SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Spatial Price Adjustment with and without Trade

Barnes, James N..

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Broadband; Rural America; Economic Development; Internet; Rural Regions; Agribusiness; R12; O33; O57; R11.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100896

Stephens, Emma C.; Mabaya, Edward T..

In this paper we introduce a switching error correction model (SECM) estimator that allows for the possibility that price transmission between markets might vary during periods with and without physical trade flows. Applying this new approach to semi-weekly data on tomato markets in Zimbabwe, we find that intermarket price adjustment occurs quickly and as much when there is no trade as when product flows from one market to another. This finding underscores the importance of information flow for market performance.

In search of an evolutionary edge: trading with a few, more, or many

Palavras-chave: Marketing; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q13; R12; C32; P42.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6538

Stark, Oded; Behrens, Doris A..

Consider a population of farmers who live around a lake. Each farmer engages in trade with his m adjacent neighbors, where m is termed the "span of interaction." Trade is governed by a prisoner’s dilemma "rule of engagement." A farmer’s payoff is the sum of the payoffs from the m prisoner’s dilemma games played with his m/2 neighbors to the left, and with his m/2 neighbors to the right. When a farmer dies, his son takes over. The son who adheres to his father’s span of interaction decides whether to cooperate or defect by considering the actions taken and the payoffs received by the most prosperous member of the group comprising his father and his father’s m trading partners. Under a conventional structure of payoffs, it is shown that a large span of...

An Account of Geographic Concentration Patterns in Europe

Palavras-chave: Local interaction; Span of interaction; Imitation; Cooperation; Social welfare; Farm Management; D83; R12; O4.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94280

Brulhart, Marius; Traeger, Rolf.

Using entropy indices and associated bootstrap tests, we describe the distribution of economic sectors across Western European regions over the 1975-2000 period. We decompose geographic concentration into its within-country and between-country components. In addition, we estimate centre-periphery gradients in sectoral location patterns and the impact of EU membership on countries' internal geography. It is found that manufacturing has become gradually more concentrated, although the locational bias towards central regions has become weaker. Conversely, market services have been relocating towards centrally located regions. EU integration appears to have strengthened countries' internal concentration trends.

Alternative Territorial Breakdowns of Statistics for Supporting Rural Policies

Palavras-chave: Geographic concentration; EU regions; Centre-periphery gradients; Entropy indices; Bootstrap inference; Community/Rural/Urban Development; R12; R14; F15.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26155

Lauwers, Ludwig H.; Kerselaers, Eva; Lenders, Sonia; Vervaet, Mieke; Vervloet, Dirk.

In order to support rural policy making with appropriate information, alternative territorial breakdowns of statistics are necessary. This paper shows how the widely used criterion of 150 inhabitants per km² can be fine tuned to better account for local specific conditions, in particular high population densities. Alternative population density thresholds are confronted with local perceptions of rurality, aggregated in a rurality index. The method is illustrated for two regions that differ in urbanisation level. The rurality index not only increases the discriminatory power, but also helps to find a less erroneous and more robust proxy for international comparable breakdowns of statistics.

Pollution and the Efficiency of Urban Growth

Palavras-chave: Rural development; Rurality index; OECD; Central limit theorem; Agricultural and Food Policy; C10; O18; R12.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24635

Quaas, Martin F.; Smulders, Sjak.

We analyze the efficiency of urbanization patterns in a dynamic model of endogenous urban growth with two sectors of production. Production exhibits increasing returns to scale on aggregate. Urban environmental pollution, as a force that discourages agglomeration, is caused by domestic production. We show that cities are too large and too few in number in equilibrium, compared to the efficient urbanization path, if economic growth implies increasing aggregate emissions. If, on the other hand, production becomes cleaner over time (`quality growth') the urbanization path approximates the efficient outcome after finite time.

Firm Birth and Death in U.S. Manufacturing: A Regional Adjustment Model

Palavras-chave: Cities; Urbanisation; Pollution; Growth; Migration; Sustainable Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Q56; R12; O18.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44225

Brown, Jason P.; Lambert, Dayton M.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M..

Attracting manufacturing investment is a frequently used rural development policy. Previous research in the location literature has informed policymakers which factors are most important for attracting new firm investment. Far less is known about the interaction of birth and death of establishments. A conceptual model of county-level investment in the U.S. manufacturing sector is developed from location theory and subsequent literature. Specifically, we test the relative importance of location factors influencing firm investment, and if these factors influence firm birth and death differently. Local factors include agglomeration due to localization, urbanization, and internal economies, market structure, labor quality, availability, and cost, market...

Spatial Effects of European Integration: Do Border Regions Benefit Above Average?

Palavras-chave: Location determinants; Manufacturing; Count models; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; L60; R11; R12.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49467

Niebuhr, Annekatrin.

A basic result of new economic geography (NEG) models is that the proximity to consumer markets impacts wages and employment within regions. The ongoing process of European integration, being targeted on the reduction of barriers to trade and factor mobility, has presumably changed relative market access in Europe. The present paper aims at providing some evidence on spatial effects of integration released by declining border impediments and changing market potentials. The analysis departs from a three-region economic geography model. We focus on the impact of integration on European border regions and the question whether they realise above average integration benefits. The empirical analysis concerns integration effects in the EU15 regions arising from a...

