SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

German, Laura; Taye, Hailemichael; Charamila, Sarah; Tolera, Tesema; Tanui, Joseph.

Collective action in agriculture and natural resource management is all too often perceived of in terms of the mere number of participants, with little consideration given to who participates, why, and the outcomes of inequitable participation. The literature is replete with cases of how uncritical approaches to participation structure positions of privilege vis-a-vis project benefits and the natural resource base. Yet lessons on how to engage with local communities in ways that promote equitable participation of women, the poor and other stakeholders are only now coming to light. This paper focuses on approaches under development under the rubric of the African Highlands Initiative to bring collective action principles to bear on gender-equitable change...

DESENVOLVIMENTO RURAL, MULHERES E TERRA - UM OLHAR SOBRE TIMOR-LESTE

Palavras-chave: Watershed management; Gender; Collective action; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42495

Narciso, Vanda Margarida De Jesus Dos Santos; Henriques, Pedro Damiao de Sousa.

O caminho percorrido para que as questões do género e do desenvolvimento e em especial a sua interligação sejam assuntos importantes e alvo de atenção tanto académica como política, foi longo. Várias áreas do conhecimento, como a sociologia, a antropologia e a economia, contribuem para a construção do conhecimento neste domínio, a par de outras mais recentes como os estudos feministas e os estudos pós-coloniais. Como resultado, as teorias e os conceitos sobre a relação das mulheres com o desenvolvimento e os efeitos deste sobre as mulheres têm sido vários. O objectivo deste trabalho foi em primeiro lugar caracterizar o papel da mulher no desenvolvimento rural, identificando as suas funções, as principais abordagens utilizadas e a sua situação perante o...

Gender Impacts of U.S. Immigration Policies

Palavras-chave: Género; Direitos à terra; Desenvolvimento rural; Timor-Leste; Gender; Land rights; Rural development; East Timor; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108612

Richter, Susan M.; Taylor, J. Edward; Yunez-Naude, Antonio.

Using Mexican survey data, a dynamic econometric model is estimated to test the effect of IRCA, NAFTA and border control expenditures on the flow of female and male migrant farm and non-farm labor from rural Mexico to the United States. We test for differential effects on male and female migration.

LABOR MARKET LIBERALIZATION, EMPLOYMENT AND GENDER IN RURAL CHINA

Palavras-chave: NAFTA; IRCA; Migration Networks; Gender; Immigration Policies; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19403

Zhang, Linxiu; de Brauw, Alan; Rozelle, Scott.

The major objective of this paper is to discuss the development of rural labor markets in China during the past two decades and understand how it has affected women. Using household survey data that we collected in 2001, we examine the role of women in labor markets by examining employment and migration trends and changes in wages. According to the data of our nearly national representative sample, we find that there has been a sharp overall increase in off-farm participation, most of the increase has been driven by young migrants, and women, especially those in the youngest cohorts, have participated at rates equaling or surpassing those of their male counterparts. We also find that the wages of women have not been adversely affected by the emergence...

Treadle pump irrigation and poverty in Ghana

Palavras-chave: China; Labor market liberalization; Employment; Wages; Gender; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25932

Adeoti, Adetola I.; Barry, Boubacar; Namara, Regassa E.; Kamara, Abdul B.; Titiati, Atsu.

Treadle pump (TP) technology has been promoted by Enterprise Works Worldwide (EWW) as an alternative to the traditional rope and bucket irrigation that is necessary to overcome the challenge of uncertain and inadequate rainfall for agricultural production. The aim is to improve output, increase incomes and reduce poverty among farm households. This study examines the strategies used for dissemination of the TP and the dynamics of its adoption and impacts, with a special focus on poverty reduction. The results of the study reveal that time and labor savings for irrigation, increased size of irrigated areas and lack of fuel requirements are the attractive features of the TP for those who adopt it. Adoption of TP increases land and labor productivities; and...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Manual pumps; Irrigation systems; Water lifting; Poverty; Farm income; Gender; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44520

Assessing the outcomes of IWMI’s research and interventions on irrigation management transfer

Giordano, Meredith A.; Samad, Madar; Namara, Regassa E..

