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Registros recuperados: 479
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On the EU–U.S. Biodiesel ‘Splash & Dash' Controversy: Causes, Consequences and Policy Recommendations AgEcon
de Gorter, Harry; Drabik, Dusan; Just, David R..
Replaced with revised version of paper on 10/26/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Splash & dash; Biodiesel; Blender’s tax credit; Tax exemption; Trade; European Union; Unites States; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; Q17; Q27; Q42.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61425
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Agricultural Protection and Poverty in Indonesia: A General Equilibrium Analysis AgEcon
Warr, Peter G..
A general equilibrium modeling approach is used to estimate the effects within Indonesia of unilateral and global trade liberalization, including effects on poverty incidence. It is concluded that global reform of trade policy in all commodities is a significant potential source of poverty reduction for Indonesia. The poor – rural and urban – have a strong interest in global trade policy reform. If Indonesia were to liberalize unilaterally, poverty incidence also would decline but the effect is small. If liberalization is confined to agricultural products, the effects are similar but the declines in poverty incidence within Indonesia are much smaller.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52788
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Impact Of Greenhouse Gas Abatement Targets On Agricultural Activity AgEcon
Donnellan, Trevor; Gillespie, Patrick; Hanrahan, Kevin F..
As part of its continuing commitment to address the causes of climate change, the EU has agreed reduction targets for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to be achieved by 2020. In the case of Ireland the target is a reduction of 20 percent relative to the 2005 level. Agriculture is a major source of GHG emissions in Ireland, comprising 26.8 percent of total GHG emissions in 2007. Understanding the scale and cost of the decrease in agricultural production required to achieve this reduction in GHG emissions is particularly important, as is the comparison of the cost of this approach with a range of possible other means of achieving emissions reductions in the sector. This study finds that, even with reduced fertiliser usage and more extensive production...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Policy analysis; Partial equilibrium modelling; Baseline; Scenario analysis; GHG; Kyoto; Climate; Ireland; FAPRI; EU Gold Model; Abatements; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q11; Q17; Q18; Q54.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51050
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An Optimal Surveillance Measure Against Foot-and-Mouth Disease in the United States AgEcon
van Ha, Pham; Che, Tuong Nhu; Kompas, Tom.
Surveillance programs on farms and in the local environment provide an essential protection against the importation and spread of exotic diseases. Combined with border quarantine measures, these programs protect both consumers and producers from major health concerns and disease incursions that can potentially destroy local agricultural production and supporting industries, as well as generate substantial losses in trade and tourism. However, surveillance programs also impose costs in the form of expenditures on the surveillance program itself, along with the costs of disease management and eradication should an incursion occur. Taking border quarantine expenditures as given, this paper develops a stochastic optimal control model (with a jump-diffusion...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Surveillance measures; Border quarantine; Disease incursion and spread; Foot- and-Mouth disease; Stochastic optimal control; Livestock Production/Industries; Q1; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10354
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The Effect of Climate Change on Transportation Flows and Inland Waterways Due to Climate-Induced Shifts in Crop Production Patterns AgEcon
Attavanich, Witsanu; McCarl, Bruce A.; Fuller, Stephen W.; Vedenov, Dmitry V.; Ahmedov, Zafarbek.
This study was funded by the the University Transportation Center for Mobility, Texas Transportation Institute
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Grain Transportation; Climate change and agriculture; Climate change and transportation; Land use change; Supply of grain; Demand for grain; Crop production patterns; Inland waterways; Mississippi River Basin; Climate change adaptation; Welfare distribution; Corn transportation; Soybeans transportation; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; C61; L91; L92; Q15; Q17; Q54; R14; R41; R13.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109241
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Factor Content of Agricultural Trade AgEcon
Kancs, d'Artis; Ciaian, Pavel.
Replaced with revised version of paper 08/25/09.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Factor content; Heckscher-Ohlin; Factor abundance; Agricultural trade; International Relations/Trade; F12; F14; D23; Q12; Q17.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44458
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Increasing the United States Tariff-Rate Sugar Quota for Cuba and Mexico: A Partial-Equilibrium Simulation AgEcon
Petrolia, Daniel R.; Kennedy, P. Lynn.
