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| Registros recuperados: 59 | |
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| Kim, Hanho; Gopinath, Munisamy. |
| This paper investigates the effect of trade cost changes on the spatial productivity distribution in Korea. Data on gross value added and primary factors for 163 spatial units during 2000-2005 are assembled to estimate local TFP using a value-added function. In our application, we control for agglomeration economies so as to identify factors shifting the regional raw-productivity distribution over time. The TFP estimation results show that the Korean regional economy exhibits constant returns to scale, along with significant localization economies. We find that and trade costs reduction and infrastructure improvement significantly shift to the right all percentile values of the regional productivity distribution, while amenity does not affect the movement... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agglomeration economies; Spatial productivity distribution; Trade cost; Community/Rural/Urban Development; F1; R3. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94896 |
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| Hayes, Dermot J.. |
| China feeds twenty-two percent of the world's population on seven percent of its arable land. In contrast, the U.S. and Canada own seventeen percent of the world's arable land, but feed only five percent of its people. As China's income increases, its people will demand more livestock products, including poultry, dairy, beef, and eggs, and more alcohol. Potential Chinese import demand for pork is examined in this paper. The question facing Chinese policymakers is whether to follow their current policy of food self-sufficiency or allow imports of pork muscle and variety meats. Projections of Chinese production and consumption indicate that, by the year 2007, China could import up to 9.1 million metric tons (product weight equivalent) of pork. The current... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: China trade; Livestock; Feedgrains; Meat; International Relations/Trade; F1. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29173 |
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| Johnson, D. Gale. |
| The increase in world grain production in the past half-century was unparalleled in the history of the world. In that same period, the absolute increase in the world's population exceeded that of all previous history--it more than doubled. The supply of grain more than kept up with the rapid growth of demand--the per capita supply of calories in developing countries increased by 27 percent between the early 1960s and the early 1990s while the real price of grain in international markets declined by at least a third. The expansion of grain production since 1960 has been largely achieved through higher yields--the substitution of other inputs for land. Consequently the roles of land and the diminishing returns to land have been significantly attenuated by... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: World grain; Comparative advantage; Diminishing returns; Price variability; International Relations/Trade; F1. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29177 |
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| Young, Linda M.. |
| In Canada many changes have been made, and more are pending, to their grain transportation policies. This package of policy changes has two offsetting impacts on freight rates for Canadian grain producers. The removal of transportation subsidies on grain for export offshore has roughly doubled the cost of transporting grain for the Canadian producer. In addition, the change in pooling points will increase freight rates even more for producers in the eastern part of the prairies. Whether federally owned grain hopper cars are sold to the railways, or to an association of Canadian producers, the cost of the sale is likely to be born by producers through increased freight rates over a number of years. In addition, Canadian producers will bear the cost of... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Trade; Canada wheat; Montana wheat; Grain policies; Agricultural and Food Policy; F1. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29172 |
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| Smith, Vincent H.. |
| Over the past seven years, the U.S. government has been involved in trade negotiations that have led to one bilateral and two multilateral agreements whose provisions have substantive implications for U.S. agricultural trade. The first of these sets of trade negotiations led to the bilateral Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement (CFTA). The second resulted in the current multilateral General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) which was implemented on January 1, 1995. The third set of negotiations, initiated under the Bush Administration, led to the multilateral North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which was approved by Congress in November 1993 and implemented on January 1, 1994. The three agreements signed by the U.S. since the late 1980's... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: NAFTA; GATT; Agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q1; F1. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29175 |
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| Sharma, Kishor. |
| Export growth in India has been much faster than GDP growth over the past few decades. Several factors appear to have contributed to this phenomenon including foreign direct investment (FDI). However, despite increasing inflows of FDI especially in recent years there has not been any attempt to assess its contribution to India's export performanceone of the channels through which FDI influences growth. Using annual data for 1970-98 we investigate the determinants of export performance in India in a simultaneous equation framework. Results suggest that demand for Indian exports increases when its export prices fall in relation to world prices. Furthermore, the real appreciation of the rupee adversely effects India's exports. Export supply is positively... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Exports; Commercial policy; Export subsidies; Foreign direct investment; Exchange rates and India; F21; International Relations/Trade; F1; F13; F14. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28372 |
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| Wilson, William W.; Dahl, Bruce L.. |
| Past debate on competition and quality in international wheat markets has focused on class and country of origin as the salient source of differentiation. This study analyzes changes in demand for both wheat classes and grades. Comparisons are made between Canadian and U.S. hard wheats, principal competitors in the hard wheat market. Both countries are dominant producers of Hard Red Spring Wheat (HRS in the United States and Canadian Western Red Spring [CWRS] in Canada); the United States is the dominant producer of Hard Red Winter (HRW); and both countries are large producers of durum (Hard Amber Durum [HAD] in the United States and Canadian Western Amber Durum [CWAD] in Canada). Due to the indigenous similarities among these wheats, the competitive... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Grain quality; Wheat exports; Wheat markets; International Relations/Trade; F1; Q1. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29249 |
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| Raimondi, Valentina; Olper, Alessandro. |
| This study analyzes the sensitivity of trade flows to trade barriers from gravity equations, using different econometric techniques recently highlighted in the literature. Specifically, we compare a benchmark OLS fixed effects specification a la Feenstra (2002) with three emerging estimation methods: the standard Heckman correction for selection bias, to account for zero trade flows; the Eaton and Tamura (1994) Tobit estimator, to solve limited-dependent variable issues; and, finally, the Poisson pseudo-maximum-likelihood (PPML) technique, to correct for the presence of heteroskedasticity. Our gravity model includes trade among 193 exporter and 99 importer countries, in 18 food industry sectors. The paper achieves two goals: First it provides estimates of... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Gravity model; Food Trade; Substitution elasticity; Trade liberalization; International Relations/Trade; F1; F13; F14. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50658 |
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| Karp, Larry S.; Sacheti, Sandeep; Zhao, Jinhua. |
| We use a North-South model with property right differences and resource dynamics to study the effects of trade on resource use and welfare. Autarky is likely to Pareto-dominate free trade in the long run when the environment is quite fragile, and the result is reversed when the environment is quite resilient. Trade may cause an environmentally poor country to drag down" its richer trading partner; in this case, both countries degrade their stocks when these would be preserved under autarky. Alternatively, trade may enable the environmentally richer country to pull up" its partner; in this case both countries preserve their stocks when these would be degraded under autarky. These results rationalize the positions of environmentalists and free-traders. The... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; D5; F1; O2; Q2. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25042 |
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| Registros recuperados: 59 | |
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