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| Registros recuperados: 383 | |
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| Makoto Shimada; Noriko Haraguchi; Akila Mayeda. |
| Since pre-mRNA splicing is processed by a spliceosome that is a huge complex consists of RNAs and as many as 200 proteins, it is considered that minimum intron size is limited by molecular size of the spliceosome. To understand splicing mechanism, we investigate human intron size distribution using annotated transcriptome database, H-InvDB. Distribution of obtained intron length shows that there is a mode at 83 nt in length with 4049 transcripts and number of introns decreases drastically in shorter than 65 nt, where numbers of transcripts in each locus also decrease. However, some introns less than 65 nt are observed, both shows high Codon Adaptation Index (CAI) and also observed orthologous transcripts in other mammals. These suggests that there is a... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5115/version/1 |
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| Djordje Bajic; Juan F. Poyatos. |
| Coupling the control of expression stochasticity (noise) with the capacity to expression change (plasticity) can constrain gene function and limit adaptation. Which factors contribute then to modulate this coupling? Transcription re-initiation is generally associated with coupling and this is commonly related to strong chromatin regulation. We alternatively show how strong regulation can however lead to plasticity uncorrelated to noise. The character of the regulation is also relevant, with plastic but noiseless genes usually subjected to broad expression activation whereas plastic and noisy genes experience targeted repression. This differential action is similarly noticed in how histones influence these genes. In contrast, we find that translational... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6729/version/1 |
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| Diego Luis Gonzalez; Simone Giannerini; Rodolfo Rosa. |
| The origin of the genetic code represents one of the most challenging problems in molecular evolution. The genetic code is an important universal feature of extant organisms and indicates a common ancestry of different forms of life on earth. Known variants of the genetic code can be mainly divided in mitochondrial and nuclear classes. Here we provide a new insight on the origin of the mitochondrial genetic code: we found that its degeneracy distribution can be explained by using a mathematical approach recently developed for the description of the Euplotes nuclear variant of the genetic code. The results point to a primeval mitochondrial genetic code composed of four base codons, which we call tesserae, that, among other features, exhibit outstanding... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7136/version/1 |
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| Rodrick Wallace. |
| Expanding the modern synthesis requires elevating the role of interaction within and across various biological scales to the status of an evolutionary principle. One way to do this is to characterize genes, gene expression, and embedding environment as information sources linked by crosstalk, constrained by the asymptotic limit theorems of information theory (Wallace, 2010a). This produces an inherently interactive structure that escapes the straightjacket of mathematical population genetics or other replicator dynamics. Here, we examine fitness from that larger perspective, finding it intimately intertwined with niche construction. Two complementary models are explored: niche construction as mediating the connection between environmental signals and gene... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Ecology; Genetics & Genomics; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5059/version/1 |
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| Claudiu I. Bandea. |
| Viruses are the most abundant life forms and the repertoire of viral genes is greater than that of cellular genes. It is also evident that viruses have played a major role in driving cellular evolution, and yet, viruses are not part of mainstream biology, nor are they included in the Tree of Life. A reason for this major paradox in biology is the misleading dogma of viruses as viral particles and their enigmatic evolutionary origin. This article presents an alternative view about the nature of viruses based on their properties during the intracellular stage of their life cycle, when viruses express features comparable to those of many parasitic cellular species. Supporting this view about the nature of viruses is a novel hypothetical evolutionary model for... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Microbiology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3886/version/1 |
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| Peter Roopnarine. |
| Food webs represent trophic interactions among species in communities. Those interactions both structure and are structured by species richness, ecological diversity, and evolutionary processes. Geological and macroevolutionary timescales are therefore important to the understanding of food web dynamics, and there is a need for the consideration of paleocommunity food webs. The fossil record presents challenges in this regard, but the problem can be approached with combinatoric analysis and network theory. This paper is an introduction to the aspects of those disciplines relevant to the study of paleo-food webs, and explores a probabilistic and numerical approach. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth & Environment; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4433/version/2 |
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| Rodrick Wallace. |
| Generalizing Landau's spontaneous symmetry breaking arguments using the standard groupoid approach to stereochemistry allows reconsideration of the origin of biological homochirality. On Earth, limited metabolic free energy density may have served as a low temperature analog to 'freeze' the system into the set of simplest homochiral transitive groupoids representing reproductive chemistries. These engaged in Darwinian competition until a single configuration survived. Subsequent path dependent evolutionary process licked in this initial condition. Astrobiological outcomes, in the presence of higher initial metabolic free energy densities, could well be considerably richer, perhaps of mixed chirality. One result would be a... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Earth & Environment; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3902/version/1 |
