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	Provedor de dados AgEcon (50) Autor Sabatini, Fabio (4) Fritzsch, Jana (3) Wolz, Axel (3) Antoci, Angelo (2) Beyene, Fekadu (2) Golub, Benjamin (2) Jackson, Matthew O. (2) Maietta, Ornella Wanda (2) Pencakova, Jitka (2) Sodini, Mauro (2) Tutkun, Aysel (2) Ali, Abu Kasim (1) Antoni, Giacomo Degli (1) Asirvatham, Jebaraj (1) Badstue, Lone B. (1) Barrett, Christopher B. (1) Belletti, Matteo (1) Bergmann, Holger (1) Bocker, Andreas (1) Boozer, Michael A. (1) Mais... Palavra-chave Z13 (50) Institutional and Behavioral Economics (16) Labor and Human Capital (12) Social capital (10) Q12 (9) Agribusiness (6) Community/Rural/Urban Development (4) Consumer/Household Economics (4) D85 (4) Farm Management (4) O13 (4) Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies (4) Social Networks (4) Corporate farms (3) Cross sectional models (3) Czech Republic (3) D03 (3) D1 (3) D12 (3) D71 (3) Mais... Tipo do documento Working or Discussion Paper (25) Conference Paper or Presentation (21) Journal Article (2) Presentation (2) Ano 2012 (2) 2011 (2) 2010 (7) 2009 (6) 2008 (4) 2007 (9) 2006 (14) 2005 (3) 2004 (2) 2001 (1) Mais... País United States (50) Idioma Inglês (48) Português (2)		Ordenar por:  Relevância Autor Título Ano Registros recuperados: 50 Primeira ... 1 2 3 ... Última Do Social Relations Affect Economic Welfare? A Microeconomic Empirical Analysis AgEcon Antoni, Giacomo Degli. Over the last few years, many studies have shown that social networks affect the socioeconomic development. This paper presents evidence, through the Italian microdata representative of the entire Italian population, that the quality and quantity of interpersonal relations of agents can increase their economic welfare. Two proxies of interpersonal relations at an individual level are considered: a proxy for the density and one for the quality of network structure of personal contacts. Both seem to have a positive effect on the level of household economic welfare of agents. This result proves robust to the inclusion of a variety of control variables and to the use of different econometric methods. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Networks; Social Interactions; Household Economic Welfare; Microdata; Fuzzy Logic; Labor and Human Capital; D10; Z13. Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9330 BEHAVIOURS OF CONSERVATION ORGANIZATIONS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS. Analysis based on New (and not so new) Institutional Economics AgEcon Tisdell, Clement A.. This article draws mostly (but not entirely) on new institutional economics to consider the likely behaviours of non-government conservation organizations and the implications of these behaviours for biodiversity conservation. It considers how institutional factors may result in behaviour of conservation NGOs diverging from their objectives, including their support for biodiversity conservation; examines aspects of rent capture and conservation alliances; specifies social factors that may restrict the diversity of species supported by NGOs for conservation; considers bounded rationality in relation to the operation of conservation NGOs; and using game theory, shows how competition between NGOs for funding can result in economic inefficiencies and narrow... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Australia; Biodiversity conservation; Bounded rationality; Civil society; Common Agricultural Policy; European Union; Landcare; Mixed goods; New institutional economics; New Zealand; NGOs; Principal-and-agent problem; Political acceptability; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; Q00; Q2; Q5; Q57; Z13. Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6185 Social Capital and Farmer Welfare in Malaysia AgEcon Yokoyama, Shigeki; Ali, Abu Kasim. Effects of social capital (SC hereinafter) on household welfare (rice yield, income, health) were examined in rice granary area of south peninsula Malaysia. SC is categorized into eight types by its form (structural and cognitive) and function (birding, linking, and bracing). OLS is used for estimation on randomly selected 60 household data. As for self-rated health status, those attending more community activity (bonding structural SC) appear less healthy, seemingly that old farmers normally have more time to spend on community activities and they are more loyal to their organization. Those who highly evaluate bureaucratic organization (linking cognitive SC) are relatively healthier. Frequency of attending community activities (bonding structural SC) and... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics; I3; O13; Q12; Z13. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25323 Inside the 'Black Box' of Project Star: Estimation of Peer Effects Using Experimental Data AgEcon Boozer, Michael A.; Cacciola, Stephen E.. The credible identification of endogenous peer group effects— i.e. social multiplier or feedback effects —has long eluded social scientists. We argue that such effects are most credibly identified by a randomly assigned social program which operates at differing intensities within and between peer groups. The data we use are from Project STAR, a class size reduction experiment conducted in Tennessee elementary schools. In these data, classes were comprised of varying fractions of students who had previously been exposed to the Small class treatment, creating class groupings of varying experimentally induced quality. We use this variation in class group quality to estimate the spillover effect. We find that when allowance is made for this ‘feedback’ effect... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Peer effects; Data with a group structure; Organization of schooling; Experimental evidence; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Z13; C51; C81; I21; C23. Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28524 The influence of migration processes on rural development: a case study from Scotland AgEcon Bergmann, Holger; Thompson, Kenneth J.. In the past, much rural development planning has relied on the concept of growth poles. With the “new rural paradigm”, we find that place-specific development and bottom-up approaches have become more popular than ever. Such place-based development often envisages the use of social capital. However, insofar as social capital is a local asset that is incorporated in individuals, it can easily be destroyed but not easily rebuilt. Continued out-migration and low in-migration into rural areas can have detrimental effects on social capital, and subsequently weaken bottom-up processes in the short and medium term. This paper - based on a survey of 1412 persons in northern Scotland - suggests that intensified migratory processes destroy social capital in rural... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Migration; Social capital; Rural Scotland; New rural paradigm; Trust; Community/Rural/Urban Development; R23; R58; Z13; D71. Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94914 ”Thou shalt not covet ...”: Prohibitions, Temptation and Moral Values AgEcon Cervellati, Matteo; Vanin, Paolo. We propose a theory studying temptation in presence of both externally and internally sanctioned prohibitions. Moral values that (internally) sanction prohibited actions and their desire may increase utility by reducing self-control costs, thereby serving as partial commitment devices. We apply the model to crime and study the conditions under which agents would optimally adhere to moral values of honesty. Incentives to be moral are non- monotonic in the crime premium. Larger external punishments increase temptation and demand for morality, so that external and internal sanctions are complements. The model helps rationalizing stylized facts that proved difficult to explain with available theories. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Prohibitions; Temptation; Self-Control; Moral Values; Crime; Labor and Human Capital; D03; K42; Z13. Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90905 Leadership May Have Decisive Influence on Successful Transition of Production Cooperative AgEcon Forgacs, Csaba. In Hungary increasing number of coops have gone bankruptcy or split up after meeting new legal needs because of not being competitive under market conditions after radical reforms. Others, however, could maintain previous level of farming or even increase it. Former coop members and individual farmers have also established new coops using bottom up approach. The paper discusses the importance of leadership of coops with different background which not well addressed in the literature. It took into account that old type produce coops had not only been an economic unit but a social network of people as well giving a special character to the coop. Two cases, one of an old and, one of a new coop, as success stories, were used and comparison of their development... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Social capital; Transformation of coops; Leadership; Producing coops; Agribusiness; Labor and Human Capital; Z13; Q10; Q12; Q13; Q18. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25634 A Social Network Analysis of Occupational Segregation AgEcon Van der Leij, Marco J.; Buhai, I. Sebastian. We develop a social network model of occupational segregation between different social groups, generated by the existence of positive inbreeding bias among individuals from the same group. If network referrals are important for job search, then expected homophily in the contact network structure induces different career choices for individuals from different social groups. This further translates into stable occupational segregation equilibria in the labor market. We derive the conditions for wage and unemployment inequality in the segregation equilibria and characterize first and second best social welfare optima. Surprisingly, we find that socially optimal policies involve segregation. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Social Networks; Homophily; Inbreeding Bias; Occupational Segregation; Labor Market Inequality; Social Welfare; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital; J24; J31; J70; Z13. Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6224 Naive Learning in Social Networks: Convergence, Influence and Wisdom of Crowds AgEcon Jackson, Matthew O.; Golub, Benjamin; Jackson, Matthew O.. We study learning and influence in a setting where agents communicate according to an arbitrary social network and naively update their beliefs by repeatedly taking weighted averages of their neighbors' opinions. A focus is on conditions under which beliefs of all agents in large societies converge to the truth, despite their naive updating. We show that this happens if and only if the influence of the most influential agent in the society is vanishing as the society grows. Using simple examples, we identify two main obstructions which can prevent this. By ruling out these obstructions, we provide general structural conditions on the social network that are sufficient for convergence to truth. In addition, we show how social influence changes when some... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Social Networks; Learning; Diffusion; Bounded Rationality; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; D85; D83; A14; L14; Z13. Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9101 How Homophily Affects Learning and Diffusion in Networks AgEcon Golub, Benjamin; Jackson, Matthew O.. We examine how three different communication processes operating through social networks are affected by homophily - the tendency of individuals to associate with others similar to themselves. Homophily has no effect if messages are broadcast or sent via shortest paths; only connection density matters. In contrast, homophily substantially slows learning based on repeated averaging of neighbors' information and Markovian diffusion processes such as the Google random surfer model. Indeed, the latter processes are strongly affected by homophily but completely independent of connection density, provided this density exceeds a low threshold. We obtain these results by establishing new results on the spectra of large random graphs and relating the spectra to... