromosome number have been observed in the somatic tissue of Crassostrea gigas diploids and artificial polyploids. Tetraploid oysters with abnormal chromosome numbers in some or all of their tissue are considered undesirable as parents either for triploids (produced via a cross with diploids and of aquacultural interest) or for tetraploid breeding. Aneuploid tetraploid oysters may confer the tendency to lose chromosomes and to revert to lower ploidy levels to their offspring. More directly, their offspring could have a lower ploidy because of potential links between somatic and gametic chromosome loss. The present study evaluated the phenomenon in six bi-parental tetraploid families bred from parents of differing somatic ploidy quality. The...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Mitosis; Chromosome; Cytogenetics; Aneuploid; Polyptoid; Tetraploid; Oyster.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-633.pdf

Cytogenetic study of Ostrea conchaphila (Mollusca : Bivalvia) and comparative karyological analysis within Ostreinae

Katarzyna, S; Renault, Tristan; Wolowicz, M.

This study presents results of histopathologic, cytogenetics and flow cytometry analyses performed on Macoma balthica collected from the Gulf of Gdansk (Baltic Sea) in 2003 in order to compare the techniques for diagnosis of neoplasia. The proportion of affected clams gave a crude prevalence of 15.7 %. The four stages of the disease defined by histology and three stages of neoplasia defined by flow cytometry were reported. Stage I defined by flow cytometry corresponded to stages I and II defined by histology. Chromosome analysis did not lead to a staging of neoplastic progression. Both cytogenetics and flow cytometry indicated a difference in the DNA content of non-neoplastic and neoplastic cells. Cytogenetics examination marked that the range of...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Baltic Sea; Cytofluorymetry; Cytogenetics; Histology; Macoma balthica; Neoplasia.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-2921.pdf

Leitao, Alexandra; Chaves, Raquel; Santos, Sara; Boudry, Pierre; Guedes Pinto, Henrique; Thiriot Quievreux, Catherine.

Chromosome preparations of the Olympia oyster Ostrea conchaphila Carpenter were studied using conventional Giemsa, silver staining, and C-banding techniques. The karyotype consists of six metacentric (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) and four submetacentric (3, 5, 7, 9) chromosome pairs. The silver-stained nucleolus organizer regions (Ag-NORs) were terminally located on the short arms of the submetacentric pair 5 (56% of cases) and on the long arms of submetacentric pair 7 (6% of cases). Constitutive heterochromatin was observed as telomeric C-bands on the short arm of the NOR-bearing chromosome pair 5 and as centromeric blocks of several chromosome pairs. Comparative analysis of patterns of karyotype, Ag-NORs, and C-bands of this species and of five other flat...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Ostreinae; Cytotaxonomy; Cytogenetics; Ostrea conchaphila.

Ano: 2002

URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/publication-2792.pdf

Neoplasia detection in Macoma balthica from the Gulf of Gdansk: comparison of flow cytometry, histology and chromosome analysis