SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Eicher, Carl K.; Baker, Doyle Curtis.

This survey focuses on the rural economy which is broadly defined to include the agricultural sector plus rural nonfarm activities such as small-scale industry, trade, processing, and fishing. It reviews research on migration, employment, and income distribution in order to understand linkages between the agricultural and nonagricultural sectors.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Agricultural development; International Development; Downloads December 2008-June 2009: 5; Q18.

Ano: 1982

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54071

Betting on cotton: Potential payoffs and economic risks of adopting transgenic cotton in West Africa

Falck-Zepeda, Jose Benjamin; Horna, J. Daniela; Smale, Melinda.

Cotton is the largest source of export receipts in several West African nations where yields are declining and pesticide use is rising. Although there may be payoffs to introducing genetically modified Bt (Bacillus thurigiensis) cotton, limited information is available to predict its potential economic impact and there is uncertainty about its performance. Recognizing these constraints, we use an economic surplus model augmented with stochastic simulation to estimate ex ante the impact and distribution of benefits from Bt cotton. We consider the effects of adoption on both yields and abating crop damage, and offer scenarios depicting the policy options faced by West African stakeholders. The findings indicate that although the total net benefits of...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Crop biotechnology; Bt cotton; Economic surplus model; West Africa; Agricultural development; Risk; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56962

Technology Capital: The Price of Admission to the Growth Club

Evenson, Robert E.; Fuglie, Keith O..

We assess long-run patterns of global agricultural productivity growth in developing countries between 1970 and 2005 and examine the relationship between investments in technology capital and productivity. To measure agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) we employ a Solow-type growth accounting method to decompose output growth into input and TFP growth. For technology capital we construct two indexes reflecting national capacities in agricultural research and education-extension for 87 developing countries. We then correlate technology capital levels with long-term growth rates in agricultural TFP. Our findings show that average agricultural TFP growth in developing countries accelerated in the 1980s and 1990s but fell marginally in the early...

Can Small Farmers Survive, Prosper, or be the Key Channel to Cut Mass Poverty?

Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Agricultural extension; Agricultural research; Land quality; Agricultural cost shares; Growth accounting; Total factor productivity (TFP); International Development; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q10; Q16; O13; O30; O47; O57.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51398

Agriculture and the new industrial revolution in Asia

Lipton, Michael.

The paper reviews the role of small farms in development and poverty reduction in countries (or regions within a country) with persistent mass poverty. It discusses the arguments supporting the importance of agricultural development for poverty and argues that initial success in reduction of mass poverty requires prior agricultural developments. It explores in particular the role of smallscale farming and policy requirements to ensure the competitive advantage of small farms.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Poverty; Agriculture; Agricultural development; Small-scale farming; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110129

Bautista, Romeo M.; DeRosa, Dean A..

"September 1996." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 17-19). Published, in 1998, in Richard Hooley and Zainal-Abidin Mahani, eds. The new industrial revolution in Asian economies, Vol. 8, pp. 317-333.

Why African governments under-invest in agriculture: results from an expert survey

Palavras-chave: Industrialization; Agricultural development; Rural development -- Asia; International Development.

Ano: 1996

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97764

Headey, Derek D.; Benson, Todd; Kolavalli, Shashidhara; Fan, Shenggen.

Agricultural productivity growth is widely seen as an essential instrument of poverty reduction, food security and broader economic growth. Paradoxically, however, the agricultural sector is often neglected by African governments in what is often termed ‘urban bias’. This paper explores what appears to be a very contemporary form of urban bias: that despite open acknowledgement of the importance of agriculture, public expenditure allocations to the agricultural sector remain very low in Africa. An innovation of the paper is to go beyond the broad cross-country picture about why this might be the case to instead examine more complex country stories through the use of expert surveys. Specifically, we interview senior policymakers in ministries of...

Trading Millet and Sorghum Genetic Resources: Women Vendors in the Village Fairs of San and Douentza, Mali

Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Urban bias; Public expenditure; Expert surveys.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51818

Smale, Melinda; Diakite, Lamissa; Dembele, Brahima; Traore, Issa Seni; Guindo, Oumar; Konta, Bourema.

In Mali, liberalization of seed markets for sorghum and millet, the staple food crops, has not advanced at the same rate or with the same measurable success as liberalization of grain markets. Most seed of these crops is uncertified and continues to be supplied to farmers by farmers, according to clan and ethno-linguistic group. After poor harvests or when replanting after a dry spell, farmers rely on local markets for grain as sources of seed. This paper summarizes the findings of a vendor survey conducted in two marketsheds during weekly fairs. No certified seed is sold. Almost all vendors are women who are also farmers. Variety integrity is maintained particularly for millet seed in the marketshed of the Sahelian zone, where the range of variety...

Social Viability Roles of the Agricultural Sector in China

Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Informal sector; Seed markets; Traders; Landraces; Millet; Sorghum; Women; Mali; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42352

Agricultural Cooperatives and Unions of Cooperatives in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Opportunities for Improvement

Weiming, Tian; Xiumei, Liu; Xia, Kang.