Increases in the United States tariff-rate quota for sugar are simulated to determine the impact of Cuban market access and an increased Mexican allotment. The effects on both domestic and international sugar markets, including production, consumption, prices and trade, are determined and welfare effects identified. This analysis is carried out using a partial-equilibrium simplified world trade model, Modele International Simplifie de Simulation (MISS), which simulates, in a comparative-static framework, the effects of various policy actions.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Cuba; Mexico; Sugar; Tariff-rate quota; F13; F17; Q17.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43200
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Effects of Food Safety Standards on Seafood Exports to US, EU and Japan AgEcon
Nguyen, Anh Van Thi; Wilson, Norbert L.W..
Estimating the panel gravity model with bilateral pair and country-by-time fixed-effects separately for each seafood product, we found that food safety regulations have differential effects across seafood products. In all three industrialized markets, shrimp is most sensitive, while fish is the least sensitive to changing food safety policies. The enforcement of the US HACCP, the EU Minimum Required Performance Level and the Japanese Food Safety Basic Law caused a loss of 90.45%, 99.47%, and 99.97% to shrimp trade in these markets, and a reduction associated with fish trade was 66.71%, 82.83%, and 89.32%.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food safety; Seafood; International trade; Gravity model; HACCP; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade; C33; F13; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46758
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The Tariff Equivalent and Forgone Trade Effects of Prohibitive Technical Barriers to Trade AgEcon
Yue, Chengyan; Beghin, John C..
Replaced by revised version of paper 05/05/08. (Former title: How to Estimate a Technical Barrier to Trade When There Is No Trade)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Corner solution; Kuhn-Tucker model; New Zealand apples; NTB; TBT; Technical barrier to trade; Nontariff barrier; Prohibitive; Random utility; International Relations/Trade; F13; Q17.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10000
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Can virtual water 'trade' reduce water scarcity in semi-arid countries? The case of Spain AgEcon
Garrido, Alberto; Novo, Paula; Rodriguez Casado, Roberto; Varela-Ortega, Consuelo.
Agricultural trade is by far the largest vehicle to ‘move’ water virtually around the world. Observing that most countries import and export water embedded in the exchanged products, the objective of this study is to assess the virtual water ‘trade’ in Spain for the period 1997-2006. We differentiate between the green and blue components of virtual water from a hydrological and economic perspective. The combination of spatial and time dimensions offers a unique empirical setting to determine whether virtual water ‘trade’ can contribute to reduce water scarcity. The study reveals that Spain is a net ‘importer’ of virtual water. By far the largest virtual water ‘imports’ are linked to cereals and animal feed products whilst the virtual water ‘exports’ are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Virtual water ‘trade’; Farm trade; Water scarcity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q17; Q25; Q27; Q56.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51048
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Distortions to Global Agricultural Markets: What Next? AgEcon
Anderson, Kym.
A decline in governmental distortions to agricultural and other trade since the 1980s has contributed to economic growth and poverty alleviation globally. But new modeling results suggest that has taken the world only three-fifths of the way towards freeing merchandise trade, and that farm policies are responsible for 70 percent of the global welfare cost of remaining distortions to goods markets as of 2004. Meanwhile, new drivers are affecting the mean and variance of world prices of farm products, including biofuel mandates and subsidies, climate change mitigation policies and adaptation, water institution and policy developments, difficulties in concluding a multilateral Doha Round agricultural agreement at the WTO, and policies relating to transgenic...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; Asia-Pacific region; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59849
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Is There a Link between the Changing Skills of Labor Used in U.S. Processed Food Trade and Rural Employment? AgEcon
Schluter, Gerald E.; Lee, Chinkook.
Between the 1970s and the 1990s, processed food exports switched from using more skilled labor per unit of output than imports to the opposite. Processed food trade also expanded during this period. More meat and poultry products in processed food trade could explain this switch in skill intensity. Growing meat trade paralleled an urban-to-rural shift in meat processing. Although this could have been a win-win situation for rural areas, many of the jobs related to expanded meat trade benefited commuter and migrant workers because late-1990s jobs slaughtering livestock and processing meat did not appeal to domestic rural workers.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Consolidation in the meat industry; Factor content of trade; Input-output analysis; International meat trade; Processed food trade; Rural development; Rural labor demand; Skill intensity; C67; D24; F14; F16; J61; L66; O18; Q17; R15.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43465
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OPTIMAL GENERIC ADVERTISING IN AN IMPERFECTLY COMPETITIVE FOOD INDUSTRY WITH VARIABLE PROPORTIONS AgEcon
Kinnucan, Henry W..
