SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Merchant, Henry C.; Khan, Ritindra N.; Knowlton, Robert E..

Effects of three different macrophytic covers and the presence of alternative prey on survival of grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio and P. vulgaris) subjected to predation by killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) were studied in the laboratory. Overall, survival of P. vulgaris was significantly greater (82%) than that of P. pugio (70%). This difference in survival was attributed to the greater tendency of P. pugio to swim outside the covers, making it more vulnerable to predation. Both prey species responded similarly to the different cover conditions. Survival without cover (gravel substrate) was 48%. In cover provided by a plastic plant made to resemble Ambulia, 75% of the starting population survived. In cover furnished by field-collected specimens of the...

Predation by Gecarcoidea lalandii (Crustacea, Gecarcinidae) on dextral and sinistral Amphidromus inversus (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Camaenidae)

Palavras-chave: Palaemonetes; Predation; Macrophytic cover; Survivorship.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/534315

Sipman, Iris.

The tropical tree snails of the subgenus Amphidromus s.str. receive much attention from researchers because populations consist of roughly equal proportions of dextral and sinistral individuals. Studies indicate that this stable genetic antisymmetry is maintained because of disassortative mating. Deviations of the theoretically expected 50:50 proportion have, however, been frequently reported. An explanation for this deviation could be modulation by chirally biased predation. On the island of Kapas, Malaysia, seventeen individuals of Gecarcoidea lalandii, a nocturnal terrestrial crab, were caught and housed with live Amphidromus inversus. A low level of predation by the crab on the snails was found. However, there is no reason to assume that...

Recognizing cephalopod boreholes in shells and the northward spread of Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 (Cephalopoda, Octopodoidea)

Palavras-chave: Amphidromus inversus; Gecarcoidea lalandii; Left-right asymmetry; Predation; Chiral proportions.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/588035

Hiemstra, Auke-Florian.

Octopuses prey on molluscs by boring through their shell. Among the regular naticid borings, traces of cephalopod predation should be found soon on Dutch beaches. Bottom trawling has declined, and by the effects of global warming Octopus will find its way back to the North Sea where it lived before. I describe the distinguishing characters for Octopus bore holes, give an introduction into this type of behaviour, present a short history of Dutch octopuses and a prediction of their future.

Mecistocephalidae), with the description of a new species with unusually elongate denticles

Palavras-chave: Cephalopods; Octopus; Predation; Hole-boring; The Netherlands.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/588033

Bonato, L.; Minelli, A..

As a contribution to investigate the interspecific diversity in the large genus Mecistocephalus Newport, 1843 with respect to these centipedes’ predatorial role in soil tropical communities, we compared the patterns of maxillipede denticles in 32 species of the genus, and studied all published relevant information. All Mecistocephalus species share a conservative pattern of six distinct denticles on the mesal side of the four articles of each maxillipede. Current views on centipede phylogeny suggest that the basic pattern in Mecistocephalus originated from an ancestral array of fewer denticles, by addition of other denticles on the first and fourth articles of the maxillipede. These patterns are not affected by sexual dimorphism, and intraspecific...

Predatory Poiretia (Stylommatophora, Oleacinidae) snails: histology and observations

Palavras-chave: Chilopoda; Functional morphology; Geophilomorpha; Maxillipede; Mecistocephalus; Mecistocephalus megalodon n. sp.; Predation; 42.74.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/315810

Helwerda, Renate A..

The predatory behaviour of Poiretia snails is studied. One aspect of this behaviour is the ability to make holes in the shells of prey snails. The radula and the histology of the mucous glands support the assumption that Poiretia secretes acidic mucus to produce these holes. Observation of a Poiretia compressa (Mousson, 1859) specimen yielded the insight that its activities relied on the availability of moisture and not on light conditions. It preyed on a wide range of snail species, but only produced holes in shells when the aperture was blocked. It usually stabbed its prey with a quick motion of the radula. The time it spent feeding on a prey specimen is most likely correlated to prey size.

Coexistence of surface and cave amphipods in an ecotone environment

Palavras-chave: Predation; Predatorysnails; Drilling holes; Radula; Pedal gland; Sole gland; Acidic mucus.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/588032

Luštrik, R.; Turjak, M.; Kralj-Fišer, S.; Fišer, C..

Interspecific interactions between surface and subterranean species may be a key determinant for species distributions. Until now, the existence of competition (including predation) between these groups has not been tested. To assess the coexistence and potential role of interspecific interactions between surface Gammarus fossarum and subterranean Niphargus timavi, and to determine their micro distributions, we conducted a series of field and laboratory observations. We aimed to determine: (1) species substrate preference, (2) whether the presence of G. fossarum influences the habitat choice of N. timavi, and (3) possible predation effects on micro habitat choice of small juveniles. Throughout a small river in SW Slovenia, N. timavi was predominantly found...

