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Registros recuperados: 47
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Towards a certification of biomass: Feasibility of a certifications scheme of sustainability standards for trade and production of bioethanol in Brazil AgEcon
Delzeit, Ruth; Bohle, Hans-Georg; Holm-Muller, Karin.
Bioenergy produced from biomass is increasingly used to substitute fossil energy sources. Trade of biomass is expected to increase in the following years due to disparities in production costs and potentials in countries and regions. In this paper the possibility of a certification scheme for minimizing negative socio-ecological impacts and for increasing a sustainable production of biomass is discussed, taking Brazilian bioethanol as an example. This case-study comes up with a first set of feasible sustainability standards for Brazilian bioethanol and discusses issues to be considered when developing sustainability standards. At the same time problematic aspects are identified. When incorporating opinions of different stakeholders, the setting of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Certification; Sustainability standards; Bioethanol; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F18; Q24.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57032
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Tradable Permits vs Ecological Dumping AgEcon
Antoniou, Fabio; Hatzipanayotou, Panos; Koundouri, Phoebe.
In this paper we examine an alternative policy scenario, where governments allow polluting firms to trade permits in a strategic environmental policy model. We demonstrate, among other things, that with no market power in the permits market, governments of the exporting firms do not have an incentive to under-regulate pollution in order to become more competitive. This strategic effect is reversed and leads to a welfare level closer to the cooperative one and strictly higher to that when permits are non-tradable. Allowing for market power in the permits market, the incentive to under-regulate pollution re-appears regardless of whether permits are tradable or not. With tradable permits, however, the incentive to under-regulate pollution is comparatively...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Strategic Environmental Policy; Tradable Permits; Race to the top; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q58; F12; F18.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59374
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Intraindustry Trade and the Environment: Is There a Selection Effect? AgEcon
Aralas, Sarma B.; Hoehn, John P..
Replaced with revised version of paper 08/06/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Environment; Trade; Monopolistic Competition; Selection effect; Environmental quality; Panel data; OECD; Pollution; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q56; Q51; Q53; Q58; F12; F18.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61367
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From “May Contain” to “Does Contain”: The price and trade effects of strict information requirements for GM maize under the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety AgEcon
Bouet, Antoine; Gruere, Guillaume P.; Leroy, Laetitia.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/22/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Genetically modified food; International Trade; Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q17; Q18; F18.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61533
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Who Should Bear the Cost of China’s Carbon Emissions Embodied in Goods for Exports? AgEcon
Zhang, ZhongXiang.
China’s capital-intensive, export-oriented, spectacular economic growth since launching its open-door policy and economic reforms in late 1978 not only has created jobs and has lifted millions of the Chinese people out of poverty, but also has given rise to unprecedented environmental pollution and CO2 emissions. While estimates of the embedded CO2 emissions in China’s trade differ, both single country studies for China and global studies show a hefty chunk of China’s CO2 emissions embedded in trade. This portion of CO2 emissions had helped to turn China into the world’s largest carbon emitter, and is further widening its gap with the second largest emitter. This raises the issue of who should be responsible for this portion of emissions and bearing the...
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Carbon Emissions Embodied In Trade; Consumption-Based Accounting; Production-Based Accounting; Processing Trade; Carbon Tariffs; Energy Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; F18; P28; Q42; Q43; Q48; Q53; Q54; Q56; Q58.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118958
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Russlands Ratifikation des Kyoto-Protokolls - ein kritisches Pladoyer AgEcon
Schwerd, Joachim.
At the beginning of December 2003 the ninth conference of the parties (COP) of the UN framework convention on climate change (Rio declaration 1992) will take place. This meeting is crucial as it depends only on Russia's ratification to get the Kyoto protocol started soon. This paper reflects the current state of the protocol and highlights the particular features of COP 9, e.g. the double ratification hurdle, which - as a technical speciality of the protocol - was suitable to strengthen Russia's position in these negotiations up to now. It will be discussed, why Russia shall comply with the protocol for its own sake, too. Only one of the flexible Kyoto instruments is considered hereby: emissions trading. Two arguments are used for making the point, that it...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Kyoto protocol; Emissions trading; Dynamic efficiency; Russia; Environmental Economics and Policy; B52; D78; D90; F18.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26184
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Assessing the European Union emissions trading directive AgEcon
Convery, Frank J.; Redmond, Luke; Dunne, Louise; Ryan, Lisa B..
The Emissions Trading scheme now (January 2003) in prospect in the European Union is likely to be the first trans-national greenhouse gas emissions trading scheme in the world. With the participation of the European Economic Area [EEA] countries and with the forthcoming EU enlargement, 30 countries could be involved in this scheme by 2012. Under European Union law, the European Commission is responsible for making proposals, which are then decided upon by the Council of Ministers - on a 'qualified majority' basis in this case - representing the 15 Member State governments, and the European Parliament. In the case of this Directive, the Commission prepared its initial proposals, which have then been scrutinised by the European Parliament and the Council...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Emissions trade; Directive; Europe; International Relations/Trade; F18; N54; Q56.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28794
Registros recuperados: 47
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