SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Bas,Hatice; Kalender,Suna.

ABSTRACT This study was done to evaluate the effects of lead nitrate and mercury chloride in testis tissues of Wistar rats. Lead nitrate and mercury chloride are widely used heavy metals in industry. Oral lead and mercury administrations to adult male rats at doses 45 mg/kg bw and 0.02 mg/kg bw, respectively for 4 weeks caused a significant increasing in MDA levels and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, GPx and GST). The MDA levels and acivities of antioxidant enzymes was lower in rats that were administrated by lead nitrate than mercury chloride treated group. Light microscopic analyses revealed that lead nitrate and mercury chloride induced numerous histopathological changes in testis tissues of rats. Histopathological observations of the testis...

Enzyme-based Colorimetric and Potentiometric Biosensor for Detecting Pb (II) Ions in Milk

Palavras-chave: Antioxidant enzymes; Lead; Mercury; Oxidative stress; Testis.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132016000100341

Kaur,Hardeep; Kumar,Sachin; Verma,Neelam.

The aim of the present work was to study a simple colorimetric and potentiometric biosensor based on urease inhibition by Pb (II) ions for its estimation in milk samples. Urease immobilized on nylon membrane by hydrosol gel method was used as the biocomponent to demonstrate the metal effect on the enzyme activity using phenol red as the pH indicator. A lower limit detection of 38.6µm was achieved in the milk and the enzyme membranes were stable for more than two months at 4ºC. In potentiometric approach, response of an ion selective electrode (ISE) to changing ammonium ion concentration as a consequence of urease inhibition by Pb (II) ions was explored to achieve a detection limit of 9.66 µm. Lead specificity was attained by means of masking agents 1,10 -...

Correlation between heavy metal ions (copper, zinc, lead) concentrations and root length of Allium cepa L. in polluted river water

Palavras-chave: Biosensor; Urease; Hydrosol- gel immobilization; Lead; Milk; Masking agent.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132014000400613

Palacio,Soraya Moreno; Espinoza-Quiñones,Fernando Rodolfo; Galante,Raquel Manozzo; Zenatti,Dilcemara Cristina; Seolatto,Araceli Aparecida; Lorenz,Evandro Kleber; Zacarkim,Carlos Eduardo; Rossi,Nickeli; Rizzutto,Márcia de Almeida; Tabacniks,Manfredo Harri.

The present work was performed using the common onion (Allium cepa L.) as a bioindicator of toxicity of heavy metals in river water. The test waters were collected at two sampling sites: at the beginning and the end of the Toledo River. The bulbs of A. cepa L. were grown in test water with nine concentration levels of copper, zinc and lead from 0.1 to 50 ppm. In the laboratory, the influence of these test liquids on the root growth was examined during five days. For test liquids containing below 0.03-ppm dissolved Cu the root growth was reduced by 40% However, the same reduction occurred for 1-ppm dissolved Zn. For dissolved Pb, results reveal toxicity above 0.1 and 0.6 ppm at the beginning and the end of the Toledo river water, respectively.

Dinâmica do chumbo no lago do parque Ingá, Maringá, PR, Brasil

Palavras-chave: Acute toxicity; Bioassay; Copper; Zinc; Lead; Allium cepa L.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132005000400024

Vaz,Sérgio Renato; Lenzi,Ervim; Luchese,Eduardo Bernardi; Fávero,Luzia O. B..

Este trabalho analisa a dinâmica do chumbo no lago do parque do Ingá, Maringá - PR. Mensalmente durante um ano foram coletadas amostras de água e sedimentos e o pH e temperatura medidos no ato da coleta. Nas amostras de água foi determinada a Demanda Química de Oxigênio (DQO) e a concentração total de Pb na água e sedimentos. A determinação da concentração Pb na água e sedimentos foi feita com a técnica da espectrometria da absorção atômica, modalidade chama. Os valores médios mensais encontrados, em intervalos e médias globais foram respectivamente: concentração de Pb na água, em ng.mL-1, não detectado (nd) - 55,56 e 19,23; Pb em sedimentos, em µg.g-1, 48,73 - 92,87 e 71,93; pH, 7,02 - 8,23 e 7,60; temperatura, em °C, 19,33 - 27,48 e 23,73; DQO, em...

Lead behavior in soil treated with contaminated sewage sludge and cultivated with maize

Palavras-chave: Lead; Lakes; Environmental pollution; Elements environmental dynamic; Environment.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89131998000400010

Barriquelo,Marcilene Ferrari; Juliatti,Marinês Aparecida; Silva,Margarete Soares da; Lenzi,Ervim.