Fossil predation: did some clavilithine fasciolariid gastropods employ valve-wedging to feed on bivalves?

Palavras-chave: Amphipoda; Cannibalism; Competition; Ecotone; Microhabitat preference; Predation; 42.74.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/377199

Vermeij, Geerat J..

Several gastropods, including members of the Busyconinae, wedge or chip bivalve prey by inserting the outer lip between the valves. This habit, which is associated with an abapically downwardly convex outer lip, often results in breakage and subsequent repair of the lip. I tested the hypothesis that convex-lipped clavilithines from the Eocene of France and the Neogene of Indonesia had higher frequencies of repair than their straight-lipped counterparts. Although this prediction was verified, frequencies of repair are low (0 to 0.19) compared to those of busyconines, indicating either that prey bivalves were small or that the predators are smaller than most busyconines.

Occurrence of Toxorhynchites guadeloupensis (Dyar & Knab) in oviposition trap of Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae)

Palavras-chave: Gastropoda; Clavilithes; Bivalvia; Predation; Outer lip.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/588037

Neotropical Entomology

Honório,Nildimar A.; Barros,Fábio S.M. de; Tsouris,Pantelis; Rosa-Freitas,Maria G..

Toxorhynchites guadeloupensis (Dyar & Knab), a poorly known mosquito species, was observed preying upon Aedes aegypti (L.) larvae, in an oviposition trap placed for routine dengue entomological surveillance, during 2003-2004 in the urban area of Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. This is the first report for Tx. guadeloupensis using Ae. aegypti oviposition traps as breeding places. This finding may have important consequences in the epidemiology and local dengue control since Ae. aegypti density is a basic variable in dengue prediction. Whether predation of Ae aegypti by Tx. guadeloupensis in the Amazon is of significance, is a question to be examined. Also, larval predation may be a cause for underestimation of the actual Ae aegypti numbers. Together...

Importance of larval migration (dispersal) for the survival of Ascia monuste (Godart) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Palavras-chave: Predation; Dengue; Prediction; Control; Immature form.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2007000500025

Neotropical Entomology

Barros-Bellanda,Helen C.H.; Zucoloto,Fernando S..

Insect species whose larvae have high mobility, such as Ascia monuste (Godart), show a poor discriminatory oviposition behavior with respect to the quantity of food. Such behavior in A. monuste is influenced positively by the spatial and temporal abundance of kale (Brassica oleracea Var. acephala), its main host, in nature. A. monuste caterpillars frequently migrate in search of food to complete their development and even smaller larval clusters at about 20 individuals are not supported by the resources provided by a medium-size kale plant. Migration (dispersal) of 5th-instar larvae was necessary both in groups feeding on plants confined in cages and on plants growing in nature, and migration was successful when the plants were close to one another. The...

Wolbachia screening in spiders and assessment of horizontal transmission between predator and prey

Palavras-chave: Brassica oleracea; Egg-cluster; Larval group; Oviposition behavior; Predation.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2003000100002

Neotropical Entomology

Yun,Y; Peng,Y; Liu,FX; Lei,C.

Recent studies have revealed that the prevalence of Wolbachia in arthropods is attributable not only to its vertical transmission, but also to its horizontal transfer. In order to assess the horizontal transmission of Wolbachia between predator and prey, arthropods belonging to 11 spider families and six insect families were collected in the same field of rice. The distribution of Wolbachia in these arthropods was detected by diagnostic PCR amplification of the wsp (Wolbachia outer surface protein gene) and 16S rDNA genes. Nurscia albofasciata Strand (Araneae: Titanoecidae), Propylea japonica Thunberg (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Paederus fuscipes Curtis (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), and Nilaparvata lugens Stal (Homoptera: Delphacidae) were infected with...

Hunting tactics of the lemon shark, Negaprion brevirostris, in shallow waters of an oceanic insular area in the western equatorial Atlantic

Palavras-chave: Insect; Predation; Phylogenetics.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2011000200002

Garla,Ricardo C.; Gadig,Otto B. F.; Garcia Junior,José; Veras,Leonardo B.; Garrone-Neto,Domingos.

