SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Cramb, Rob A.; Catacutan, Delia; Culasero-Arellano, Z.; Mariano, K..

"Landcare" is a group-based approach to the promotion of conservation farming. A case study of the Landcare program in Lantapan in the southern Philippines is presented to assess the farm-level impacts of this approach. The program was successful in promoting the formation of Landcare groups and a municipal Landcare association, resulting in rapid and widespread adoption of conservation practices, particularly among maize farmers. This in turn significantly reduced soil erosion, though the impact on crop yield and income was somewhat delayed. Adoption was thus not motivated primarily by short-term returns but by a concern to reduce soil erosion and provide a basis for diversification into agroforestry.

An Analysis of Global Timber Markets

Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; Q16; Q24.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25370

Sohngen, Brent; Mendelsohn, Robert; Sedjo, Roger A.; Lyon, Kenneth S..

This paper presents a model of global timber markets that captures the evolution of a broad array of forest resources and timber market margins over time. These margins include the inaccessible northern and tropical margins, plantation establishment, and timberland management. A baseline case is presented and discussed. Five alternative scenarios are then presented. These scenarios allow us to consider several important questions about timber market behavior and the future supply of industrial fiber: (1) What happens along the northern and the tropical inaccessible margins? (2) What role do timber plantations play? and (3) How do shifts in management intensity interact with market forces? The baseline case suggests that both prices and harvests rise over...

Valuing Recreational Benefits of a National Park in Andean Colombia

Palavras-chave: Global timber markets; Forest plantations; Model; Forecast; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q21; Q23; Q24.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10449

Alvarez, Sergio; Larkin, Sherry L..

Protected undeveloped areas are an important tool for land conservation in developing nations. Efficient land allocation decisions and resource management requires knowledge of non-market benefits. Using travel cost and contingent valuation data from on-site interviews and secondary data on visitation, this study will value a national park in Columbia.

The Brownfield Bargain: Negotiating Site Cleanup Policies in Wisconsin

Palavras-chave: Consumer surplus; Non-market valuation; Willingness to pay; Zonal travel cost; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q24; Q26; Q57.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6732

Hersh, Robert; Wernstedt, Kris.

In this paper, the first part of our three-part study on the development of brownfields policy in Wisconsin, we examine the regulatory history of the brownfields policy. We start with the 1978 Hazardous Substance Spill Law, the antecedent to the brownfields regulatory reform of the 1990s, and examine the interaction of policy entrepreneurs in both the public and the private sectors that has led to innovation. We follow this by exploring the response of the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources to reform efforts, looking at both how it anticipated and led some of the efforts and how it addressed demands placed on it by the state legislature and executive. We then discuss the central role that the state's Brownfields Study Group has played in moving...

Climate Change and Food Security to 2050: A Global Economy-wide Perspective

Palavras-chave: Brownfields; Policy innovation; Regulatory history; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q24; Q28.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10727

Valenzuela, Ernesto; Anderson, Kym.

Recent analyses of the possible adverse effects of climate change on agriculture in developing countries have raised food security concerns, especially for farm households whose crop productivity is expected to fall. The present study uses the GTAP global economy-wide model to capture at the same time the expected positive effects on temperate zone crop productivity, which will more or less offset the upward pressure on farm product prices from yield falls in developing countries. Also modelled is an expected adverse effect of higher temperatures and humidity on the productivity of unskilled workers in the tropics, but since they work in nonfarm as well as farm activities the net effect of that shock on agriculture’s competitiveness is an empirical matter....

The effect of soil quality on fertilizer use rates among smallholder farmers in western Kenya

Palavras-chave: Climate change; Crop and labour productivity growth; Global computable general equilibrium model projections; Productivity Analysis; D58; F17; Q17; Q24; Q54.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100531

Marenya, Paswel Phiri; Barrett, Christopher B..

Studies of fertilizer use in sub-Saharan Africa have been dominated by analyses of economic and market factors having to do with infrastructure, institutions, and incentives that prevent or foster increased fertilizer demand, largely ignoring how soil fertility status conditions farmer demand for fertilizer. We apply a switching regression model to data from 260 farm households in western Kenya in order to allow for the possibility of discontinuities in fertilizer demand based on a soil carbon content (SCC) threshold. We find that the usual factors reflecting liquidity and quasi-fixed inputs are important on high-SCC plots but not on those with poorer soils. External inputs become less effective on soils with low SCC, hence the discernible shift in...