TIPOLOGIA MUNICIPAL DE CLASSES SÓCIO-OCUPACIONAIS: UMA NOVA DIMENSÃO PARA ANÁLISE DAS DESIGUALDADES TERRITORIAIS NO BRASIL

Palavras-chave: New economic geography; Market access; European integration; Border regions; International Relations/Trade; C21; F15; R12.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26196

Maia, Alexandre Gori; Quadros, Waldir Jose de.

O objetivo principal deste trabalho é propor uma nova configuração para o território brasileiro, fornecendo uma relevante dimensão para análise das desigualdades sociais brasileiras. A hipótese central é que a estrutura social, uma conjugação entre inserção no mercado de trabalho (classe ocupacional) e faixa de renda per capita (estrato social) das famílias brasileiras, é capaz de identificar padrões sociais que cumprem papel essencial nas análises sobre as condições de vida da população. Para cumprir tal objetivo, este trabalho foi estruturado em três partes principais: i) descrição da metodologia de estratificação social; ii) identificação dos grupos de municípios relativamente homogêneos de desenvolvimento da estrutura social (perfis sociais) e análise...

Existe convergência espacial da produtividade agrícola no Brasil?

Palavras-chave: Estratificação social; Renda - distribuição; Disparidades regionais; Social stratification; Income distribution; Regional disparities; Community/Rural/Urban Development; J82; R12; R23.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109729

Almeida, Eduardo Simões de; Perobelli, Fernando Salgueiro; Ferreira, Pedro Guilherme Costa.

This work analyzes the convergence of land productivity for Brazilian regions from 1991 to 2003. It evaluates if there is or not convergence of the agricultural productivity, controlling explicitly for spatial effects. To do so, an exploratory spatial data analysis was previously implemented and the presence of spatial autocorrelation for the land productivity was detected. In addition, spatial econometric models were developed for the convergence analysis.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Convergence; Land productivity; Spatial econometrics; Spatial autocorrelation.; Agribusiness; R12; C31; Q10..

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61267

Enlargement and the EU Periphery: The Impact of Changing Market Potential

Brulhart, Marius; Crozet, Matthieu; Koenig, Pamina.

We study the impact of changing relative market access in an enlarged EU on the economies of incumbent Objective 1 regions. First, we track the impact of external opening on internal spatial configurations in a three-region economic geography model. External opening gives rise to potentially offsetting economic forces, but for most parameter configurations it is found to raise the locational attractiveness of the region that is close to the external market. Then, we explore the relation between market access and economic activity empirically. We simulate the impact of enlargement on EU Objective 1 regions. Predicted market-access induced gains in regional GDP and manufacturing employment are up to seven times larger in regions proximate to the new...

Market Access and Regional Disparities: New Economic Geography in Europe

Palavras-chave: New economic geography; Market potential; EU enlargement; Objective 1 regions; International Relations/Trade; F12; F15; R12.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26330

Niebuhr, Annekatrin.

New Economic Geography (NEG) has reached a theoretical consolidation while related empirical tests are still scarce. The present paper aims at providing some evidence on the validity of forces emphasised by NEG. The analysis starts from the nominal wage equation derived from the Krugman "core-periphery model" and focuses on one of the main propositions of NEG that access advantages raise factor prices. The paper investigates the significance of market access for regional wages and the geographic extent of demand linkages for a cross section of European regions, also taking into account the effects of national borders. The regression analysis covers the period between 1985 and 2000. The results are consistent with the implication of NEG that demand linkages...

Regional Income Inequality and Economic Growth: A Spatial Econometrics Analysis for Provinces in the Philippines

Palavras-chave: New economic geography; Market access; Europe; International Relations/Trade; C21; F12; R12.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26148

Pede, Valerien O.; Sparks, Adam H.; McKinley, Justin D..

This paper revisits the inequality-growth relationship using data at the sub-national (provincial) level in the Philippines over the period 1991- 2000. A conditional convergence growth model is considered where the growth of per capita income depends on inequality and other growth factors. The contribution of each province to the overall inequality obtained from the Theil index is considered. Results indicate that inequality has a positive and significant effect on per capita income growth. However, the magnitude of the inequality effect is not stable across regions. Geographically Weighted Regression estimates show that the magnitude of the inequality growth relationship varies over a range of 0.72 to 3.36. Other results are also noteworthy in this study....

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Clusters; Growth; Inequality; Spatial econometrics; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; R11; R12; O15; C21.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124402

Mapping the Evolution of "Clusters": A Meta-analysis

Maggioni, Mario A.; Gambarotto, Francesca; Uberti, Teodora Erika.

