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| Registros recuperados: 85 | |
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| Alston, Julian M.. |
| Hen quotas were virtually freely transferable within Victoria when they were first introduced in 1975. The 1980's have witnessed a series of changes to regulations over quota transfers. Initially these changes were components of a plan to phase out quotas but that is no longer on the policy agenda. Quotas remain but without the advantages of free transferability. It is well established that restrictions on quota transfers in general lead to production inefficiencies. Another undesirable side-effect is that the value of quota and magnitude of quota rent are more difficult to measure when quota transfers are restricted, adding to the difficulties of assessing the effects of the regulations. In the Victorian egg industry these general problems are confounded... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 1986 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12419 |
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| Alston, Julian M.. |
| Marketing systems using non-transferable or imperfectly transferable quotas induce shifts in supply as well as shifts along supply functions. There are social costs associated with these shifts which are additional to those normally recognised in the literature. To reduce the size of the shifts in supply and the social costs, quotas should he efficiently transferable. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Marketing. |
| Ano: 1981 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12238 |
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| Alston, Julian M.; Gray, Richard S.. |
| Canada and the United States have used different trade policies to support their wheat industries. Canada conferred sole export powers to the Canadian Wheat Board, allowing it to price discriminate among markets. The U.S. government has funded transfers to its wheat producers from taxpayers, instead, through export subsidies. This study compares these two ways of supporting producers in terms of their transfer efficiency and overall deadweight losses, the incidence on different domestic interest groups, and their consequences for third party traders. In the analysis we consider the implications of market power of wheat marketing firms for the comparison of policy alternatives in the context of the Canadian wheat industry. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30834 |
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| Alston, Julian M.; Hyde, Jeffrey; Marra, Michele C.; Mitchell, Paul D.. |
| This study examined the potential economic impacts in the United States of the commercial adoption of a corn rootworm (CRW) resistant transgenic corn. Using a counterfactual approach, we estimated that if the technology had been made available in the year 2000 at a price that would equate per acre costs to those for insecticide-based corn rootworm control, and adopted on all of the acres treated for corn rootworm in that year, the total benefits would have been $460 million. This benefit includes $171 million to the technology developer and seed companies, $231 million to farmers from yield gains, and a further $58 million to farmers from reduced risk, time savings, and other nonpecuniary benefits associated with reduced use of insecticides. This is a... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57828 |
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| Alston, Julian M.; Chalfant, James A.. |
| Most studies of the demand for meat in Australia have used some measure of total income or expenditure, but two recent studies have assumed weak separability of a meat group and used expenditure on the meat group instead. These specification differences are of interest to the extent that they affect the economic interpretation, goodness-of-fit, elasticity estimates, predictive performance or hypothesis tests in empirical demand equations. In this paper, non-nested hypothesis testing procedures are used to test the alternative specifications of the income variable and the hypothesis of separability. The results favour the use of the expenditure variable implied by separability but are mixed concerning whether separability holds. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis. |
| Ano: 1987 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22578 |
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| Alston, Julian M.; Sumner, Daniel A.. |
| This article begins with a review of what has happened to U.S. domestic farm policies and related agricultural trade policies over the past 10 years. We conclude this review with a brief overview of the policies as they stand today. Then we consider potential outcomes in the 2007 Farm Bill, and their implications for U.S. agriculture and, in particular, for agriculture in the Western states. Finally, we contemplate the longer-term possibilities for meaningful, enduring reform of U.S. farm program policies. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: 2007 Farm Bill; U.S. farm policy; WTO; Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8594 |
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| Alston, Julian M.; Pardey, Philip G.; Smith, Vincent H.. |
| Governments everywhere are trimming their support for agricultural R&D, giving greater scrutiny to the support that they do provide, and reforming the public agencies that fund, oversee, and carry out the research. This represents a break from previous patterns, which had consisted of expansion in the public funds for agricultural R&D. Private-sector spending on agricultural research has slowed along with the growth of public spending in recent years, but the balance continues to shift towards the private sector. This article presents a quantitative review of these funding trends and the considerable institutional changes that have accompanied them. We discuss new data for 22 OECD countries, providing institutional details for five of these... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16096 |
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| Alston, Julian M.; Venner, Raymond J.. |
| The U.S. Plant Variety Protection Act (PVPA) of 1970 was meant to strengthen intellectual property protection for plant breeders. A model of investment under partial excludability is developed, leading to the hypotheses that any increase in excludability or appropriability of the returns to invention, attributable to the PVPA, would lead to increases in investment or efficiency gains in varietal R&D, improved varietal quality, and enhanced royalties. These hypotheses are tested in an economic analysis of the effects of the PVPA on wheat genetic improvement. The PVPA appears to have contributed to increases in public expenditures on wheat variety improvement, but private-sector investment in wheat breeding does not appear to have increased. Moreover,... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Intellectual property rights; Wheat; Genetic improvement; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16059 |
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| Alston, Julian M.; Freebairn, John W.; Quilkey, John J.. |
| A model of the Australian orange growing industry to explain changes in plantings, removals, the number and age composition of trees and orange production is developed and estimated. Most of the variation in plantings is explained by the expected profitability of growing oranges, the current stocks of bearing and nonbearing trees, and removals of trees last year. Estimates of the elasticities of response of plantings and production to price changes are low and there are long time lags. An illustrative application of the model projects future developments in the industry for alternative assumptions about the profitability of growing oranges. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Productivity Analysis. |
| Ano: 1980 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22911 |
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| Jin, Songqing; Alston, Julian M.; Rozelle, Scott; Huang, Jikun. |
| Faced with the task of reorganizing the largest agricultural research system in the world, officials in China are developing a strategy for reform. This paper investigates economies of scale and scope and other potential sources of improvements in the economic efficiency of crop breeding, an industry at the heart of the nation's food economy. Using a panel data set covering 46 wheat and maize breeding institutes from 1981 to 2000, we estimate both single output and multiple output cost functions for the production of new varieties at China's wheat and maize breeding institutes. Our descriptive and analytical results indicate strong economies of scale, along with small to moderate economies of scope related to the joint production of new wheat and maize... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22088 |
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| Registros recuperados: 85 | |
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