Using Incentives to Buy Land-Use Change in Agriculture for Environmental Benefits

Palavras-chave: Fertilizer demand; Fertilizer policy; Soil carbon; Soil organic matter; Switching regression; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Q12; Q18; Q24.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51671

Pannell, David J..

In general, the use of incentive payments to landholders in environmental programs is poorly thought through. This article discusses situations where environmental incentive payments are more likely to be a cost-effective response by environmental funders. It is proposed that incentives can be used in two broad ways: to encourage trialling of new practices by landholders, or to compensate landholders for losses resulting from land-use changes. It appears that environmental funders often do not pay sufficient attention to the differences between these two approaches. The first approach only makes sense if the new practices are 'adoptable', and so are expected to remain attractive to landholders beyond the trialling phase. The importance of adoptability and...

Land allocation policy and conservation practices in the mountains of Northern Vietnam

Palavras-chave: Environmental subsidies; Incentives; Externalities; Adoption of innovations; Environmental policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q24; Q28; Q57; Q58; H23; H4.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25397

Saint-Macary, Camille; Keil, Alwin; Zeller, Manfred.

In Vietnam, a quasi-private property regime has been established in 1993, with the issuance exchangeable and mortgageable land use right certificates. Using primary qualitative and quantitative data, this paper investigates the role of the titling policy in fostering the use of soil conservation practices by upland farmers in the northern mountains region. There, population growth and growing market demands have induced farmers to intensify agricultural production onto steep slopes. While poverty has been reduced, environmental 16 problems such as soil erosion, landslides, and declining soil fertility have become severe over the past years. Our findings suggest that soil conservation technologies although relatively well known are perceived as being...

The Present Value Model, Farmland Prices and Structural Breaks

Palavras-chave: Land titling; Technology adoption; Upland agriculture; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; O13; Q24; Q56.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51763

Gutierrez, Luciano; Erickson, Kenneth W.; Westerlund, Joakim.

We review the constant discount rate present value model of farmland prices using non-stationary panel data analysis. We use panel unit root and cointegration analysis to test if the present value model holds for a sample of 31 U.S. States covering the period 1960-2000. Preliminary results indicate that farmland prices and cash rents are non-stationary and non-cointegrated assuming a constant discount rate. The absence of cointegration may be due to the presence of a regime shift representing a time-varying discount rate. To accommodate this possibility, we introduce new panel cointegration tests that allow for unknown regime shifts in the cointegration relationship. The results suggest that the cointegration hypothesis cannot be rejected if there is a...

Wilderness and Primitive Area Recreation Participation and Consumption: An Examination of Demographic and Spatial Factors

Palavras-chave: Farmland prices; Present value model; Non-stationary panel data analysis; Regime shift; Q24; Land Economics/Use; C22; C23; G12.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24702

Bowker, James Michael; Murphy, D.; Cordell, H. Ken; English, Donald B.K.; Bergstrom, John C.; Starbuck, C. Meghan; Betz, Carter J.; Green, Gary T..

This paper explores the influence of demographic and spatial variables on individual participation and consumption of wildland area recreation. Data from the National Survey on Recreation and the Environment are combined with geographical information system-based distance measures to develop nonlinear regression models used to predict both participation and the number of days of participation in wilderness and primitive area recreation. The estimated models corroborate previous findings indicating that race (black), ethnicity (Hispanic), immigrant status, age, and urban dwelling are negatively correlated with wildland visitation, while income, gender (male), and education positively affect wildland recreation participation and use. The presence of a...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Logistic; Negative binomial; Participation; Recreation; Visits; Wilderness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q21; Q26; Q24.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43765

The Economics of Biodiversity Conservation in Agricultural Transition

Omer, Amani A.; Pascual, Unai; Russell, Noel P..

