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| Registros recuperados: 193 | |
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| Michael E. Baker; Charlie Chandsawangbhuwana. |
| *Background.* The origins of steroid-dependent regulation of the vertebrate estrogen receptor (ER) are poorly understood. Genes with statistically significant sequence similarity to vertebrate ERs have been found in lamprey, a basal vertebrate, and amphioxus, a basal chordate. Motif analysis of these sequences provides an opportunity to investigate early events in the evolution of the ER.
*Results.* We used artificial intelligence-based software to construct twelve motifs specific to the estrogen-binding domain of ER[alpha] and ER[beta] in land vertebrates and teleosts. We mapped these ER-specific motifs onto the sequences of lamprey, amphioxus, invertebrate and selected vertebrate ERs and amphioxus and human estrogen-related receptor... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1542/version/1 |
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| John Skoyles. |
| Human childhood and adolescence is the period in which adult cognitive competences (including those that create the unique cooperativeness of humans) are acquired. It is also a period when neural development puts a juvenile’s survival at risk due to the high vulnerability of their brain to energy shortage. The brain of a 4 year-old human uses ≈50% of its total energy expenditure (TEE) (cf. adult ≈12%). This brain expensiveness is due to (1) the brain making up ≈6% of a 4 year-old body compared to 2% in an adult, and (2) increased energy metabolism that is ≈100% greater in the gray matter of a child than in an adult (a result of the extra costs of synaptic neuromaturation). The high absolute number of... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Neuroscience; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7096/version/1 |
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| Anthonie W. J. Muller. |
| Darwin already commented on the lateness in the fossil record of the emergence of the animals, calling it a valid argument against his theory of evolution^1^. This emergence of the animals (metazoans: multicellular animals) has therefore attracted much attention^2-5^. Two decades ago it was reported that extensive global glaciations (Snowball Earths) preceded the emergence^6-7^. Here we causally relate the emergence and the glaciations by invoking benthic sessile^8-11^ thermosynthesizing^12-13^ protists that gained free energy as ATP while oscillating in the thermal gradient between a submarine hydrothermal vent^14^ and the ice-covered ocean. During a global glaciation their size increased from microscopic to macroscopic due to the selective advantage of a... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3333/version/2 |
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| Satya N. V. Arjunan; Masaru Tomita. |
| The-Cell System is an advanced open-source simulation platform to model and analyze biochemical reaction networks. The present algorithm modules of the system assume that the reacting molecules are all homogeneously distributed in the reaction compartments, which is not the case in some cellular processes. The MinCDE system in Escherichia coli, for example, relies on intricately controlled reaction, diffusion and localization of Min proteins on the membrane and in the cytoplasm compartments to inhibit cell division at the poles of the rod-shaped cell. To model such processes, we have extended the E-Cell System to support reaction-diffusion and dynamic localization of molecules in volume and surface compartments. We evaluated our method by modeling the in... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3526/version/1 |
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| Prajakta Belsare; Milind Watve. |
| We examine here, using a simple mathematical model, the conditions under which thrifty genes or fetal programming could evolve. Obesity and related disorders are thought to have their roots in metabolic thirftiness that evolved to combat periodic starvation. The failure to detect any thrifty genes and the association of low birth weight with type 2 diabetes, caused a shift in the concept from thrifty gene to thrifty phenotype and fetal programming. This hypothesis assumes that intra-uterine undernutrition programs the body to be thrifty, predicting and preparing for starvation in later life. However, there are reproductive costs associated with thriftiness. Results of the model suggest that under no condition thrifty and non-thrifty genes would co-exist... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2709/version/1 |
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| Ji-Sun Kim; Ji-Hui Seo; Hyung-Soon Yim; Sa-Ouk Kang. |
| Homeobox genes encode proteins with a highly conserved DNA-binding motif and provoke morphological diversification of body segments by differentially controlling the expression of downstream targets. Here, we have identified _hbx4_, one of many homeobox genes in _Dictyostelium discoideum_ and investigated its role during growth and development. In suspension, Hbx4-overexpressing cells, Hbx4^OE^, showed defects in cytokinesis and growth rate. During development, Hbx4^OE^ and _hbx4_-disrupting cells, _hbx4¯_ made differences in shape of mound and slug, cell-type proportioning from wild type KAx3 cells. These phenotypes were similar to those of mutant defective in _cadA_ encoding Ca^2+^-dependent cell adhesion molecule so that we investigated the... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Molecular Cell Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4194/version/1 |
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| Wei-yi Cheng; Hoon Kim; Jessica Kandel; Dimitris Anastassiou. |
| Tumors become invasive by penetrating adjacent connective tissue, but the underlying biological mechanisms remain obscure. We recently identified a precise gene expression signature of fibroblastic origin associated with cancer invasion, the first step of the metastatic cascade. The signature contains many coordinately overexpressed genes, prominent among which are COL11A1, THBS2 and INHBA. Here we show that there is a striking similarity between the set of expressed genes in this metastasis-associated fibroblastic (MAF) signature and the set of genes that are downregulated when fibroblasts are reprogrammed to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Because it is known that fibroblast reprogramming involves a mesenchymal epithelial transition (MET), the... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Developmental Biology; Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5924/version/1 |
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| Gizachew Tiruneh. |
| *Objective:* To investigate the best statistical models that describe the effect of physical activity on BMI.
