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| Registros recuperados: 128 | |
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| Burnett, Kimberly M.; Kaiser, Brooks A.; Roumasset, James A.. |
| The optimal size and location of an invasive species population depend upon spatially differentiated biological growth, economic costs, and damages. Although largely absent from most economic models, spatial considerations matter because the likelihood and magnitude of the invasion vary spatially and the threatened assets may be unevenly distributed across space. We map the current and future populations of an invasive species, Miconia calvescens, on Oahu, Hawaii, and the potential damages to water quantity, quality, and endangered-species habitat, and weigh these against treatment costs. We find that optimal densities vary from approximately 1% to 18% cover throughout the island. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Geographical Information Systems; Hawaii; Invasive species; Miconia calvescens; Oahu; Spatial analysis; Watershed; Q23; Q25; Q28; Q51; Q57. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37274 |
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| Wang, Sen; DesRoches, C. Tyler; Sun, Lili; Stennes, Brad; Wilson, Bill; van Kooten, G. Cornelis. |
| This paper has three main objectives: (1) to investigate whether the four-quadrant approach introduced by Maini (2003) reveals a useful typology for grouping countries by GDP and forest cover per capita, (2) to determine if the framework can enhance our understanding of the relationship between forest cover and GDP per capita, and (3) to investigate why countries in the four-quadrant world occupy different quadrants, and to determine the principal factors affecting country-movement across and within the individual quadrants. The examination reveals that countries can be classified into four broad categories, and that GDP and forest cover per capita have a low but consistent level of negative association. After regressing economic, institutional, social... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Economic well-being; Forest cover; Institutions; Corruption; Education; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; G00; I20; Q23. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37036 |
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| Sedjo, Roger A.. |
| Unlike other resources such as petroleum, coal, and copper, forests are renewable. Yet, in many respects forests historically have been treated as a nonrenewable resource in that forest stocks were depleted or "mined" and loggers moved on to exploit other "deposits." The lands were often put to other uses, typically agricultural, or allowed to regenerate naturally. This paper looks at technical change in forest extraction, i.e., logging under a number of different conditions. It finds that, on average, labor productivity has been increasing in recent decades. However, total factor productivity in the US has declined in recent years. In addition, the study examines the tree-growing potential of plantation forestry. It finds that there is underway a... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Productivity; Resources; Forests; Timber; Technology; Innovations; Plantations; Logging; Genetics; Extraction; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O31; O32; O50; O51; Q23. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10667 |
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| Dutschke, Michael; Schlamadinger, Bernhard. |
| Afforestation and reforestation (AR) projects in the Clean Development Mechanism are able to create emission permits that can be accounted against the industrialized countries' commitments for limiting their greenhouse gas emissions, as agreed under the Kyoto Protocol. The discussion of how to treat credits from temporary carbon stocks is centering on the proposal for expiring emission credits from AR, which in the subsequent commitment period need to be replaced. While the basic methodological question is thus being solved, the practicalities arising from the solution have so far not been considered. The authors make new proposals on accounting modalities, define the tCER value as compared to a permanent CER, and forecast who will be the potential buyers... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Clean Development Mechanism; Forestry; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q23; Q25; Q13. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26241 |
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| Amano, Masahiro; Sedjo, Roger A.. |
| This report compares the approaches of the governments of Japan, Canada, and the European Union member countries toward using carbon sinks to meet their respective Kyoto Protocol carbon reduction targets. Various policies have been proposed by which governments can sequester carbon by promoting afforestation and reforestation, slowing deforestation, and undertaking forest management activities under Articles 3.3 and 3.4. At this time, carbon emissions reduction programs are still under development, both within individual countries and within the context of the protocol. Although some of the details have been worked out, concrete definitions are often still lacking, especially as regards impermanence of forests, additionality, leakage, and socioeconomic and... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Climate; Sinks; Kyoto Protocol; Forestry; Canada; Japan; European Union; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F01; Q23; Q28; Q48. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10913 |