This paper explores the dynamic effects of biodiversity conservation on agricultural production in the context of specialised intensive farming systems that may be in transition towards more sustainable farming. The focus is on the analysis of the dynamic effects of changes in the levels of agrobiodiversity, on technical change and productivity in intensive agricultural systems. A theoretical model is used to derive hypotheses regarding these linkages that are empirically tested using a stochastic production frontier model with data from a panel of UK cereal farms for the period 1989-2000. The results suggest that the increased agrobiodiversity has positively helped to shift the production frontier outwards. This indicates that agricultural transition from...

Subsistence farmer preferences for alternative incentive policies to encourage the adoption of conservation agriculture in Malawi: A choice elicitation approach

Palavras-chave: Agrobiodiversity; Intensive agriculture; Productivity; Technical change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q12; Q16; Q24.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24636

Marenya, Paswel Phiri; Smith, Vincent H.; Nkonya, Ephraim M..

Land degradation in most sub Saharan Africa is a widely recognized problem and is due in large part to poor land management practices. To address this problem, several policy-based incentives to increase the adoption of better land management practices have been proposed, including fertilizer subsidies, cash payments and, more recently, subsidized or commercially offered weather index-based insurance contracts. However, little is known about farmers’ preferences among these policy alternatives, their relative effectiveness, and their likely fiscal implications. Using survey and choice elicitation data from 271 farmers in Central Malawi, this study examines smallholder farmers’ preferences among four major policy options that provide incentives for adopting...

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Choice elicitation; Cash transfer; Fertilizer subisdy; Incenitves; Indemnity insurance; Malawi; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Q12; Q24.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124010

Divergence between WTA and WTP Revisited: Livestock Grazing on Public Range

Sun, Lili; van Kooten, G. Cornelis; Voss, Graham M..

The research reported here provides further empirical support for the contention that there is a divergence between WTA and WTP. The conclusion is based on results from a 2002 survey of Nevada ranchers that asked about willingness to pay for public forage and WTA compensation to part with grazing rights. WTP and WTA are estimated simultaneously, with the estimators used to demonstrate a statistically significant divergence between WTP and WTA. The simultaneous estimation allows us to identify ranch characteristics that influence the discrepancy in valuations. Ranch size, public grazing allotment, financial distress, and long term commitment to ranching are all significant influences on the disparity. We interpret these results both with respect to general...

Construction Minerals in the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area: A Land Management Analysis

Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation methods; Dichotomous choice surveys; WTA versus WTP; Grazing rights and public forage; Agribusiness; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q24; Q51.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37014

Wernstedt, Kris; Cummings, Amy Mcabee.

The patchwork of government influences that shape the protection and management of construction mineral resources--sand, gravel, and crushed stone--includes statutes, regulations, guidance documents, and court decisions at the federal, state, and local level. Across the Washington-Baltimore metropolitan area, both these influences and the experiences that the counties have had in managing construction mineral resources range widely. Our principal objective in this study is to discuss the mechanisms that counties use to manage such resources; the level and source of concern that local residents have with respect to construction mineral extraction operations; officials' perceptions about trends in the supply and demand for mineral resources; and the level of...

Análisis económico de la “bio-carbonización” como práctica de manejo agrícola

Palavras-chave: Construction minerals; Aggregates; Land use planning; Baltimore-Washington; Land Economics/Use; Q24; Q38; R52.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10731

Ramirez, Juan Andres; Rosales Alvarez, Ramon.

Las altas concentraciones de gases de efecto invernadero, específicamente CO2, han sido señaladas como la principal causa del cambio climático. La adopción de prácticas agrícolas capaces de incrementar el contenido de carbono en el suelo, ha sido propuesta como una estrategia de bajo costo y disponibilidad inmediata para enfrentar este fenómeno. La Bio-carbonización es una de estas prácticas agrícolas, la cual implica la aplicación de carbón vegetal al suelo, de modo que el carbono queda capturado en una forma altamente recalcitrante al tiempo que se mejora la calidad del suelo. Este artículo es el primero en evaluar la viabilidad financiera y considerar algunos de los efectos económicos de la práctica, estimados para una finca tipo en la altillanura...

El índice CONEAT como medida de productividad y valor de la tierra.