Lead (Pb) behavior was studied in soil treated twice with sewage sludge contaminated with lead at interval of 18 months. Soil samples received five different treatments: three with lead [0 (reference); 2,500; 5,000 mug g-1] and two with a mixture of lead and cadmium (interferer) (2,500 + 2,500 and 5,000 + 5,000 mug g-1, respectively). Vases containing treated soil were cultivated with maize in a greenhouse for 75 days. Pb was extracted using nitric perchloric digestion and analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The soil, containing sewage sludge contaminated by lead presented a higher concentration of Pb. The metal concentration remained constant in all treatments at 20-60 cm depth. No absorption of Pb by the plants was detected.

Filamentous fungi isolated from Brazilian semiarid tolerant to metallurgical industry wastes: an ex situ evaluation

Palavras-chave: Sewage sludge; Heavy metal; Lead; Environmental pollution.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132003000400002

Silva Júnior,Flavio Manoel Rodrigues da; Pereira,Sônia Valéria.

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of metallurgical industry wastes on the semiarid soil microbiota using physico-chemical and microbiological parameters, highlighting the filamentous fungi assembly. Soil samples were collected in an area of industrial waste deposit contaminated with lead and mixed with natural soil (control soil) in seven different concentrations (0, 7.5, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 100%). The results showed alterations on the physico-chemical properties of the soil treated with industrial wastes, with a gradate increase of the soil's pH (5.6-10.4) and electrical conductivity (0.3-14.7 dS m-1) and also reduction of organic matter (7.0-1.8%). The use of microbiological parameters (fungal richness and diversity, CO2emission, and the...

Opiatergic participation in the thirst-inhibiting effect of acute third ventricle injections of cadmium (Cd2+) and lead (Pb2+)

Palavras-chave: Chaetomium; Microbial activity; Contaminated soils; Filamentous fungi; Lead.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132014000500723

Toxic effects of mercury, lead and gadolinium on vascular reactivity

De-Castro-e-Silva,E.; Luz,C.P.; Sarmento,C.; Nascimento,T.; Gonzalez,V.; Marinho,C.A.; Castro,L.; Oliveira,P.; Santana Jr.,P.; De-Oliveira,I.R.; De-Paula,S.; Lima,A.K.S.; Fregoneze,J.B..

We have previously demonstrated that acute third ventricle injections of both lead and cadmium prevent the dipsogenic response elicited by dehydration or by central injections of dipsogenic agents such as angiotensin II, carbachol and isoproterenol in rats. We have also shown that the antidipsogenic action of cadmium may be due, at least in part, to activation of thirst-inhibitory central serotonergic pathways. In the present paper we show that in Wistar male rats the antidipsogenic effect of both lead acetate (3.0 nmol/rat) and cadmium chloride (3.0 nmol/rat) may be partially dependent on the activation of brain opiatergic pathways since central injections of naloxone (82.5 nmol/rat), a non-selective opioid antagonist, blunt the thirst-inhibiting effect...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other

Palavras-chave: Cadmium; Lead; Water intake; Opioids; Rats.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998000600013

Vassallo,D.V.; Simões,M.R.; Furieri,L.B.; Fioresi,M.; Fiorim,J.; Almeida,E.A.S.; Angeli,J.K.; Wiggers,G.A.; Peçanha,F.M.; Salaices,M..

Heavy metals have been used in a wide variety of human activities that have significantly increased both professional and environmental exposure. Unfortunately, disasters have highlighted the toxic effects of metals on different organs and systems. Over the last 50 years, the adverse effects of chronic lead, mercury and gadolinium exposure have been underscored. Mercury and lead induce hypertension in humans and animals, affecting endothelial function in addition to their other effects. Increased cardiovascular risk after exposure to metals has been reported, but the underlying mechanisms, mainly for short periods of time and at low concentrations, have not been well explored. The presence of other metals such as gadolinium has raised concerns about...