*Design:* Cross-sectional analyses of physical activity and BMI data.Subjects: 107 obese, overweight, and healthy college students (mean duration of physical activity for the normal, overweight, and obese students: 89, 59, and 24 months, respectively; mean BMI for the normal, overweight, and obese students: 21.61, 27.07, and 35.54 kg/m^2^, respectively).
*Measurements:* Inverse linear, inverse logarithmic, and inverse logistics models were used to analyze survey data for physical activity (measured by both frequency and duration of exercise) and BMI. Gender, age, and physical intensity variables were also... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2758/version/3 |
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| Guenther Witzany. |
| Telomeres identify natural chromosome ends being different from broken DNA through differences in their "molecular syntax" (M.Eigen) which determines the functions of reverse transcriptase and its integrated RNA template, telomerase. Although telomeres play a crucial role in the linear chromosome organization of eukaryotic cells, their molecular syntax descended from an ancient retroviral competence. This is an indicator for the early retroviral colonization of large double stranded DNA viruses, which are putative ancestors of the eukaryotic nucleus.
This talk will demonstrate certain advantages of the biosemiotic approach towards our evolutionary understanding of telomeres: focus on the genetic/genomic structures as... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Ecology; Genetics & Genomics; Microbiology. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/932/version/1 |
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| Jicun Wang; Thomas Michelitsch; Arne Wunderlin; Ravi Mahadeva. |
| It is now increasingly realized that the underlying mechanisms which govern aging is a complex interplay of genetic regulation and damage accumulation. Aging as a result of accumulation of ‘faults’ on cellular and molecular levels, has been proposed in the damage (fault)-accumulation theory by Kirkwood 2006. However, this theory fails to explain some aging phenotypes such as fibrosis and premature aging, since terms such as ‘damage’ and ‘fault’ are not specified. Therefore we introduce here a specification of the underlying mechanism of aging and arrive at a novel theory: aging of the body is a result of the accumulation of Misrepair of tissue. It emphasizes: a) it is Misrepair, not the... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2988/version/2 |
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| Satya N. V. Arjunan; Masaru Tomita. |
| Many important cellular processes are regulated by reaction-diffusion (RD) of molecules that takes place both in the cytoplasm and on the membrane. To model and analyze such multicompartmental processes, we developed a lattice-based Monte Carlo method, Spatiocyte that supports RD in volume and surface compartments at single molecule resolution. Stochasticity in RD and the excluded volume effect brought by intracellular molecular crowding, both of which can significantly affect RD and thus, cellular processes, are also supported. We verified the method by comparing simulation results of diffusion, irreversible and reversible reactions with the predicted analytical and best available numerical solutions. Moreover, to directly compare the localization... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3845/version/1 |
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| Yuichiro Hira; Jun Terai; Mitsuru Nakamura; Etsu Tashiro; Masaya Imoto; Kotaro Oka; Kohji Hotta. |
| Chemical biology approach enables us to understand the complex biological systems,using small molecules such as a specific activator or inhibitor of protein, a hormone-likeinducer, or a neurotransmitter etc. When such approach is performed genome-widely, that research is especially called "chemical genomics". We are planning to make a new start of chemical genomics using one of chordate model animal, ascidian. As a first step, we constructed a database called ACBD (Ascidians Chemical Biology Database).

First, we reviewed and annotated past articles which describe the uses of small chemicals in the field of ascidians biology. In ACBD, chemical information and effects on ascidian are manually extracted... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Data Standards. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5087/version/2 |
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| Jicun Wang; Thomas Michelitsch; Arne Wunderlin; Ravi Mahadeva. |
| It is now increasingly realized that the underlying mechanisms which govern aging is a complex interplay of genetic regulation and damage accumulation. Aging as a result of accumulation of ‘faults’ on cellular and molecular levels, has been proposed in the damage (fault)-accumulation theory by Kirkwood 2006. However, this theory fails to explain some aging phenotypes such as fibrosis and premature aging, since terms such as ‘damage’ and ‘fault’ are not specified. Therefore we introduce here a specification of the underlying mechanism and arrive at a novel theory: aging of the body is a result of the accumulation of Misrepair of tissue. It emphasizes: a) it is Misrepair, not the original... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2988/version/1 |
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| Registros recuperados: 193 | |
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