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| Registros recuperados: 390 | |
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| Cordero,Cecilia; Cáceres,Pablo; González,Gloria; Quiroz,Karla; Carmen,Bravo; Ramírez,Ricardo; Caligari,Peter D.S; Carrasco,Basilio; García-Gonzales,Rolando. |
| Truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vitt.) culture is an agroforestry sector in Chile of increasing interest due to the high prices that truffles fetch in the national market and the recent evidence that its commercial production is possible in Chilean climatic and soil conditions. In this study, the efficiency of three methods of DNA extraction from a mix of 5 g of soil and roots from both nursery and field plants of Quercus ilex L. mycorrhized with T. melanosporum were evaluated, and a simple and reproducible protocol was established. Detection of T. melanosporum was performed by the technique of cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) from amplicons generated with the primers ADL1 (5´-GTAACGATAAAGGCCATCTATAGG-3´) and ADL3 (5´-CGTTTTTCCTGAACTCTTCATCAC-3`),... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Ectomycorrhizas; Molecular markers; PCR; CAPS; Ectomicorrizas; Marcadores moleculares; PCR; CAPS. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000300022 |
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| von Baer,Erik; von Baer,Ingrid; Riegel,Ricardo. |
| The expansion of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) cultivation in Chile is subject to the availability of cultivars presenting high yield potential, tolerance to the main fungal diseases and homogeneous ripening. In response to these requirements, a new cultivar has been developed and registered as Liapec->1, commercially registered as Pecosa-Baer. This new cultivar has determined bushy growth habit. Its flowering period is concentrated in approximately 40 days, less than the 77 days of cv. Rumbo-Baer. This trait allows it to reach harvest without heterogeneity problems. The seed is speckled, flat and medium-sized (370 g/1000 grains aprox.). The kernels are sweet and have a high protein content of around 41% (dry matter basis). In field assays,... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Cultivar. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000400013 |
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| Serna Cock,Liliana; Zetty Arenas,Ana María; Ayala Aponte,Alfredo. |
| Biosensors are an important alternative in the food industry to ensure the quality and safety of products and process controls with effective, fast and economical methods. Their technology is based on a specific biological recognition element in combination with a transducer for signal processing. The use of enzymatic biosensor technology in food processing, quality control and on-line processes is promising compared to conventional analytical techniques, as it offers great advantages due to size, cost, specificity, fast response, precision and sensitivity. This article reviews the development and use of some enzyme biosensors in the food industry, describes the most important application areas and analyzes the current situation and future possibilities.... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Biosensors; Enzymes; Analysis in food; Safety; Quality; Control processes. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000200017 |
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| Donizetti dos Santos,José Geraldo; Ferreira Aguiar,Alana das Chagas; Silva Junior,Edilson Máximo; Lemes Dadalto,Danubia; Rodrigues Sousa,Merijane; Ribeiro Xavier,Gustavo; Gomes de Moura,Emanoel. |
| In the humid tropics, the largest obstacle to the implementation of sustainable farming systems is the reduced efficiency of nutrient use by crops. This study assesses the effectiveness of five selected rhizobia strains in symbiosis with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), with the objective of replacing N fertilization in the predominant agricultural system used by smallholder farmers. The study was carried out in three adjacent areas with distinct agricultural uses: conventional tillage, itinerant agriculture, and a no-till system. The experimental design was in randomized complete blocks with four replicates and seven treatments: five rhizobia strains (BR3262, BR3267, BR3299, INPA3-11B, and UFLA 3-84) and two controls without inoculation (one without... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Agroecosystem; Nitrogen-fixing nodule bacteria; Legumes. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000400015 |
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| Novoa M,Daniela; Palma S,Soledad; Gaete O,Hernán. |
| Soils near mining centers usually have high heavy metal (HM) levels. It has been found that some plants associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) improve growth and tolerance to HM in soils. This symbiosis is a biological resource for degraded soil recovery. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of inoculating AMF (Glomus spp.) on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) growth in agricultural soils with different copper (Cu) levels for degraded soil recovery. To this effect, alfalfa seeds were grown in soils from the Catemu and Casablanca valleys and inoculated with AMF. Plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves were measured weekly. Dry matter, mycorrhizal colonization, and Cu concentration in alfalfa plant tissues were measured... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Mycorrhizal colonization; Soil recovery. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000200009 |
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| Martinez G,Ingrid; Ovalle,Carlos; Del Pozo,Alejandro; Uribe,Hamil; Valderrama V,Natalia; Prat,Christian; Sandoval,Marco; Fernández,Fernando; Zagal,Erick. |
