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Registros recuperados: 131
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Minimizing the negative environmental and health impacts of agricultural water resources development in Sub-Saharan Africa AgEcon
McCartney, Matthew P.; Boelee, Eline; Cofie, Olufunke O.; Mutero, Clifford M..
This paper provides a synopsis of environmental and health impacts arising from agricultural water development in sub-Saharan Africa and recommends ways to increase the sustainability of investments in irrigation by giving greater prominence to health and environmental concerns. In many places in the region, irrigation is a key means of enhancing agricultural productivity that can reduce poverty and improve livelihoods. However, failure to adequately foresee, plan and manage the negative environmental and health impacts arising from irrigation undermines the sustainability of many schemes and can worsen poverty. To improve sustainability, environmental and health issues must be at the core of future irrigation development with much greater emphasis on the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Water resources development; Irrigation management; Investment; Environmental effects; Public health; Risk management; Environmental Economics and Policy; Health Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91873
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BENEFICIAMENTO DE SEMENTES DE SOJA NO MATO GROSSO: UM ESTUDO DE VIABILIDADE FINANCEIRA E DE RISCOS ASSOCIADOS AgEcon
Lazzarotto, Joelsio Jose; Reis, Bricio dos Santos.
A utilização de sementes de alta qualidade é fundamental para que os sistemas de produção de soja apresentem adequados resultados técnicos e econômicos. No entanto, para que esses insumos sejam ofertados com alta qualidade, em geral, são necessários expressivos investimentos. Assim, buscou-se verificar se a implantação de uma unidade de beneficiamento de sementes (UBS) de soja no Estado do Mato Grosso constitui, no longo prazo, alternativa financeiramente viável. Para tanto, com base em um horizonte de planejamento de 10 anos de operação da UBS, com capacidade instalada anual de 500 mil sacas de sementes, foram elaborados os fluxos de caixa e calculados alguns indicadores financeiros (sob condições determinísticas e de riscos), como o valor presente...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Avaliação de projetos; Investimento; Probabilidades; Risco; Project evaluation; Investment; Probabilities; Risk; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103147
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Taxes Versus Quantities for a Stock Pollutant with Endogenous Abatement Costs and Asymmetric Information AgEcon
Karp, Larry S.; Zhang, Jiangfeng.
Non-strategic firms with rational expectations make investment and emissions decisions. The investment rule depends on firms’ beliefs about future emissions policies. We compare emissions taxes and quotas when the (strategic) regulator and (nonstrategic) firms have asymmetric information about abatement costs, and all agents use Markov Perfect decision rules. Emissions taxes create a secondary distortion at the investment stage, unless a particular condition holds; emissions quotas do not create a secondary distortion. We solve a linear-quadratic model calibrated to represent the problem of controlling greenhouse gasses. The endogeneity of abatement capital favors taxes, and it increases abatement.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation Palavras-chave: Pollution control; Investment; Asymmetric information; Rational expectations; Choice of instruments; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C61; D8; H21; Q28.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42877
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Farmer investment into biosecurity on broiler and layer farms in Bali AgEcon
Ambarawati, I Gusti Agung Ayu; Prasetyo, Bugie Kurnianto; Patrick, Ian.
This paper measures the cost of implementing biosecurity on broiler and layer farms in Bali. Farmer investment in biosecurity is analysed to determine if there is any difference in the implementation of biosecurity between broiler and layer farms. Data is taken from a survey of 60 layer and 60 broiler smallholder farmers in Bali in 2009. While secure boundary fencing and farm gate locks are more common on layer farms, broiler producers are more likely to have a footbaths at the shed door. In this analysis, biosecurity investments include the quality of fencing and gates, presence of locks on gates, management changes required to minimise staff and visitor movement onto and in the farm, costs of minimising vehicle entry, use of vaccination and disinfectant,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Biosecurity; Poultry; Investment; Bali; Farm Management.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100530
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Machinery Investment in Illinois: A Study Examining Existing Investment Motivations AgEcon
Micheels, Eric T.; Katchova, Ani L.; Barry, Peter J..
In this study, we attempt to prove some previously held ideas of machinery investment decisions using farm level data from Illinois. Investment decisions are analyzed taking into consideration past investment decisions in the county and on the individual farm. The results show there is a correlation between county level purchases and individual farm purchases and investment levels decrease the following year after an initial investment. These results display how non-traditional drivers for investment also play an important role in the investment decision.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Machinery; Investment; Keeping up with the Jones'; Treadmill theory; Farm Management.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20374
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Optimal Timing of Farmland Investment - An Experimental Study on Farmers' Decision Behavior - AgEcon
Maart, Syster Christin; Musshoff, Oliver.
Replaced with revised version of paper 5/26/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Experimental Economics; Investment; Real Options; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; C91; D81; D92.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103693
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ALBERTA’S EXPORT EXPERIENCE UNDER FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS: 1988 - 2007 AgEcon
Mirus, Rolf; Tanerguclu, Hande.