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Networks; Learning; Diffusion; Homophily; Friendships; Social Networks; Random Graphs; Mixing Time; Convergence; Speed of Learning; Speed of Convergence; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; D83; D85; I21; J15; Z13. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50718 The Impact of Social Capital on the Implicit Price Paid by the Italian Consumer for Fair Trade Coffee AgEcon Bosbach, Moritz; Maietta, Ornella Wanda. Consumers in developed countries are increasingly interested in the consumption of food products incorporating ethical aspects, particularly fair trade products. These products are usually distributed in a network of World Shops and, more recently, in supermarkets and shopping centres. The fair trade product with the highest market share is coffee. This study aims to ascertain the implicit price paid by Italian consumers for the fair trade content of coffee and how this implicit price is influenced by the level of social capital of the territory where consumers live. The data utilised are scanner data, based on the purchase at supermarkets and shopping centres observed from 2005 to 2007, referred to a territorial unit that is the province. Since scanner... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Hedonic price; Coffee; Fair trade; Scanner data; Italian consumers; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; C50; D12; L66; Z13. Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114371 Evaluating Multifunctional Activities as Rural Institution in Japan AgEcon Ohe, Yasuo. The relationship between multifunctionality and the roles of rural communities has not been discussed fully although the connection between the two is an essential issue in the rural policy arena. Pursuing this issue, this paper considers that multifunctional hamlet activities are generated as institutional joint products within the hamlet. Also evaluated is the connection between multifunctional activities and institutional hamlet conditions under the Japanese direct payment program for less favored areas. Results of conceptual considerations and empirical evaluations reveal that specific multifunctional hamlet activities depend on hamlet conditions; those on the least favorable level tend to perform land preservation activities while those under the most... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Multifunctionality; Rural community; Institution; Jointness; Diversification; Human resources; Direct payment; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Q19; R0; Z13; Q18. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25468 Women’s Rights and Development AgEcon Fernandez, Raquel. Why has the expansion of women’s economic and political rights coincided with economic development? This paper investigates this question, focusing on a key economic right for women: property rights. The basic hypothesis is that the process of development (i.e., capital accumulation and declining fertility) exacerbated the tension in men’s conflicting interests as husbands versus fathers, ultimately resolving them in favor of the latter. As husbands, men stood to gain from their privileged position in a patriarchal world whereas, as fathers, they were hurt by a system that afforded few rights to their daughters. The model predicts that declining fertility would hasten reform of women’s property rights whereas legal systems that were initially more... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Women’s Rights; Property Rights; Economic Development; Labor and Human Capital; D1; O1; Z13. Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90943 Solidarity Economies in Marche, Italy: current trends and perspectives AgEcon Belletti, Matteo; Orazi, Francesco; Socci, Marco; Giovagnoli, Marco; Pojaghi, Barbara. The paper illustrates selected results of an exploratory research study coordinated by the “Solidarity Economy Network” of the Marche Region in Italy (REES Marche) in 2010-2011. The study was funded by Banca Popolare Etica, it involved three Universities of the Region (Università Politecnica delle Marche, Università di Macerata, Università di Camerino), adopting an interdisciplinary approach. It aimed at investigating the cultural, economic and political determinants that characterize the world of critical consumption, examining a sample of 20 GAS (Gruppi di Acquisto Solidale, Solidarity Purchasing Groups), 182 GAS members and 50 firms (among which 20 agricultural GAS suppliers). Data was collected through ad hoc questionnaires, in depth interviews and... Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Critical consumption; Active citizenship; Territorial networks; Alternative and non-market relations; Short food supply chain; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; A13; D12; Z13; Q12; Q56; Q57.. Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124127 Gender Differences in Pro-social Behaviour: The Case of Fair-trade Food Consumers AgEcon De Devitiis, Biagia; De Luca, Anna Irene; Maietta, Ornella Wanda. Objective of this paper is to analyse the presence of gender differences in the purchase motivations of Fair Trade (FT) food products sold in the Italian World Shops (WS). At this end, a questionnaire has been distributed to a sample of consumers in four Italian regions. A bivariate ordered probit analysis has been performed in order to identify the determinants of the two main ethical motivations in the purchase: worker guarantees and solidarity. The variables used as determinants are individual and municipal characteristics. Among individual characteristics, gender is significant; among the municipal characteristics, the rate of female job market participation is also significant. These results give evidence of a gender gap in the preferences for public... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Ethical consumerism; Gender preferences; Fair trade; Consumer/Household Economics; Labor and Human Capital; D12; I31; L31; Z13. Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114372 Social Capital and Cooperation in Central and Eastern Europe Toward An Analytical Framework AgEcon Murray, Catherine. The transition process in central and eastern Europe (CEE) had a profound effect on how individuals interact. Economic and social institutions have changed, requiring an adaptation process by individuals in the move toward a market economy. How each individual accesses, manipulates and uses their networks will determine the use of their social capital. Within CEE, there is a presumption of low levels of social capital. This paper was written as a conceptual framework for a research project entitled 'Integrated Development of Agricultural and Rural Institutions' (IDARI) in CEE countries. The paper exposes the emergence and maintenance of cooperative behaviour in light of rural restructuring and institutional change in CEE. A link exists between social... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Z13; D7. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25647 The Solaria Syndrome: Social Capital in a Growing Hyper-technological Economy AgEcon Antoci, Angelo; Sabatini, Fabio; Sodini, Mauro. We develop a dynamic model to analyze the sources and the evolution of social participation and social capital in a growing economy characterized by exogenous technical progress. Starting from the assumption that the well-being of agents basically depends on material and relational goods, we show that the best-case scenarios hold when technology and social capital both support just one of the two productions at the expenses of the other. However, trajectories are possible where technology and social interaction balance one another in fostering the growth of both the social and the private sector of the economy. Along such tracks, technology may play a crucial role in supporting a “socially sustainable” economic growth. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Technology; Economic Growth; Relational Goods; Social Participation; Social Capital; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O33; J22; O41; Z13. Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93415 Social Capital and Soil Erosion Control in Agriculturally Marginal Areas of Kenya: The Case of Machakos and Taita-Taveta Districts AgEcon Obare, Gideon A.; Mwakubo, Samuel M.; Ouma, Emily Awuor; Mohammed, Lutta; Omiti, John M.. This paper evaluates the farmers’ perception of the soil erosion problem, and identifies and analyses social capital elements that motivate households to actively participate in soil conservation in agricultural production process. The data used in the study was generated using a structured questionnaire in a survey that covered 321 households in Kenya’s semi arid districts of Machakos and Taita-Taveta Districts. Two modelling strategies were used: A Probit model was used to estimate the likelihoods of factors that may influence farmers’ perception of soil erosion problem, and a Tobit to estimate parameters of factors that influence terracing intensity. The results indicate that although perception of the soil erosion problem is relatively high in the... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Social capital; Marginal areas; Soil erosion; Perception; Two-step estimation; Kenya; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C24; D23; Q15; Z13. Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9532 SOCIAL CAPITAL AMONG AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC: ITS IMPACT ON ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE AgEcon Wolz, Axel; Fritzsch, Jana; Pencakova, Jitka. The change of the political regime from the socialist central planning system to a market economy and pluralistic society required the reorganisation not only of agricultural production, but also of the organisations in their support. In the Czech Republic, agricultural production is characterised by a dualistic structure in these days, i.e. private farmers on the one side and corporate farms on the other. However, among both groups some had been economically more successful than others. In general, a varying adoption of production factors, i.e. land, labour and capital is identified as being of influence. Whether their ability to collaborate with other farms is an additional factor, which has been discussed under the concept of social capital since quite... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Corporate farms; Private farms; Social capital; Cross sectional models; Czech Republic; Landwirtschaftliche Großbetriebe; Familienbetriebe; Sozialkapital; Tschechische Republik; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Political Economy; C31; P32; Q12; Z13. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91965 PEER-EFFECTS IN OBESITY AMONG PUBLIC SCHOOL CHILDREN: A GRADE-LEVEL ANALYSIS AgEcon Asirvatham, Jebaraj; Nayga, Rodolfo M., Jr.; Thomsen, Michael R.. We examine the role of peer effects in childhood obesity outcomes by investigating whether obesity rates among the highest graders in a public school has an effect on obesity rates among younger grades. We use a panel dataset with obesity prevalence measured at the grade level. Our data are from Arkansas public schools. Results provide evidence that changes in the obesity prevalence at the highest grade are associated with changes in obesity prevalence at younger grades. The magnitude of the peer effect depends on the type of school, and we find statistically significant peer effects in both elementary and high schools but not in middle schools. These effects are also larger in high schools than in elementary schools. We use falsification tests to provide... Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Peer-effects; Obesity; Childhood obesity; Overweight; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D10; D71; I10; Z13. Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122732 Registros recuperados: 50 Primeira ... 1 2 3 ... Última

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