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| Gideon, Kruseman; Lorenzo, Pellegrini. |
| Deforestation in the North western part of Pakistan is a long standing problem. The Forestry Department, as formal managers of the forest resources, has been undergoing a long reform process aimed at improving its performance. This reform process has not resulted in less deforestation. From the policy perspective this has been leading to stated intentions to further reform the Forestry Department, the question is whether organizational reform is the answer. We think there are more limiting bottlenecks to sustainable forest management in Pakistan. De facto property rights are not as simple as denoted by statutory law. In this article we explore the mechanisms behind the deforestation and try to uncover mechanisms to reverse the process. Although our... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: New institutional Economics; Corruption; Forestry; Swat; Q23; Q58. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37669 |
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| Veronesi, Marcella; Schlondorn, Tim; Zabel, Astrid; Engel, Stefanie. |
| Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) is an important topic in the debate on policies to mitigate climate change. This is the first study to test and compare the environmental impact of different REDD+ payment schemes in the field, and provide some insights on the effectiveness of different policies with respect to the permanence of forest-based emission reductions. This study implements a stated preference experiment of time allocation in the unique setting of the Kasigau Corridor REDD+ Project in Kenya, where charcoaling is a major source of forest degradation. The impact on time allocation is analyzed under the presumption that a hypothetical agricultural policy or an eco-charcoaling policy was introduced. We find that a... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: REDD; Permanence; Deforestation; Labor; Kenya; International Development; I38; J22; O13; Q18; Q23; Q28; Q56. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124131 |
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| van Kooten, G. Cornelis. |
| Activities that remove CO2 from the atmosphere and store it in forest and agricultural ecosystems can generate CO2-offset credits that can thus substitute for CO2 emissions reduction. Are biological CO2-uptake activities competitive with CO2 offsets from reduced fossil fuel use? In this paper, it is argued that transaction costs impose a formidable obstacle to direct substitution of carbon uptake offsets for emissions reduction in trading schemes, and that separate caps should be set for emissions reduction and sink-related activities. While a tax/subsidy scheme is preferred to emissions trading for incorporating biologically-generated CO2 offsets, contracts that focus on the activity and not the amount of carbon sequestered are most likely to lead to the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Carbon sequestration; Transaction costs; Climate change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q54; Q23; Q42; H23; D23. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45505 |
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| Chiabai, Aline; Travisi, Chiara M.; Ding, Helen; Markandya, Anil; Nunes, Paulo A.L.D.. |
| By using ad hoc value transfer protocols, this paper offers a methodological contribution and provides accurate per hectare estimates of the economic value of some selected ecosystem services for all forest biomes in the world, identified following the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment taxonomy MEA. The research also estimates potential total economic losses from policy inaction in year 2050. Final results show that total losses are significant. The total figure is €78 billion, the greatest losses coming from North America and Mexico, followed by Africa, Russia and some Asiatic countries. Most of this loss is attributable to provisioning services and carbon sequestration, while only a minor part is due to loss of cultural services. In terms of biomes the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Forest; Ecosystem Services; Biodiversity; Valuation; Value Transfer; Environmental Economics and Policy; O13; Q23; Q26; Q51; Q54; Q57. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50361 |
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| Bohn, Henning; Deacon, Robert T.. |
| The effect of insecure ownership on ordinary investment and on the exploitation of natural resources is examined. Insecure ownership is characterized as a positive probability that a typical asset or its future return will be confiscated. For empirical analysis, the probability of confiscation is modeled as a function of observable political attributes of countries, principally the type of government regime in power (democratic versus nondemocratic) and the prevalence of political violence or instability. A general index of ownership security is estimated from the political determinants of economy wide investment rates, and then introduced into models of petroleum and forest use. Ownership risk is found to have a significant, and quantitatively important... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Ownership security; Investment; Resource conservation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q32; Q23; O00. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10710 |
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| Registros recuperados: 128 | |
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