This paper determines the impact of food industry market power on farmers' incentive to promote in a situation where funds for promotion are raised through a per-unit assessment on farm output and food industry technology is characterized by variable proportions. Specifically, building on earlier studies by Azzam and by Holloway, Muth's model is extended to consider the farm-level impacts of generic advertising when downstream firms possess oligopoly and/or oligopsony power and advertising expenditure is endogenous at the market level. Applying the model to the U.S. beef industry, we find that for plausible parameter values market power reduces farmers' incentive to promote. However, the disincentive is moderated by factor substitution, and effectively...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Dorfman-Steiner theorem; Generic advertising; Oligopoly power; Oligopsony power; Marketing; L66; Q13; Q17.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19775
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Liberalising EU Imports for Fruits and Vegetables AgEcon
Bunte, Frank H.J..
This paper quantifies the impact of abolishing EU import barriers with respect to fruits and vegetables for sixteen fruits and vegetables. The estimations made are based on HORTUS, a supply and demand model for fruits and vegetables developed at LEI. HORTUS models the production, consumption and bilateral trade in fruits and vegetables for all EU25-countries, Morocco, Turkey and the Rest of the World. The paper shows that trade liberalisation has a large impact on European fruit production and trade. EU fruit production and exports are likely to fall substantially. European vegetable production and exports are relatively sheltered and are likely to benefit from the decline in EU fruit production.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Trade liberalisation; Economic integration; Fruits and vegetables; International Relations/Trade; F15; F17; Q17.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24473
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Political Economy of Distortions to Agricultural Incentives: Introduction and Summary AgEcon
Anderson, Kym.
During the 1960s and 1970s most developing countries imposed anti-agricultural policies, while many high-income countries restricted agricultural imports and subsidized their farmers. Both sets of policies inhibited economic growth and poverty alleviation in developing countries, while doing little to assist small farmers in high-income countries. Since the 1980s, however, many developing countries began to reduce the anti-agricultural bias of sectoral policies, and from the early 1990s the European Union began to move away from price supports to more-direct forms of farm income payments. This paper summarizes a forthcoming book that seeks to explain this evolving pattern of distortions to incentives conceptually and econometrically by making use of new...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Political economy; Agricultural price and trade policies; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18; F59; H20; N50; O13.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50306
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Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Australia and New Zealand AgEcon
Anderson, Kym; Lattimore, Ralph G.; Lloyd, Peter J.; MacLaren, Donald.
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Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48387
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Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Sudan AgEcon
Faki, Hamid; Taha, Abdelmoneim.
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Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48520
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The Tariff Equivalent and Forgone Trade Effects of Prohibitive Technical Barriers to Trade AgEcon
Yue, Chengyan; Beghin, John C..
We derive a method to econometrically estimate the tariff equivalent and foregone trade effects of a prohibitive technical barrier to trade (TBT) based on Wales and Woodland’s Kuhn-Tucker approach to corner solutions in consumer choice. The method overcomes the lack of observed data on bilateral trade flows and accounts for differentiated goods by place of origin. We apply the derived random utility model to international trade in apples to identify the tariff equivalent of prohibitive nontariff trade barriers imposed by Australia on potential imports of New Zealand apples. We estimate the forgone apple trade between the two countries, the implied trade injury imposed by Australia on New Zealand, and the welfare loss to Australia. The removal of the TBTs...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Corner solution; Kuhn-Tucker model; New Zealand apples; Nontariff barrier; NTB; Prohibitive; Random utility; TBT; Technical barrier to trade; International Relations/Trade; F13; Q17.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7351
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Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in the Dominican Republic AgEcon
Santos, Jesus de los; Pena, Pedro Pablo.
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Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48393
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THE PRODUCTION THEORY APPROACH TO IMPORT DEMAND ANALYSIS: A COMPARISON OF THE ROTTERDAM MODEL AND THE DIFFERENTIAL PRODUCTION APPROACH AgEcon
Washington, Andrew A.; Kilmer, Richard L..
Results indicate that, when comparing the unconditional derived-demand elasticities to the unconditional consumer demand elasticities, significant differences emerge due to the differences in the first-stage estimation procedure between the differential production approach and the Rotterdam model. In comparing the consumer demand price/corss-price elasticities to the derived-demand price/cross-price elasticities, it is clear that use of the Rotterdam model when a production approach should be used can lead to overestimation, underestimation, and incorrect signs in deriving unconditional price effects.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Dairy; Demand; Imports; International; Production; Rotterdam; Trade; Demand and Price Analysis; D12; D24; F10; F14; Q17.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15070
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