The international involvement of Alberta-based businesses covers trade in goods, trade in services, and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), both inward and outward. Increasingly FDI is linked to trade in goods and services. Indeed, the export of services like consulting or construction engineering tends to involve the setting up of supporting facilities abroad (outward FDI), and exports of goods frequently necessitate the provision of maintenance services in their wake, either across the border or through an office abroad. Data on outward FDI by Alberta-based firms are not available, nor are data on exports of services by province of origin. Therefore an analysis of what has been happening to Alberta’s international commercial relations is of necessity...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Alberta; NAFTA; FTA; Free trade agreement; Free trade; Imports; Exports; Mexico; United States; Israel; Chile; Costa Rica; Energy sector; FDI; Investment; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60431
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Investing In African Agriculture to Halve Poverty By 2015 AgEcon
Fan, Shenggen; Johnson, Michael; Saurkar, Anuja; Makombe, Tsitsi.
This paper proposes a simple methodology to estimate the agricultural spending that will be required to achieve the Millennium Development Goal of halving poverty by 2015 (MDG1) in 30 sub-Saharan African countries. This method uses growth-poverty and growth-expenditure elasticities to estimate the financial resources required to meet the MDG1, considering both the direct and indirect impacts of agricultural spending on poverty reduction. The paper attempts to address a key knowledge gap by improving estimation of MDG costs at both the regional and country levels.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Poverty; Millennium Development Goals; Investment; Sub-Saharan Africa; Agriculture; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42807
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Access to Credit, Factor Allocation and Farm Productivity: Evidence From the CEE Transition Economies AgEcon
Ciaian, Pavel; Falkowski, Jan; Kancs, d'Artis.
This paper analyses how farm access to credit affects farm input allocation and farm efficiency in the CEE countries. Drawing on a unique farm level panel data with 37,409 observations and employing a matching estimator we are able to control for the key source of endogeneity – unoberserved heterogeneity. We find that farms are credit constrained both in the short-run as well as in the long-run, but that credit constraint is asymmetric between inputs. Our estimates suggest that farm access to credit increases TFP up to 1.9% per 1000 EUR of additional credit. The use of variable inputs and capital investment increases up to 2.3% and 29%, respectively, per 1000 EUR of additional credit. Due to credit-financed investment in labour-saving farm equipment,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Access to credit; Investment; Factor allocation; Productivity; Transition countries; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Q12; P14.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61347
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Public Goods, Hysteresis, and Underinvestment in Food Safety AgEcon
Richards, Timothy J.; Nganje, William E.; Acharya, Ram N..
Despite the economic damage inflicted by a foodborne disease outbreak, firms at all points in the supply chain appear to be reluctant to invest in the necessary food safety technologies and practices. We argue that these investments are subject to both hysteretic and public good effects, and construct a theoretical model of food safety investment, calibrated to describe the 2006 E. coli outbreak in California spinach. Both effects are found to induce delays in food safety investments, but the public good effect dominates. We suggest a number of policy options that improve incentives to contribute to the public good.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Food safety; Hysteresis; Investment; Public goods; Real options; Simulation; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57627
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Intersectoral management of river basins; Proceedings of an International Workshop on "Integrated Water Management in Water-Stressed River Basins in Developing Countries: Strategies for Poverty Alleviation and Agricultural Growth," Loskop Dam, South Africa, 16-21 October 2000 AgEcon
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Water management; River basins; Watercourses; Poverty; Agricultural development; Developing countries; Water policy; Water use efficiency; Political aspects; Water allocation; User charges; Privatization; Water users' associations; Water scarcity; Investment; Financing; Institutional constraints; Water law; Gender; Social aspects; Conflict; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118386
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FREE TRADE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH RESOURCES OF IRAN AGRICULTURE AgEcon
Koshteh, M.H. Karim; Karbasi, Ali Reza.
Free trading is considered as index of global economy and factor economic growth in many countries. In this study along with recognition of growth resources, those factors such as surplus value, Labour, capital, energy, government planning and expenditure which playing the main role in economic growth has been identified and analyzed. Also, international trade index impact along with other effective factors on surplus value are considered and estimated. The results show that Labour and energy are the most effective inputs on surplus value respectively. Then supposing that the sector experienced a productive agronomic year and supporting that Iran country was committed to a free trading framework, the relationships between various related variables were...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Free trading; Agriculture; Investment; Labour; Energy.; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25927
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Investment of Slovenian farms in the transition context AgEcon
Bojnec, Stefan; Latruffe, Laure.
This paper investigates the investment decisions of Slovenian farms during the transition and adjustment period to European Union (EU) membership and in particular whether these decisions were constrained by financing availability. Results from a standard and an augmented accelerator models indicate that farms’ investment decisions was based on market opportunities during the period 1994-2003, but that the decisions were constrained by financing availability.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Farms; Investment; Accelerator model; Financial constraint; Slovenia.; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7827
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“Bright spots” in Uzbekistan, reversing land and water degradation while improving livelihoods: Key developments and sustaining ingredients for transition economies of the former Soviet Union AgEcon
Noble, Andrew D.; Ul Hassan, Mehmood; Kazbekov, Jusipbek.
