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| Registros recuperados: 49 | |
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| Fan, Shenggen; Zhang, Linxiu; Zhang, Xiaobo. |
| In the past two decades, China has achieved world renown for reducing rural poverty. However, it is becoming harder to reduce poverty and inequality further in China, even though its economy continues to grow. This report compares the impact specific rural public investments can have on promoting growth and reducing poverty and inequality. Returns to these investments are calculated for the nation as a whole and for three economic zones in the west, central, and coastal regions of the country. Government expenditures that have the highest impact on poverty and growth include education, agricultural research and development, and rural infrastructure (roads, electricity, and telecommunications). Notably, spending on irrigation and anti-poverty loans had... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Public Economics. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16523 |
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| Zhang, Xiaobo; Rockmore, Marc; Chamberlin, Jordan. |
| This paper considers vulnerability reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from a more aggregated macro viewpoint. We focus on risk related to agriculture, since vulnerability and agriculture are intimately linked in SSA due to the location of the poor, their dependence on agriculture and the inherent risks of an agricultural livelihood. We argue that agricultural growth is one of the most effective means for improving permanent incomes and reducing vulnerability. However, agriculture is not homogeneous, and the inherent risks vary across countries and regions. Therefore, we also discuss appropriate investment strategies and policy instruments for different sets of risks. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Africa; Agriculture; Vulnerability; Typology; International Development. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42365 |
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| Huang, Zuhui; Zhang, Xiaobo; Zhu, Yunwei. |
| Wenzhou used to be one of the poorest regions in eastern China. With limited arable land, poor road access to major cities, and little support from the government, it seemed to lack all the necessary conditions for economic growth according to the standard textbook. However, over the past several decades, Wenzhou has achieved one of the fastest growing rates and owned the most dynamic private sector in China. The footwear industry in particular has grown from a negligible place to the largest market share and has formed one of the largest industry clusters in China. Therefore, the footwear industry provides us with a good example to unde rstand the driving forces behind the dramatic rural industrial growth. For this study, we undertake a survey on about... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25371 |
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| Wood, Stanley; You, Liangzhi; Zhang, Xiaobo. |
| From a theoretical perspective crop yields should tend to converge over time and space as: growth in yield potential exhibits diminishing returns; an increasing share of farmers shift to using high yielding varieties (HYVs); barriers to the free flow of knowledge and information are removed; and significant investments continue to be made in supporting institutions whose mandates include facilitating and accelerating the cross-border flow of improved agricultural technologies. Using a new, sub-national crop yield database for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) we examine whether convergence is indeed occurring, and discover it is not. On the contrary, there is evidence of divergence. We test three hypotheses that might help account for this finding:... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop yields; Maize; Rice; Soybeans; Latin America; Caribbean; South America; Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60322 |
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| Zhang, Xiaobo; Mount, Timothy D.; Boisvert, Richard N.. |
| There is a substantial controversy in the economics literature over the magnitude of the expenditure elasticity for food grain in China that is caused, to a large extent, by whether time-series or cross-section data are used in the analysis. A set of reasonable elasticities for a complete demand system is estimated by using a panel of county level data in Guangdong Province for the last ten years. The results show that food grain has a small positive income elasticity, implying that food grain is not an inferior good in China. The reason that consumption per capita has not increased during a period of rapid economic growth in income is that the relative prices of the food and non-food substitutes for food grain have decreased. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31606 |
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| Ruan, Jianqing; Zhang, Xiaobo. |
| The traditional literature emphasizes the causal role of finance in promoting industrial growth. China’s rapid industrialization over the past several decades, which has occurred in the absence of well-functioning financial markets, seems to defy the conventional wisdom. By studying a cashmere sweater cluster in China, this paper argues that rural industrial clustering, as a new business model, lowers the entry barriers of initial capital investment through the division of labor. Within these clusters, enterprises can often acquire trade credits from upstream or downstream firms and obtain informal financing from friends and relatives, and use these funds to mitigate constraints of working capital. These findings help explain China’s rapid... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Industrialization; Cluster; Finance; China; Growth; Financial Economics; International Development. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42322 |
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| Mu, Ren; Zhang, Xiaobo. |
| An increasing literature examines the association between restricted fetal or early childhood growth and the incidence of diseases in adulthood. Little is known, however, about gender difference in this association. We assess the impact of nutritional deficiency in the early lives of survivors of the Chinese Great Famine in terms of health and economic welfare, paying special attention to gender differences. We found evidence of several significant negative impacts for female--but not male--survivors, and the gender differences are statistically significant. Furthermore, we show that the selection bias caused by differences in mortality plausibly explains more than two-thirds of the documented gender difference in the long-term health of famine survivors. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Famine; Fetal origins hypothesis; Gender difference; China; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42331 |
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| Registros recuperados: 49 | |
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