ABSTRACT The hunting tactics of lemon sharks, Negaprion brevirostris, are described from underwater and cliff-top observations in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, western equatorial Atlantic, Brazil. Two main tactics were observed in the shallow waters of sandy beaches and reefs environments: (i) “substrate inspection” of crevices and holes over rocky and reef bottoms, and (ii) “sardine blitz”, which refer to striking schools of fishes (mainly sardines) in the surf zone. The first tactic was restricted to juveniles up to 2 m of total length, whereas subadult and adult sharks with total length larger than 2 m displayed the second. As lemon sharks use waters less than 5 m depth to hunt, perform social behaviours and predator avoidance, results highlight...

Spatio-temporal segregation and size distribution of fish assemblages as related to non-native species occurrence in the middle rio Doce Valley, MG, Brazil

Palavras-chave: Carcharhinidae; Elasmobranch; Foraging Behaviour; Predation; Predator-prey Interactions.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252017000100206

Giacomini,Henrique Corrêa; Lima Jr.,Dilermando Pereira; Latini,Anderson Oliveira; Espírito-Santo,Helder Mateus Viana.

The lakes in the middle rio Doce Valley (MG) are suffering impacts due to the introduction of invasive fish species, mainly piscivorous species like red piranha Pygocentrus nattereri and peacock bass Cichla kelberi. Fishes were collected in bimonthly samples conducted at ten lakes along a year. The present study showed that the composition of native fish assemblages is significantly related to the presence and type of non-native species. Fish species distribution among lakes can be explained by differences in species body size: smaller native species are less concentrated in lakes with invasive piscivores, which is in accordance with the hypothesis that they have greater susceptibility to predation by invaders. Another probable cause for this correlation...

Foraging behavior interactions between the invasive Nile Tilapia (Cichliformes: Cichlidae) and three large native predators

Palavras-chave: Species invasions; Beta diversity; Metacommunity; Body size; Predation.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252011000100012

Birck,Tiago; Message,Hugo José; Baumgartner,Gilmar; Sebastien,Nyamien Yahaut; Baumgartner,Dirceu.

ABSTRACT The predator-prey relationships between juvenile Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and native fish species of the Paraná River basin, Brazil, were experimentally examined. Juveniles of O. niloticus were offered to three native predator species (Salminus brasiliensis, Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, and Brycon orbignyanus) in 2,000-L tanks with four levels of habitat complexity (0%, 50%, 100% and RD (rocks and driftwood)). Predator efficiency was more variable among species (S. brasiliensis consumed 86.6% of the prey, P. corruscans 22.5% and B. orbignyanus 18.3%) than among levels of habitat complexity, and S. brasiliensis was faster than the others in detecting and consuming the prey. The higher predatory efficiency observed for S. brasiliensis can...

Factors influencing Serrapinnus notomelas (Characiformes: Characidae) populations in upper Paraná river floodplain lagoons

Palavras-chave: Invasion; Management; Oreochromis niloticus; Predation; Prey.

Ano: 2019

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252019000300204

Piana,Pitágoras Augusto; Gomes,Luiz Carlos; Cortez,Elimaida Mayo.

Identification of variables that influence fish populations is one of the main challenges in ecology. To explore this, data were collected quarterly from February 2000 to November 2001 using seines, along the shore of four isolated lagoons of the upper Paraná River floodplain. Serrapinnus notomelas was selected to assess the effect of abiotic and biotic variables using indirect gradient analysis. Abiotic variables were summarized by principal components analysis (PCA) and then the scores of the axis retained for interpretation were correlated with abundances of S. notomelas. Variables that best explained S. notomelas abundance were surface area of the lagoon, total suspended solids and Secchi depth (these last two, indirectly linked to predation). The most...

Disruptive coloration and habitat use by seahorses

Palavras-chave: Population regulation; Abiotic variables; Competition; Predation.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252006000100008

Duarte,Michele; Gawryszewski,Felipe M.; Ramineli,Suzana; Bessa,Eduardo.

ABSTRACT Predation avoidance is a primary factor influencing survival. Therefore, any trait that affects the risk of predation, such as camouflage, is expected to be under selection pressure. Background matching (homochromy) limits habitat use, especially if the habitat is heterogeneous. Another camouflage mechanism is disruptive coloration, which reduces the probability of detection by masking the prey’s body contours. Here we evaluated if disruptive coloration in the longsnout seahorse, Hippocampus reidi, allows habitat use diversification. We analyzed 82 photographs of animals, comparing animal and background color, and registering anchorage substrate (holdfast). We tested whether the presence (disruptive coloration) or absence of bands (plain...

Comparison of fish assemblages in two littoral habitats in a Neotropical morichal stream in Venezuela

Palavras-chave: Camouflage; Hippocampus reidi; Predation; Syngnathidae.