Lead (Pb2+) and cadmium (Cd2+) inhibit the dipsogenic action of central beta-adrenergic stimulation by isoproterenol

Palavras-chave: Heavy metal toxicity; Vascular reactivity; Mercury; Lead; Gadolinium.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2011000900016

Acute exposure to lead increases myocardial contractility independent of hypertension development

We have previously demonstrated that acute third ventricle injections of both Pb2+ and Cd2+ impair the dipsogenic response elicited by three different situations: dehydration and central cholinergic or angiotensinergic stimulation. ß-Adrenergic activation is part of the multifactorial integrated systems operating in drinking behavior control in the central nervous system. In the present study acute third ventricle injections of Pb2+ (3, 30 and 300 pmol/rat) or Cd2+ (0.3, 3 and 30 pmol/rat) blocked the dipsogenic response induced by third ventricle injections of isoproterenol (ISO; 160 nmol/rat) in a dose-dependent manner. Normohydrated animals receiving ISO + NaAc (sodium acetate) or saline (controls) displayed a high water intake after 120 min (ISO +...

Palavras-chave: Lead; Cadmium; Water intake; Isoproterenol.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000300018

Fioresi,M.; Furieri,L.B.; Simões,M.R.; Ribeiro Junior,R.F.; Meira,E.F.; Fernandes,A.A.; Stefanon,I.; Vassallo,D.V..

We studied the effects of the acute administration of small doses of lead over time on hemodynamic parameters in anesthetized rats to determine if myocardial contractility changes are dependent or not on the development of hypertension. Male Wistar rats received 320 µg/kg lead acetateiv once, and their hemodynamic parameters were measured for 2 h. Cardiac contractility was evaluated in vitro using left ventricular papillary muscles as were Na+,K+-ATPase and myosin Ca2+-ATPase activities. Lead increased left- (control: 112 ± 3.7 vs lead: 129 ± 3.2 mmHg) and right-ventricular systolic pressures (control: 28 ± 1.2vs lead: 34 ± 1.2 mmHg) significantly without modifying heart rate. Papillary muscles were exposed to 8 µM lead acetate and evaluated 60 min later....

Differential effects of lead and zinc on inhibitory avoidance learning in mice

Palavras-chave: Lead; Myocardial contractility; Ventricular pressure.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2013000200178

Lead reduces tension development and the myosin ATPase activity of the rat right ventricular myocardium

de Oliveira,F.S.; Viana,M.R.; Antoniolli,A.R.; Marchioro,M..

We studied the effects of chronic intoxication with the heavy metals lead (Pb2+) and zinc (Zn2+) on memory formation in mice. Animals were intoxicated through drinking water during the pre- and postnatal periods and then tested in the step-through inhibitory avoidance memory task. Chronic postnatal intoxication with Pb2+ did not change the step-through latency values recorded during the 4 weeks of the test (ANOVA, P>0.05). In contrast, mice intoxicated during the prenatal period showed significantly reduced latency values when compared to the control group (day 1: q = 4.62, P<0.05; day 7: q = 4.42, P<0.05; day 14: q = 5.65, P<0.05; day 21: q = 3.96, P<0.05, and day 28: q = 6.09, P<0.05). Although chronic postnatal intoxication with Zn2+...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other

Palavras-chave: Lead; Zinc; Inhibitory avoidance; Memory.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000100014

Vassallo,D.V.; Lebarch,E.C.; Moreira,C.M.; Wiggers,G.A.; Stefanon,I..

Lead (Pb2+) poisoning causes hypertension, but little is known regarding its acute effects on cardiac contractility. To evaluate these effects, force was measured in right ventricular strips that were contracting isometrically in 45 male Wistar rats (250-300 g) before and after the addition of increasing concentrations of lead acetate (3, 7, 10, 30, 70, 100, and 300 µM) to the bath. Changes in rate of stimulation (0.1-1.5 Hz), relative potentiation after pauses of 15, 30, and 60 s, effect of Ca2+ concentration (0.62, 1.25, and 2.5 mM), and the effect of isoproterenol (20 ng/mL) were determined before and after the addition of 100 µM Pb2+. Effects on contractile proteins were evaluated after caffeine treatment using tetanic stimulation (10 Hz) and measuring...

Effect of lead acetate on neurobehavioral development of rats

Palavras-chave: Lead; Right ventricular strips; Contraction; Heart; Myosin ATPase activity.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008000900008

Mello,C.F.; Kraemer,C.K.; Filippin,A.; Morsch,V.M.; Rodrigues,A.L.S.; Martins,A.F.; Rubin,M.A..

We investigated the effects of lead exposure during the pre- and postnatal period on the neurobehavioral development of female Wistar rats (70-75 days of age, 120-150 g) using a protocol of lead intoxication that does not affect weight gain. Wistar rats were submitted to lead acetate intoxication by giving their dams 1.0 mM lead acetate. Control dams received deionized water. Growth and neuromotor development were assessed by monitoring daily the following parameters in 20 litters: body weight, ear unfolding, incisor eruption, eye opening, righting, palmar grasp, negative geotaxis, cliff avoidance and startle reflex. Spontaneous alternation was assessed on postnatal day 17 using a T maze. The animals' ability to equilibrate on a beaker rim was measured on...