This study assesses how the transfer of rural labor to non-farm sectors affects China's national economy and the role the agricultural sector plays with respect to rural-urban migration. Econometric models using official Chinese statistics are used to: evaluate the marginal productivities of rural labor in agriculture versus non-agriculture; identify determinants of rural labor transfer; and assess the socioeconomic impacts of these transfers. It is concluded that though agricultural growth stems problems relating to over-urbanization, there are significant economic costs and undesirable social consequences associated with under-urbanization. Gains brought about by flexibility in the transfer of rural labor to non rural labor include higher GDP and reduced...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; China; Migration; Rural labor; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12006

Hanson, James C.; Matavulj, Miodrag; Manzuk, Gregory; Richardson, John G..

Given the breakup of Yugoslavia and the ensuing war, there has been massive changes in the agricultural structure in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In particular, the remade cooperatives and the unions of cooperatives that are supposed to serve them are struggling. This paper examines the needs of the agricultural cooperatives to be more successful and identifies what support will likely come from the unions of cooperatives and what must come from other sources. Data was obtained in three ways: 1) questionnaires to a large group of cooperatives, 2) focus groups with a smaller number of cooperatives, and 3) personal interviews with union of cooperatives representatives. The findings indicated that the unions of cooperatives are working on institutional issues such...

Determinantes e Hierarquização do Índice de Desenvolvimento Rural dos Municípios Mato-grossenses (2006)

Palavras-chave: Bosnia and Herzegovina; Agricultural cooperatives; Union of agricultural cooperatives; Agricultural development; Agribusiness.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7344

Pereira, Benedito Dias; Oyamada, Graciela Cristine; Silva, Gerson Rodrigues; Faria, Alexandre Magno; Seba, Maristela Almeida.

Mato Grosso ao longo de sua história passou de uma economia baseada na pecuária para uma economia essencialmente agrícola, destacando-se no cenário agrícola nacional e mundial pelas suas produções e exportações de soja e algodão, dentre outros bens de origem agropastoril. Este trabalho tem como propósito compreender a heterogeneidade espacial do desenvolvimento rural mato-grossense a partir do grau de desenvolvimento de cada município. Com base em dados secundários, com recorrência à análise fatorial, adaptada de Melo & Parré (2007), ajustada para Mato Grosso, constatou-se que mais da metade dos municípios (60,99%) do Estado se posicionam abaixo da média do grau de desenvolvimento encontrada (52,99), enquanto que apenas 30,99% situam-se acima...

Assessment of the effectiveness of maize seed assistance to vulnerable farm households in Zimbabwe

Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento rural; Análise fatorial; Mato Grosso; Agricultural development; Factorial analysis; Mato Grosso; Community/Rural/Urban Development.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107925

Langyintuo, Augustine S.; Setimela, Peter S..

The publication describes outcomes of a study to assess the effectiveness of a large-scale crop seed relief effort in Zimbabwe during 2003-07. Aims of the effort, which was supported by the British Department for International Development (DfID) and coordinated by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) regional office in Harare, included broader diffusion of open-pollinated maize varieties (OPVs), as opposed to hybrids. Based on the findings of the study, the authors recommend that, to increase benefits to vulnerable groups, participants in such efforts should effectively disseminate information on selecting and recycling seed, supported by training and field demonstrations, and should target relatively well-endowed farmers initially. Recommendations...

Tropical and Subtropical Maize in Asia: Production Systems, Constraints, and Research Priorities

Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Technical aid; Farm income; Food production; Maize; Open pollination; Hybrids; Zimbabwe; Crop Production/Industries; International Development.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7655

Gerpacio, Roberta V.; Pingali, Prabhu L..

This book examines future technological and policy prospects for the sustainable intensification of rainfed upland maize production in Asia, and derives R&D priorities for specific maize production environments and markets. Village-level and farmer-group surveys were conducted to characterize upland maize production environments and systems in China, India, Indonesia, Nepal, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. Survey findings, particularly farmer-identified constraints to maize production, complemented with other relevant data, were used in country-level, R&D priority-setting workshops. High on the list of farmer constraints was drought, estimated to affect three production environments that are home to about 48 million rural poor and produce...

Tipo: Book

Palavras-chave: Maize; Agricultural development; Farming systems; Production policies; Environmental factors; Cropping systems; Research projects; Project management; Asia; Crop Production/Industries; E10.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56107

The Role of Agriculture in Reducing Poverty in Tanzania: A Household Perspective from Rural Kilimanjaro and Ruvuma

Sarris, Alexander H.; Savastano, Sara; Christiaensen, Luc J.M..

This paper explores how farm productivity affects poverty, and how various factor market constraints affect farm productivity. The empirical analysis draws on representative surveys of farm households in Kilimanjaro and Ruvuma, two cash crop growing regions in Tanzania. We find that poorer households do not only possess fewer assets, but are also much less productive. We find that agricultural productivity directly affects household consumption and hence overall poverty and welfare. Stochastic production frontier analysis indicates that many farmers are farming well below best practice in the region. Analysis of allocative efficiency suggests that family labour is substantially over utilized, a sign of considerable excess labour supply. Use of intermediate...