Palavras-chave: Agricultura sostenible; Altillanura colombiana; Análisis costobeneficio; Programación lineal; Secuestro de carbono; Servicios ambientales.; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; C6; D60; O30; Q10; Q24; Q50.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60734

Lanfranco, Bruno A.; Sapriza, Gonzalo.

El objetivo de la presente investigación es cuantificar el impacto del índice de productividad CONEAT sobre los precios pagados por los inmuebles rurales en el Uruguay. El índice CONEAT intenta expresar la relación entre la capacidad de producción de un predio, medida en términos de carne y lana, y las unidades de suelo que lo componen. La ventaja de su uso radica en su fácil comprensión por parte de los agentes. La principal crítica es que utiliza exclusivamente parámetros de producción ganadera que hacen cuestionable su uso cuando se comparan inmuebles con otras aptitudes productivas. Sin embargo, aun se lo utiliza frecuentemente para tasar inmuebles rurales o comparar productividad entre inmuebles. Para estimar el valor monetario implícito que los...

Tipo: Book

Palavras-chave: Hedonic prices; Product differentiation; Land productivity; Demand and Price Analysis; Land Economics/Use; C21; Q24.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121684

How Well Can Markets for Development Rights Work? Evaluating a Farmland Preservation Program

McConnell, Virginia D.; Kopits, Elizabeth; Walls, Margaret.

Transferable development rights (TDRs) can be used as a local planning tool to preserve land for particular uses. TDRs separate ownership of the right to develop land from ownership of the land itself, creating a market in which the development rights can be bought and sold. Landowners who sell TDRs permanently preserve their land in an undeveloped state; those TDRs are then used to increase the density of development elsewhere. In this paper, we evaluate a TDR program for preserving farmland in Calvert County, Maryland. We evaluate the performance of the TDR market over the 23-year life of the program by looking at the number of transactions and TDRs sold and the level and dispersion of prices over time. We also look closely at the influence of the county...

Modeling Linkages Between Climate Policy and Land Use: An Overview

Palavras-chave: Land use; Farmland preservation; Development rights; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q24; R140.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10659

van der Werf, Edwin; Peterson, Sonja.

Agriculture and forestry play an important role in emitting and storing greenhouse gases. For an efficient and cost-effective climate policy it is therefore important to explicitly include land use, land use change, and forestry (LULUCF) in economy-climate models. This paper gives an overview and assessment of existing approaches to include land use, land-use change, and forestry into climate-economy models or to link economy-climate models to land-use models.

Climate Change Assessment and Agriculture in General Equilibrium Models: Alternative Modeling Strategies

Palavras-chave: Climate Change; Climate Policy; Modeling; Land Use; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q23; Q24; Q25; Q42.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9545

Palatnik, Ruslana Rachel; Roson, Roberto.

Agricultural sectors play a key role in the economics of climate change. Land as an input to agricultural production is one of the most important links between economy and the biosphere, representing a direct projection of human action on the natural environment. Agricultural management practices and cropping patterns have a vast effect on biogeochemical cycles, freshwater availability and soil quality. Agriculture also plays an important role in emitting and storing greenhouse gases. Thus, to consistently investigate climate policy and future pathways for the economic and natural environment, a realistic representation of agricultural land-use is essential. Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models have increasingly been used to this purpose. CGE models...

Determinants of Land-Use Change In the United States 1982-1997

Palavras-chave: Computable General Equilibrium (CGE); Partial Equilibrium (PE); Agriculture; Land Use; Climate Change; Environmental Economics and Policy; C68; D58; Q24; Q51; Q54.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54284

Lubowski, Ruben N.; Plantinga, Andrew J.; Stavins, Robert N..

Changes in the use of land in the United States produce significant economic and environmental effects with important implications for a wide variety of policy issues, including protection of wildlife habitat, management of urban growth, and mitigation of global climate change. In contrast to previous descriptive and qualitative analyses of the trends in national land use, this paper uses an econometric approach to isolate the importance of historical changes in land-use profits and key government policies in determining national land-use changes from 1982 to 1997. The policies we examine are the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) and total government payments to crop producers. We estimate a national-level discrete choice model of changes among the major...