Following the dissolution of the former Soviet Union and the collapse of existing trade arrangements, the newly independent states of Central Asia were left with the task of developing their own independent market economies. The region has undergone tremendous economic and social changes including significant agricultural reform mainly targeted at privatizing large collective farms that were established during the Soviet era. These reforms include the establishment of smaller private and cooperative farms in order to improve the efficiency and equity of existing production systems. Within Uzbekistan, this move to privatize farms has, in the majority of cases, led to declining productivity and net incomes. However, there have been instances where privatized...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Irrigated farming; Water quality; Drainage; Soil fertility; Crop yield; Investment; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Financial Economics; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44541
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How Costly are (Agricultural) Investments during Economic Transition? A Critical Literature Appraisal AgEcon
Zinych, Nataliya; Odening, Martin.
Investment theory
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Investment; Transition; Credit constraints; Soft budget constraints; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics; O16; Q14; P23.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50319
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IMPACTS OF FINANCIAL CHARACTERISTICS AND THE BOOM-BUST CYCLE ON THE FARM INVENTORY-CASH FLOW RELATIONSHIP AgEcon
Bierlen, Ralph W.; Ahrendsen, Bruce L.; Dixon, Bruce L..
The sensitivity of farm inventory investment to movements in cash flow is tested. Inventories should be sensitive to shifts in cash flow because inventory investment is readily reversible and inventories are a significant portion of assets. Investment models estimated with Kansas farm panel data indicate that: (a) farms absorb internal finance shocks by adjusting inventories, (b) the inventory investment of livestock and high-debt farms are more sensitive to movements in cash flow than crop and low-debt farms, and (c) inventory investment is more sensitive to cash flow during the 1981-86 bust and the 1987-92 recovery than during the 1975-80 boom.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Cash flow; Credit constraints; Farm cycles; Farm inventories; Investment; Investment models; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15560
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Financial constraints in economic transition: Empirical evidence from Ukrainian large farms AgEcon
Zinych, Nataliya; Odening, Martin; Huettel, Silke.
This paper addresses the question of financial constraints in Ukrainian agriculture in transition. The main objective is to reveal the evidence of the both phenomena, soft budget constraints and credit rationing, investigating investment behaviour of large farms in Ukraine. Our empirical analysis is based on unbalanced panel data containing 529 agricultural enterprises from three Ukrainian regions between 2001 and 2005. Estimates of the Euler investment equation for several sub-samples reveal a dissimilar level of financial constraints. We confirm the presence of the soft financial environment (soft budget constraints) for the Ukrainian large farms being in an unconstrained financial regime. The farms belong to this regime if they receive credits after...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Transition agriculture; Investment; Soft budget constraints; Credit rationing; Ukraine; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7834
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The trend and financing of investment at the macro level in Uganda: The implications for sustainable growth AgEcon
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Investment; Capital flows; Trade finance; EPRC; Agribusiness; Financial Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Marketing.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93815
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Short and Long Run Determinants of Private Investment in Argentina AgEcon
Acosta, Pablo; Loza, Andres.
This study provides an empirical analysis of the macroeconomic factors that can potentially affect investment decisions in Argentina in a short, medium and long run perspective. Both the theory and the empirical literature are reviewed in order to identify a private investment function for the last three decades (1970-2000). The results suggest that investment decisions seem to be determined, in the short run, by shocks in returns (exchange rate, trade liberalization) and in aggregate demand. Besides, there is evidence of a “crowding-out” effect of public investment. In the long run, the capital accumulation path seems to be closely dependent on both well-developed financial and credit markets and on perspectives of fiscal sustainability.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Investment; Macroeconomic instability; Crowding-out; Argentina; E22; H54; O16; O23.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37161
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Adjustment is Much Slower than You Think AgEcon
Caballero, Ricardo J.; Engel, Eduardo M.R.A..
In most instances, the dynamic response of monetary and other policies to shocks is infrequent and lumpy. The same holds for the microeconomic response of some of the most important economic variables, such as investment, labor demand, and prices. We show that the standard practice of estimating the speed of adjustment of such variables with partial-adjustment ARMA procedures substantially overestimates this speed. For example, for the target federal funds rate, we find that the actual response to shocks is less than half as fast as the estimated response. For investment, labor demand and prices, the speed of adjustment inferred from aggregates of a small number of agents is likely to be close to instantaneous. While aggregating across microeconomic units...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Speed of adjustment; Discrete adjustment; Lumpy adjustment; Aggregation; Calvo model; ARMA process; Partial adjustment; Expected response time; Monetary policy; Investment; Labor demand; Sticky prices; Idiosyncratic shocks; Impulse response function; Wold representation; Time-to-build; Financial Economics; C22; C43; D2; E2; E5.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28419
Registros recuperados: 131
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