| Chilean dryland areas of the Mediterranean climate region are characterized by highly degraded and compacted soils, which require the use of conservation tillage systems to mitigate water erosion as well as to improve soil water storage. An oat (Avena sativa L. cv. Supernova-INIA) - wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Pandora-INIA) crop rotation was established under the following conservation systems: no tillage (Nt), Nt + contour plowing (Nt+Cp), Nt + barrier hedge (Nt+Bh), and Nt + subsoiling (Nt+Sb), compared to conventional tillage (Ct) to evaluate their influence on soil water content (SWC) in the profile (10 to 110 cm depth), the soil compaction and their interaction with the crop yield. Experimental plots were established in 2007 and lasted 3 yr till... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Neutron probe; Penetrometer resistance; Oat; Subsoiling; Water erosion; Wheat. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000400018 |
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| Ormeño-Núñez,Juan; Pino-Rojas,Gerardo ; Garfe-Vergara,Farouk. |
| Two field trials (Los Andes 1998-1999 and Santiago 2004-2005) were carried out to determine growth inhibition of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) and bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.), growing on the plantation row, by mulch derived from a rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop established between grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) rows on overhead (cv. Flame Seedless) and vertical (cv. Cabernet Sauvignon) training. Spring mowing of the rye sown in the fall allowed for developing a thick and long lasting mulch along the grape rows. Nutsedge and bermudagrass control was 81 and 82%, respectively, and was more effective than conventional chemical (in the row) + mechanical (between rows) control. Glyphosate at 2% for nutsedge and 1% for bermudagrass... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Mulch; Cover crop; Rye; Grapevines. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392008000300003 |
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| Serna C,Liliana; Cuesta A,Fernando L. |
| Contamination is defined as the presence of pollution agents in an ecosystem reaching an abnormal concentration level and causing adverse effects. Due to the important environmental problems that these cause in the food chain, diverse methods have been formulated to minimize those effects; among these enzymatic methods associated to microorganisms or other biological agents are used, and systems that allow to metabolize pollutants in an effective and practical way. The combined use of these systems appears to be the most appropriated option to eliminate pollution agents at a reasonable energy cost which allows their use in the industry. The present review identifies the adequate process conditions for technological implementation of biofilm-type membrane... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Laccase; Biofilm; Membrane system; Halogen compound. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392008000400010 |
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| Ortiz U,Ana; Silva A,Gonzalo; Urbina P,Angélica; Zapata S.M,Nelson; Rodríguez M,J. Concepción; Lagunes T,Angel. |
| The maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky) is one of the most widespread pests and causes heavy losses of stored grain throughout the world. Control of this insect is primarily dependent upon continued applications of organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticides and fumigants as phosphine but the increasing problems with current insecticides drive the need for research and to develop new control methods. The insecticidal effect of leaf powder of tepa, Laureliopsis philippiana (Looser) Shodde, was evaluated against maize weevil under laboratory conditions. The parameters evaluated were adult mortality and emergence, grain weight loss and germination, and residual, repellent and fumigant effect. The highest levels of insect mortality were registered... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Stored grains; Botanical insecticides; Maize weevil. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000100011 |
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| Makni,Hanem; Bouktila,Dhia; Mezghani,Maha; Makni,Mohamed. |
| Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say), is a destructive pest of wheat worldwide and an endemic pest in Tunisia. Two natural populations of this insect from the North of Tunisia were evaluated, in the field, for their virulence, based on response developed by bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars carrying H3, H5, H6, H7H8, H11, H13 and H16 resistance genes. H11, H13 and H16 showed a high effectiveness against both populations; therefore, their implication in Hessian fly breeding programs would be of interest. The level of infestation, as well as the yield loss, was assessed, based on the percentage of infested plants and variation in growth parameters due to infestation. The percentage of infested plants, over a 2-yr period in Mateur, averaged... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Wheat; Biotype; Generations; Integrated pest management. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000300009 |
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| Castillo R,Claudia ; Sotomayor S,Leonardo ; Ortiz O,César; Leonelli C,Gina; Borie B,Fernando; Rubio H,Rosa. |
| Mapuche farmers in southern Chile have been cultivating local ecotypes of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), called locally Cacho de cabra for many decades. It is used to make merkén, a condiment that is consumed locally and exported. This vegetable requires a nursery stage and can obtain nutritional benefits from symbiotic associations such as mycorrhizal fungi, achieving a better adaptation to transplanting. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligate biotrophes appearing in abundance in agroecosystems with conservation management. The aim of this study was to compare effectiveness of two AMF, a commercial mycorrhizal inoculant (IC, Glomus intraradices) and another native (IN, Glomus claroideum) with a control without inoculation (-I) on the... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Mycorrhiza; Inoculant; Biofertilizers; Fruit quality; Vegetables. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000100010 |
