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Registros recuperados: 89
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Réseau de suivi de la croissance de l'huître creuse en Bretagne. Synthèse des quatre années 1989 à 1992 ArchiMer
Littaye-mariette, Anne; Mazurie, Joseph.
Since 1989, an homogeneous Crassostrea gigas oyster stock has been distributed once a year on several rearing sites in Brittany (3 populations per site). The main quantitative and qualitative growth descriptors, which reflect water quality effects during the monitoring period, are estimated at the end of each year. The 1989-1992 analysis prompted us to describe various growth responses correlated to biotops: oyster production in open areas influenced by oceanic waters was fairly constant in quality, including size and Polydora sp. infestation. In contrast, oysters in estuarine areas, partly affected by eutrophication (e.g., Aber Benoît, Pen Bé), or with a low carrying capacity, were characterized by weight and Polydora sp. infestation heterogeneity. These...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Polydora; Condition Index; Mortality; Growth; Monitoring; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Brittany; Polydora; Indice de condition; Mortalité; Croissance; Réseau; Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Bretagne.
Ano: 1993 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1993/rapport-1639.pdf
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Effet du CHANGEMENT GLOBAL sur la BIOLOGIE de l’huître creuse (C. gigas) dans le Bassin de Marennes-Oléron. Résultats, hypothèses et discussion ArchiMer
Soletchnik, Patrick; Polsenaere, Pierre; Le Moine, Olivier.
Historiquement, les pêches de larves de l’huître creuse (C. gigas) ont lieu en six stations du BMO depuis les années 70, de début juin à la première semaine de septembre. La comparaison des captures saisonnières et hebdomadaires entre les périodes P1 (1977-1991) et P2 (2000-2015) montre un ajustement de la distribution des captures de larves à un modèle polynomiale d’ordre 4 pour P1 (R2 = 0,77), puis d’ordre 2 pour P2 (R2 = 0,86). Les modèles de distribution des captures montrent que la saison de reproduction a doublé entre les deux périodes. Elle s’étend aujourd’hui de juin à septembre. Devant l’extension de la saison de reproduction, la saison de pêche expérimentale est aujourd’hui trop réduite. Toutefois, le pic d’abondance des captures n’a pas changé...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Huître; C. gigas; Changement global; Réchauffement climatique; Reproduction; Larve; Mortalité; Phénologie; Ostréiculture; Bassin de Marennes Oléron; Phytoplancton; Chlorophylle a; Température.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00441/55239/56723.pdf
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Les besoins écophysiologiques des larves d'huitres creuse Crassostrea gigas en conditions contrôlees : effet de la température, de la nourriture et modélisation de la croissance ArchiMer
Rico Villa, Benjamin.
Nowadays, spat production of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas relies on rearing techniques under controlled conditions in hatchery. In this context, an extensive research in aquaculture is necessary because larval development and metamorphosis are critical for hatchery management. Firstly, a diet consisted in a Haptophyceae: Isochrysis affinis galbana (clone T-ISO) and a Bacillariophyceae: Chaetoceros calcitrans forma pumilum demonstrated its efficiency to supply the nutritional needs throughout the whole larval rearing. Then, a flow-through rearing system was developed and coupled with a continuous hydrobiological data recorder to provide basic information for ecophysiology research through different trophic levels and/or temperature throughout larval...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Larve; Huître; Croissance; Ecophysiologie; Microalgues; Température; Système d’élevage; Modélisation; Crassostrea gigas; Larvae; Oyster; Growth; Ecophysiology; Microalgae; Temperature; Rearing System; Modelling.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00012/12308/9102.pdf
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La reproduction de Crassostrea gigas Thunberg dans le bassin d'Arcachon: bilan de deux années d'observations ArchiMer
His, Edouard.
A la suite des mortalités massives qui avaient affecté la population de C. angulata Lmk dès le premier trimestre 1971 dans le bassin d'Arcachon, la décision fut prise de renforcer rapidement le stock des géniteurs de C. gigas, susceptible d'assurer dès l'été une récolte de naissains et de permettre dans l'avenir une reconstitution des gisements naturels anéantis. En effet la présence sur les collecteurs immergés au cours de l'été 1970 de quelques sujets de l'espèce nouvellement introduite prouvait la possibilité pour les huîtres japonaises de se reproduire dans nos eaux.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Reproduction; Croissance; Bassin Arcachon; Gironde.
Ano: 1973 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00009/11981/8685.pdf
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Introduction into France of the Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas) ArchiMer
Grizel, Henri; Heral, Maurice.
The Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas) has been introduced in France on a large scale to replace cultivation of the Portuguese oyster (Crassostrea angulata), affected by a viral disease. The importation took place from 1971 to 1975, with broodstock coming from British Columbia (Canada) and spat from Japan. Good growth rate and success of the natural setting on the French Atlantic coast attested to the success of this implantation, with a production which reached 80000 t by 1976. The precautionary measures associated with this transfer Iimited the implantation of an introduced fauna, 15 years after, to: Balanus amphitrite, Aiptasia pulchella and, on the Mediterranean coast, Undaria pinnatifida and Laminaria japonica. The authors also discuss the possible...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Oyster; Introduction; Crassostrea gigas; Huître; Introduction.
Ano: 1991 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/publication-2760.PDF
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Infection virale associée à la "maladie des branchies" de l'huître portugaise Crassostrea angulata LmK ArchiMer
Comps, Michel; Duthoit, Jean-louis.