This paper presents a meta-analysis of the “cluster literature” contained in scientific journals from 1969 to 2007. Thanks to an original database we study the evolution of a stream of literature which focuses on a research object which is both a theoretical puzzle and an empirical widespread evidence. We identify different growth stages, from take-off to development and maturity. We test the existence of a life-cycle within the authorships and we discover the existence of a substitutability relation between different collaborative behaviours. We study the relationships between a “spatial” and an “industrial” approach within the textual corpus of cluster literature and we show the existence of a “predatory” interaction. We detect the relevance of...

Disentangling Access and View Amenities in Access-Restricted Coastal Residential Communities

Palavras-chave: Cluster; Life-Cycle; Cluster Literature; Textual Analysis; Agglomeration; Co-Authorship; Community/Rural/Urban Development; O18; R12; Z13; B41.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54293

Morgan, O. Ashton; Hamilton, Stuart E..

In coastal communities with uniform flood risk, amenity value is comprised of two components – view and access. Having controlled for view, it is assumed that any residual amenity value represents the benefit derived from accessing the beach for leisure/recreational purposes. However, as properties closer to the beach typically have improved viewsheds, the two amenities are highly correlated, and disentangling view and access is problematical. A spatial autoregressive hedonic model captures ease of beach access via a network distance parameter that varies independently from property viewshed, collinearity effects are mitigated, and access and view can be disentangled.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Beach access; Property viewshed; Spatial hedonic model; Willingness to pay; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q51; R12; R21; R23.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104620

Spatial Agglomeration, Technology and Outsourcing of Knowledge Intensive Business Services. Empirical Insights from Italy

Antonietti, Roberto; Cainelli, Giulio.

Aim of this paper is to explore the main drivers of outsourcing of knowledge intensive business services by Italian manufacturing firms. While anecdotal and empirical evidence has emphasized labour cost and scale economies as behind firms choices to outsource production or service activities, here we focus on spatial agglomeration and technology as important factors. Using microeconomic data on a repeated cross-section of Italian manufacturing firms for the period 1998-2003, we develop a two-stage model in order to avoid selection bias: first, we estimate the determinants of the firm's decision to outsource business-related services; second, we estimate the main factors underlying the intensity and complexity of KIBS outsourcing, expressed by the number...

Aggregation and Calibration of Agricultural Sector Models Through Crop Mix Restrictions and Marginal Profit Adjustments

Palavras-chave: KIBS; Service Outsourcing; R&D; ICT; Spatial Agglomeration; Labor and Human Capital; L24; L84; R32; R12.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8221

Wiborg, Torben; McCarl, Bruce A.; Rasmussen, Svend; Schneider, Uwe A..

All agricultural sector models must deal with aggregation and calibration somehow. The aggregation problem involves treating a group of producers as if they all responded in the same way as a single representative unit. The calibration problem concerns making a model reproduce as closely as possible an empirically observed set of decision maker actions. This paper shows how both calibration and aggregation are addressed through crop mix restrictions combined with marginal profit adjust-ments.

Unscrambling Africa: Regional Requirements for Achieving Food Security

Palavras-chave: Mathematical programming; Aggregation; Calibration; Crop mix; Marginal cost; Agricultural sector model; Agribusiness; C6; C61; Q1; Q11; Q17; Q18; R12; R13; R14.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24567

A Conjoint Analysis of the U.S. Broiler Complex Location Decision

Haggblade, Steven.

Africa has inherited highly arbitrary political borders that vastly complicate current efforts to accelerate agricultural growth and reduce hunger. Because Africa’s inherited political borders arbitrarily partition agro-ecological zones and natural market sheds, current country borders serve as barriers, hampering agricultural technology transfer, hindering agricultural trade and dampening incentives for farmers and agribusinesses to invest in Africa’s many regional breadbasket zones. Feasible solutions revolve around neutralizing these deleterious effects through regional scientific networks and regional corridor development programs.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Africa; Food Security; Markets; Technology transfer; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; R12; Q18.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97030

Harrison, R. Wes; Sambidi, Pramod R..

A national survey of broiler industry executives is conducted to analyze site-specific factors related to the broiler-complex location problem. Conjoint analysis is used to analyze the broiler complex location decision. Feed costs, community attitude toward the broiler industry, availability of geographically concentrated growers, unemployment rates, and wage rates were found to be the top five factors affecting broiler company location decisions. The quality of roads between feed mill and growers; electricity, heating, water, and sewage costs; and the number of potential growers in the region were also found to be important.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Broilers; Conjoint analysis; Location; Poultry industry; R12; O18.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43457

The Final Frontier? Border Effects and German Regional Wages

Brakman, Steven; Garretsen, Harry; Schramm, Marc.

Recent studies of border effects have focused on the intra-country and inter-country comparison of trade flows. It is found that borders have a negative impact on the size of cross-border trade. In order to estimate border effects on a regional level one needs not only data on inter-country but also on intra-country trade. For many countries (regional) data on intra-country trade are simply lacking, which makes an analysis of border effects and border regions cumbersome. In this paper we take a different approach to measure the impact of borders. We estimate a market potential function for German regional wages and by analysing whether German border regions can be distinguished from the other regions in terms of their wages. We use a market potential...