The purpose of this paper is to summarize IIMI/IWMI's past research and interventions related to irrigation management transfer and to document, to the extent possible, the academic, policy, and technical outcomes of these efforts. The application of a range of direct and indirect measurement techniques suggests an overall positive contribution from IWMI to IMT theory and application.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Participatory management; Privatization; Water users associations; Farmers associations; Gender; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Financial Economics.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44524

Empowerment through technology: Gender dimensions of social capital build-up in Maharashtra, India

Padmaja, Ravula; Bantilan, Ma Cynthia S..

This paper explores how and to what extent women and men have benefited from the build-up of social capital in technology uptake, and the role of women in this process. Using a case study on Groundnut Production Technology (GPT) in Maharashtra, India, a systematic documentation of the process by which farmers – both men and women - as well as the whole community became empowered through the build-up of social capital is presented. The focus of the paper is on collective action as a mechanism to stimulate gender-equitable change processes. Our evidence suggests that the technology uptake process was enhanced with the build up of social capital, whereby men and women from all class and caste groups came together for improving their livelihoods. Collective...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Social capital build-up; Gender; Impact; Social networks; Empowerment.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47666

Differences in Preferences Towards the Environment: The Impact of a Gender, Age and Parental Effect

Torgler, Benno; Valinas, Maria A. Garcia; Macintyre, Alison.

The paper investigates empirically the differences in preferences towards protection of the environment. Using seven different dependent variables to focus on the impact of age, gender and children we use a large micro data set covering data from 33 Western and Eastern European countries. The results indicate that women have both a stronger preference towards the environment and a stronger willingness to contribute. Moreover, we observe the tendency of a negative correlation between age and environmental preferences. However, a positive effect is visible once we focus on the impact of age on social norms (environmental morale). Finally, we were not able to observe that having children is positively correlated with a stronger preference towards the...

Gender and irrigation in India: the Women's Irrigation Group of Jambar, South Gujarat

Palavras-chave: Environmental Preferences; Environmental Morale; Gender; Age; Children; H260; H730; D640.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6371

van Koppen, Barbara; Nagar, Rashmi K.; Vasavada, Shilpa.

Documents a "best practice" - a successful gender-balanced irrigation intervention in which women were given control over an irrigation technology. The study evaluates the approach taken by the implementing NGO, the Aga Khan Rural Support Programme, in terms of its replicability in other areas where women share in farm activities and decision making.

Initiatives For Rural Development Through Collective Action : The Case of Household Participation in Group Activities in the Highlands of Central Kenya

Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Women in development; Gender; Female labor; Agricultural credit; Decision making; Irrigation programs; Rain-fed farming; Institution building; Pumping; India; South Gujarat; Bharuck; Jambar; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53073

Kariuki, Gatarwa; Place, Frank.

Dimensions of the nature, scope, and complexity of collective action in Kenya have evolved over many years. In studying collective action, the aim is to understand why and how people participate in networks of trust. The purpose of this study was to investigate the different objectives that farmers pursue through collective action with the aim of understanding the patterns of people’s participation in collective action, identify factors that influence people to join groups, and identify the costs and benefits of participating in activities of groups. The study was carried out in four sites spread across the highlands of central Kenya. Data was collected from a total of 442 households, focusing on whether members of those households belonged to groups and...

Gender Issue and Water Management in the Mediterranean Basin, Middle East and North Africa

Palavras-chave: Collective action; Kenya; Groups; Gender; Assets; Institutions; Community/Rural/Urban Development.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42487

Minoia, Giulia.

This article aims to investigate some aspects of the social process related to water resources management and gender relations. Given that gender and water management are interrelated issues exposed to a growing attention at the international level, it is therefore necessary to identify relations between the academic literature, the institutional framework and the field-based research. This document has been inspired by the Nostrum DSS project (Network on Governance, Science and Technology for Sustainable Water Resources Management in the Mediterranean), a Co-ordination Action funded by the European Commission, which involves eighteen partners from the North and South shores of the basin. As the scope of the project is to disseminate Best Practice...