Central lead administration inhibits water intake and sodium appetite in rats

Palavras-chave: Lead; Neurobehavioral development; Undernutrition; Heavy metal intoxication; Teratology; Rat.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998000700010

Lead uptake and tolerance of Ricinus communis L.

De-Castro-e-Silva,E.J.; Castro,L.; Luz,C.P.; Ferreira,H.; Lima,A.K.S.; Souza,F.S.F.; Maldonado,I.; Macêdo,D.F.; Ferreira,M.G.; Bandeira,I.P.V.; Amor,A.L.M.; Carvalho,F.L.Q.; Rocha Jr.,M.A.; Fregoneze,J.B..

We have demonstrated that acute third ventricle injections of lead acetate (PbAc) exert a powerful antidipsogenic effect and induce a significant increase in renal sodium excretion. In the present study we confirm the antidipsogenic effect of lead and demonstrate that central administration of this metal, in minute amounts, significantly reduces salt intake both during dehydration and after central angiotensinergic stimulation. Adult male Wistar rats had the third ventricle cannulated seven days before the experiments. During this period they had free access to distilled water and hypertonic saline solution (1.5%). After a 24-h period of fluid deprivation, experimental animals received third ventricle injections of PbAc (0.3, N = 8 and 3.0 nmol/rat, N =...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other

Palavras-chave: Lead; Angiotensin II; Water intake; Sodium intake; Rats.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1999001000011

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

Romeiro,Solange; Lagôa,Ana M.M.A.; Furlani,Pedro R.; Abreu,Cleide A. de; Abreu,Mônica F. de; Erismann,Norma M..

Phytoextraction is an important technique used for the decontamination of areas polluted by lead. Consequently, an understanding of the physiological responses to tolerance of tropical species subjected to increasing levels of contamination is fundamental before considering their use as phytoextractors in contaminated areas. The objective of this study was to assess the lead (Pb) uptake and the tolerance of Ricinus communis L. The plants were cultivated in nutrient solution in a greenhouse under controlled conditions. Lead was tested at concentrations of 0, 100, 200 and 400 µmol L-1. The experimental set-up was a block design, using a 4 x 1 factorial scheme, with three replicates. Biometric analyses, photosynthesis rates, and Pb content in the nutritive...

Sharma,Pallavi; Dubey,Rama Shanker.

Palavras-chave: Castor bean; Heavy metal; Lead; Phytoremediation.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202006000400006

Lead toxicity in plants

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

Contamination of soils by heavy metals is of widespread occurrence as a result of human, agricultural and industrial activities. Among heavy metals, lead is a potential pollutant that readily accumulates in soils and sediments. Although lead is not an essential element for plants, it gets easily absorbed and accumulated in different plant parts. Uptake of Pb in plants is regulated by pH, particle size and cation exchange capacity of the soils as well as by root exudation and other physico-chemical parameters. Excess Pb causes a number of toxicity symptoms in plants e.g. stunted growth, chlorosis and blackening of root system. Pb inhibits photosynthesis, upsets mineral nutrition and water balance, changes hormonal status and affects membrane structure and...

Arsenic, cadmium and lead concentrations in Yerba mate commercialized in Southern Brazil by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Palavras-chave: Antioxidant defense system; Detoxification; Lead; Osmolytes; Toxicity; Phytochelatin; Phytoremediation; Rhizofiltration; Tolerance.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202005000100004

Ciência Rural

Santos,Lisia Maria Gobbo dos; Vicentini Neto,Santos Alves; Iozzi,Giovanna; Jacob,Silvana do Couto.

ABSTRACT: “Mate” or “Yerba Mate” (Ilex paraguariensis) is a native South American plant, commonly consumed in Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay and southern Brazil. Recent research has detected the presence of many vitamins and metals in this plant. Theses metals are also part of yerba mate’s mineral composition, due to soil and water contamination by pesticides and fertilizers, coal and oil combustion, vehicle emissions, mining, smelting, refining and the incineration of urban and industrial waste. Regardless of their origin, some inorganic elements, such as arsenic, cadmium and lead, are considered toxic, since they accumulate in all plant tissues and are, thus, introduced into the food chain. In this context, the aim of the present study was to determine and...