Ano: 2019

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252019000500212

Montaña,Carmen G.; Layman,Craig A.; Taphorn,Donald C..

Morichales are lowland streams in South American savannas with riparian forest dominated by the moriche palm (Mauritia flexuosa). We sampled littoral habitats from ten flooded vegetated patches (dominated by Mauritiella aculeate) and six sand banks in two months of the dry season (Feb-Mar 2005) in a stream in the savannas of Apure State, Venezuela. We collected samples that compromised 12,407 individual fishes of 107 species. Small-bodied fishes (< 100 mm), representing diverse trophic and life history strategies, were abundant. The most abundant species were in the families Characidae and Cichlidae. Fish assemblages from flooded vegetated patches differed significantly from those on adjacent sand banks. High structural complexity along vegetated...

Feeding dynamics of Cichla kelberi Kullander & Ferreira, 2006 introduced into an artificial lake in southeastern Brazil

Palavras-chave: Food availability; Habitat complexity; Predation; Prey; Refugia.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252008000400005

Villares Junior,Gilberto Aparecido; Gomiero,Leandro Muller.

The objective of this study was to characterize the seasonally of the diet of Cichla kelberi in an artificial lake in Leme-SP, determining the food items and their relation to the sex and gonadal maturity of the fish sampled. The diet of C. kelberi presents a dynamic in three different periods: winter months were characterized by low feeding activity and a high concentration of undetermined fish; increase in feeding activity occurred in the spring, with Tilapia sp. being the dominant food item; and a high rate of cannibalism was observed in the summer and early fall. The plasticity in the composition of the diet was marked by quantity of prey available during the different periods of the year, and the reproductive period.

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other

Palavras-chave: Seasonality; Cannibalism; Predation; Competition.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252010000400011

Diet composition and feeding habits of the eyespot skate, Atlantoraja cyclophora (Elasmobranchii: Arhynchobatidae), off Uruguay and northern Argentina

Barbini,Santiago A.; Lucifora,Luis O..

ABSTRACT The eyespot skate, Atlantoraja cyclophora, is an endemic species from the southwestern Atlantic, occurring from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to northern Patagonia, Argentina. The feeding habits of this species, from off Uruguay and north Argentina, were evaluated using a multiple hypothesis modelling approach. In general, the diet was composed mainly of decapod crustaceans, followed by teleost fishes. Molluscs, mysidaceans, amphipods, isopods, lancelets and elasmobranchs were consumed in lower proportion. The consumption of shrimps drecreased with increasing body size of A. cyclophora. On the other hand, the consumption of teleosts increased with body size. Mature individuals preyed more heavily on crabs than immature individuals. Teleosts were...

Is coexistence between non-native and native Erythrinidae species mediated by niche differentiation or environmental filtering? A case study in the upper Paraná River floodplain

Palavras-chave: Chondrichthyes; Ontogenetic shifts; Predation; Southwest Atlantic.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252016000300214

Pereira,Larissa S.; Mise,Fábio T.; Tencatt,Luiz F. C.; Baumgartner,Matheus T.; Agostinho,Angelo A..

ABSTRACT The limiting similarity theory predicts that divergence in the functional traits of native and introduced species is an essential component in species establishment, as introduced species must occupy a niche that is unoccupied by resident species. On the other hand, the environmental filtering hypothesis predicts convergence between introduced and native species, as both possess traits that make them adapted to the local abiotic environment. Morphology, spatial co-occurrence, diet, feeding selectivity, and niche breadth and overlap of Erythrinidae were evaluated to detect possible mechanisms acting in the coexistence between non-native and native species. Native (Hoplias sp. B and Hoplias cf. malabaricus) and non-native (Hoplerythrinus...

Does the association of young fishes with jellyfishes protect from predation?A report on a failure case due to damage to the jellyfish

Palavras-chave: Competition; Co-occurrence; Fish feeding; Morphology; Predation.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252017000200218

Bonaldo,Roberta Martini; Krajewski,João Paulo; Sazima,Ivan.

The fish-jellyfish association is regarded as a temporary symbiosis believed to protect the fishes from predators. Here we report on juvenile scads (Trachurus lathami) associated with the jellyfish Chrysaora lactea, opportunistically preyed on by the grouper Mycteroperca acutirostris while the medusa was being damaged. The predation instances occurred when a couple of the filefish Stephanolepis hispidus approached the jellyfish to nibble on its umbrella. The feeding of the filefish caused a momentary disturbance of the defensive association, perceived and capitalised on by the watchful grouper, an opportunistic and versatile hunter. Before and after the disturbance, the protection offered to the young fish by the jellyfish showed to be effective, which...