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| Etienne Joly. |
| Whilst the principle of adaptive evolution is unanimously recognised as being caused by the process of natural selection favouring the survival and/or reproduction of individuals having acquired new advantageous traits, a consensus has proven much harder to find regarding the actual origin of species. Indeed, since speciation corresponds to the establishment of reproductive barriers, it is difficult to see how it could bring a selective advantage because it amounts to a restriction in the opportunities to breed with as many and/or as diverse partners as possible. In this regard, Darwin himself did not believe that reproductive barriers could be selected for, and today most evolutionary biologists still believe that speciation can only occur through a... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5003/version/1 |
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| Carl Boettiger. |
| I consider the problem of evolutionary branching in adaptive dynamics without applying the limits of separation of timescales between ecological and evolutionary processes. I derive expressions for the waiting time for a branching event to occur and survive in terms of both ecological and evolutionary parameters, and show how demographic stochasticity alone can result in the frequent failure of adaptive branching. |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6852/version/1 |
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| Luisa Falcon; Susana Magallon; Amanda Castillo. |
| Cyanobacteria have played a pivotal role in the history of life on Earth being the first organism to carry out oxygenic photosynthesis, which changed atmospheric chemistry and allowed the evolution of Eukarya. Chloroplasts are the cellular organelles of photoautotrophic eukaryotes in which photosynthesis is conducted. Although the initial suggestion from Mereschkowsky (1905) that cyanobacteria are the ancestors of chloroplasts was greeted with skepticism, the idea is now widely accepted. Here we attempt to resolve and date the cyanobacterial ancestry of the chloroplast using phylogenetic analysis and molecular clocks, because until now, the long-standing question of, from which, among the vast diversity of cyanobacteria, did chloroplasts evolve, has not... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3696/version/1 |
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| Emanuele Raineri; Paolo Ribeca; Luis Serrano; Tobias Maier. |
| Molecular chaperones ensure that their substrate proteins reach the functional native state and prevent their aggregation. The bacterial GroEL/ES chaperonin system is understood in great detail on a structural, mechanistic and functional level. Its substrate proteins in E. coli have been identified and characterized. However, a long standing and yet unresolved question in the field is: what makes a protein a chaperone substrate?
Here we demonstrate with a bioinformatics-based approach that a simple set of criteria is sufficient to describe the GroEL substrate proteome to unprecedented accuracy. We define two novel parameters differentiating GroEL substrates from other cellular proteins: evolutionary rate and hydrophobicity. We demonstrate... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2968/version/2 |
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| Uttam Datta; Manik Lal Hembram; Subhasis Roy; Prasenjit Mukherjee. |
| Abstract:
Biochemical analysis of the cytosol fraction isolated from the ovotestis / spermatheca glands of marine mollusc Telescopium telescopium and it’s sperm microtubular structure revealed that relatively similar biomolecules like different enzymes, hormones, minerals and structures of the sperm are also exist in humans. Moreover, antiserum of the cytosol fraction was found to cross-react with the human sperm antigen indicated presence of a common sperm surface antigenicity between these two diversified species. These findings might support and / or hypothesize about the origin and diversification of the vertebrate molecules from its ancestral form (s) from the invertebrates, and basic physiological functions of these... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3386/version/1 |
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| Rodrick Wallace. |
| The Modern Evolutionary Synthesis formalizes the role of variation, heredity, differential reproduction, and mutation in population genetics. Here we explore a mathematical structure, based on the asymptotic limit theorems of communication theory, that instantiates the punctuated dynamic relations of organisms with their embedding environments, including the possibility of the transfer of heritage information between different classes of organisms. In essence, we provide something of a formal roadmap for the modernization of the Modern Synthesis, making application to both relatively rapid evolutionary punctuated equilibrium and to the conservation of ecological interactions across deep evolutionary time. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4496/version/2 |
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| Sk Sarif Hassan; Pabitra Pal Choudhury; Ranita Guha; Shantanav Chakraborty; Arunava Goswami. |
| In deciphering the DNA structures, evolutions and functions, Cellular Automata (CA) do have a significant role. DNA can be thought of as a one-dimensional multi-state CA, more precisely four states of CA namely A, T, C, and G which can be taken as numerals 0, 1, 2 and 3. Earlier, G.Ch. Sirakoulis et al reported the DNA structure, evolution and function through quaternary logic one dimensional CA and the authors have found the simulation results of DNA evolutions with the help of only four linear CA rules. The DNA sequences which are produced through the CA evolutions, however, are seen by our research team not to exist in the established databases of various genomes although the initial seed (initial global state of CA) was taken from the database. This... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5729/version/1 |
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| Registros recuperados: 383 | |
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