Scaling up Kudumbashree--collective action for poverty alleviation and women's empowerment

Palavras-chave: Irrigation; Gender; Regional Development Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; J16; Z13.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9556

Kadiyala, Suneetha.

This paper discusses the factors that enabled and constrained the scaling up of a multisectoral poverty alleviation program called Kudumbashree, initiated by the government of Kerala (GOK), India, in 1998 to eradicate poverty by 2008. It also discusses some potential threats to and trade-offs of scaling up Kudumbashree. This report draws primarily upon the available literature and qualitative data collected during a five-day visit to Kudumbashree in March 2003. In 1991, the GOK, along with UNICEF, initiated the Community-Based Nutrition Program (CBNP) in Alleppey town to improve the health and nutritional status of children and women. CBNP facilitated collective action by forming and developing the capacity of three-tiered community development societies...

Gender analysis and reform of irrigation management: concepts, cases, and gaps in knowledge; Proceedings of the Workshop of Gender and Water, 15-19 September 1997, Habarana, Sri Lanka

Palavras-chave: Scaling up; Collective action; Poverty alleviation; Women; Empowerment; Community-driven development (CDD); Government policy; Gender; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60400

Unpacking the Links Between Women's Empowerment and Child Nutrition Evidence Using Nationally Representative Data From Bangladesh

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Gender; Privatization; Irrigation management; Women in development; Property rights; Water scarcity; Developing countries; Agricultural production; Water resources; Water rights; Poverty; Policy; Economic aspects; Land tenure; Legislation; Rice; Water users' associations; Irrigated farming; Planning; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118416

Bhagowalia, Priya; Menon, Purnima; Quisumbing, Agnes R.; Soundararajan, Vidhya.

This paper examines the relationship between gender inequality and nutrition using direct indicators of empowerment such as mobility, decision-making power, and attitudes towards verbal and physical abuse. Our approach draws on the theory of the household as a utility maximizing unit that uses women’s status and characteristics as inputs to produce a final good, child health. Indices that capture distinct dimensions of women’s empowerment are used as explanatory variables along with controls for age and sex of the child, maternal height and education. Results from Logit models indicate that a greater degree of women’s empowerment is associated with better long term nutritional status of children. Attitudes towards domestic violence have a significant...

Free-riders or victims: Women's nonparticipation in irrigation management in Nepal's Chhattis Mauja Irrigation Scheme.

Palavras-chave: Malnutrition; Gender; Domestic violence; Empowerment; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61273

Zwarteveen, Margreet Z.; Neupane, Nita.

Examines multiple factors in women's involvement/non-involvement in irrigation in the Chhattis Mauja irrigation scheme in Nepal. Includes an empirical analysis of the livelihood strategies of farm households, documentation of the level and nature of participation of women and men in the water users' organizations, analysis of women's access to irrigation services, and an examination of the need and desirability of increasing the participation of woman in the scheme organization.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Farmer-managed irrigation systems; Irrigation programs; Privatization; Water users' associations; Irrigated farming; Irrigation canals; Water delivery; Water allocation; Water distribution; Maintenance; Gender; Women in development; Farmers; Female labor; Agricultural manpower; Households; Family labor; Living standards; Social aspects; Agricultural production; Villages; Social organization; Performance evaluation; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics.

Ano: 1996

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52731

Are there customary rights to plants? An inquiry among the Baganda (Uganda), with special attention to gender

Howard, Patricia L.; Nabanoga, Gorettie.

Debates around Common Property Resources and Intellectual Property Rights fail to consider traditional and indigenous rights regimes that regulate plant resource exploitation, establish bundles of powers and obligations for heterogeneous groups of users, and create differential entitlements to benefits that are related to social structures. Such rights regimes are important to maintaining biodiversity and to human welfare; failing to recognize them presents dangers. The case study investigates the gendered nature of informal rights to selected tree and plant species that are distinct from, but related to, customary rights to land and trees, and are embedded in cosmology and social norms.