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| Wakil,Waqas; Usman Ghazanfar,M; Nasir,Fozia; Abdul Qayyum,Mirza; Tahir,Muhammad. |
| The development of resistance in cosmopolitan insect Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) forced the researchers for alternative control measures. In the present study, insecticidal efficacy of formulations of Azadirachta indica, a Nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV), and new anthranilic diamide insecticide (chlorantraniliprole) formulations was determined against 2nd, through 5th larval instars of H. armigera collected from diverse geographical locations in the Punjab province, Pakistan. Azadirachta indica was applied at 5 μL L-1; NPV at 2.1 x 10(5) polyhedral occlusion bodies (POB) mL4 and chlorantraniliprole at 0.01 μL L-1, either alone or in combinations with each other. The bioassays were conducted at 27 ± 1 °C and 65 ± 5%... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: NPV; Chlorantraniliprole; Additive; Populations. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000100009 |
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| Yáñez,Maribel; France,Andrés. |
| Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin is an entomopathogenic fungus used for controlling different insect pests. It is most frequently applied to berry fruit crops, where fungicides are also used for disease control. Fungicides: azoxystrobin, benomyl, captan, chlorothalonil, fenhexamid, fludioxonil, iprodione, and metalaxyl in concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10, and 100 mg L-1 were evaluated in this research study. Vegetative growth, conidia germination, and conidia germination tube length were measured on the Qu-M82, Qu-M151b, Qu-M253, Qu-M430, and Qu-M984 Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae fungus strains. Those strains were selected because of their present use against different insect pest in bramble fruits. Vegetative growth was measured... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Biological control; Integrated management; Fungal growth; Conidia germination. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000300006 |
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| Balocchi,Oscar A; López,Ignacio F. |
| The objective of this study was to determine, under the soil and climatic conditions of Southern Chile, the effect of the ploidy of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cultivars on herbage production, nutritive value, grazing preference and utilization of pasture produced. This study was conducted in southern Chile, Valdivia Province, and was evaluated for 3 years. The tetraploid cultivars used were Quartet (4n), Gwendal (4n), Pastoral (4n) and Napoleon (4n). The diploid cultivars were Anita (2n), Jumbo (2n), Aries (2n), and Yatsyn 1 (2n).When the average sward height reached 20 cm, all plots were simultaneously grazed by dairy cows for a period of 24 h. Before and after grazing, sward height, dry matter availability and nutritive value were evaluated.... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Grazing preference; Herbage mass; Ploidy. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000300005 |
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| de Carvalho,Leonardo Bianco; Aguiar Alves,Pedro Luis da Costa; Bianco,Silvano; De Prado,Rafael. |
| Glyphosate is the main herbicide used in coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plantations in Brazil. Problems with herbicide drift commonly occur in orchard fields due to non-adequate spraying conditions. A series of experiments was carried out aiming to evaluate physiological dose-response of C. arabica plants submitted to exposure to simulated glyphosate drift in two distinct plant growth stages. Glyphosate was applied at 0, 180, 360, and 720 g acid equivalent (AE) ha-1 directly on coffee plants with 10 and 45 d after transplanting (DAT). Glyphosate doses in a range of 180-360 g AE ha-1 increased photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance in 10 DAT-plants up to 14 d after application (DAA) while, in 45 DAT-plants, an increase was observed only up to 2... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine; Herbicide drift; Photosynthesis; Plant nutrition. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000200003 |
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| Moyano A,Stella; Lanuza,Francisco; Torres B,Alfredo; Cisternas A,Ernesto; Fuentes V,Marcela. |
| Lolitrem-B is a neurotoxic substance that causes the ryegrass staggers syndrome in cattle, sheep, and horses consuming ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) infected with endophytic fungus Neotyphodium lolii (Latch, Christensen, and Samuels) Glenn, Bacon, and Hanlin. Due to the increasing use of ryegrass pasture in southern Chile, it is necessary to know the content of lolitrem-B to optimize grazing management and reduce the effect on animal health. The objective of this study was to implement a method to determine lolitrem-B in ryegrass. Ryegrass samples were used without the endophyte, freeze-dried, and kept in darkness at -18 ºC to establish the method. Then, a pure lolitrem-B standard was added and the toxin was extracted with a mixture of chloroform-methanol... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Mycotoxin; Neurotoxin; Endophyte fungi. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000300019 |
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| Registros recuperados: 390 | |
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