Some particles and viral damages linked to a strong cellular hypertrophy have been observed in the branchial necrosis of some Portuguese oysters contaminated by the Gill disease. The structure and development of the virions, as well as the cellular alteration, are studied by electron microscopy.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea angulata; Huître; Pathologie; Virologie.
Ano: 1976 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1976/publication-5920.PDF
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Etude et modélisation de la dynamique des populations de bivalves en élevage (Crassostrea gigas et Mytilus galloprovincialis) dans le bassin de Thau (Méditerranée, France) et des ascidies solitaires associées ArchiMer
Gangnery, Aline.
The total standing stock of bivalves cultured in Thau Lagoon (France) that is mainly constituted of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, and the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, vary between 14,000 and 20,000 tons within a year. These variations were attributed to the rearing cycle of molluscs in the lagoon but also to their growth performances. Oysters cultured in the Thau Lagoon presented the best growth rate ever reported whereas trophic conditions are low : mean concentrations in organic particulate matter and total chlorophyll a averaged 1 mg.l-1 and 1.2 µg.l-1, respectively. The development of a growth model shows that temporal pattern (i.e. seasonality) of bivalve growth is explained by water temperature and spatial pattern is...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Lagoon ecosystem; Resource management; Rearing strategies; Production; Standing stock; Hydrobiology; Growth; Shellfish culture; Ascidiella aspersa; Mussel; Oyster; Ecosystème lagunaire; Gestion des ressources; Stratégies d'élevage; Production; Stock; Hydrobiologie; Croissance; Conchyliculture; Ascidiella aspersa; Moule; Huître.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/these-102.pdf
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L'huître et le contrôle sanitaire ostréicole ArchiMer
Lambert, Louis.
Les mollusques et en particulier les huîtres ont de tout temps joué un rôle considérable dans l’alimentation humaine. Divers auteurs latins, d'autres, plus nombreux, du moyen âge, ont dit les mérites de nos huîtres indigènes qui paraient les tables les mieux servies. Pour les habitants de nos rivages les coquillages ont toujours été nourriture courante, mais la difficulté la longueur des transports ne permettaient pas de les expédier bien loin des côtes. L'exploitation des gisements naturels était la principale industrie, de nombreux auteurs disent la seule, mais à tort, car, dès le XIIIe siècle, la culture de la moule était pratiquée sur nos côtes du Centre Ouest ; un peu partout, les pêcheurs savaient installer des parcs sur les terrains baignés par la...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Huître; Anatomie; Reproduction; Historique; Etablissement Ostréicole; Contrôle sanitaire.
Ano: 1936 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00003/11463/8023.pdf
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Experimental evidence for a genetic basis to differences in aneuploidy in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) ArchiMer
Leitao, Alexandra; Boudry, Pierre; Mccombie, Helen; Gerard, Andre; Thiriot-quievreux, Catherine.
Aneuploidy has been previously reported in wild and cultivated Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, and has been shown to be negatively correlated with growth. This is especially important since high variability of growth rate is one of the major problems in the aquacultural production of this species. The existence of a genetic basis for the observed differences in aneuploidy was first investigated through the comparative study of six full-sib families, with mean individual weights ranging from 0.59 to 1.49 g. The slowest growing family was found to have the highest level of aneuploidy. Significant differences in aneuploidy were also found among families when individuals with the same growth rate were sampled. This supports the hypothesis of the existence...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Oyster; Growth; Genetics; Full sib families; Crassostrea gigas; Aneuploidy; Huître; Croissance; Génétique; Famille de plein frères; Crassostrea gigas; Aneuploïdie.
Ano: 2001 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/publication-2700.pdf
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Exploitation des huîtres en Nouvelle Calédonie échantillonnage des stocks naturels d'huîtres de paletuviers (Saccostrea cucullata) et aménagement des pêches ArchiMer
Bodoy, Alain; Morin, Jocelyne.
We analysed a few aspects of oyster culture in New Caledonia. Oyster culture there is not very important, one farm producing 30 tonnes of Japanese oysters per year and the other one, 3 tonnes of rock oysters. Mangrove oyster deposits are traditionally exploited, and this exploitation lead to a decrease of the densities and biomasses observed in the most exploited estuaries. On the four monitored sites, the maximum size observed is comprised between 7.2 to 10 cm, for a mode comprised between 3.6 and 4.8 cm. Densities go from 31 to 251 oysters and biomasses, from 0.751 to 2.553 kg/m2. Regulations focus on the minimum collection size (6 cm) and a fishing prohibition period of 8 months. Based on our observations, we suggest that these dispositions be...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Aménagement des Pêches; Stocks; Echantillonnage; Huître; Mangrove.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-6527.pdf
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Traitement à haute température des huîtres infectées par l’ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1). TEMPO - Rapport 2016 ArchiMer
Pernet, Fabrice.
Le naissain d’huître creuse Crassostrea gigas est touché chaque année depuis 2008 par des mortalités causées par un microvariant de l’ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 μVar). Plusieurs études montrent que ces évènements de mortalité se produisent préférentiellement lorsque la température de l’eau est comprise entre 16°C et 24°C. Par conséquent, une exposition rapide des huîtres infectées par OsHV-1 à des températures supérieures à 24°C pourrait limiter les mortalités causées par le virus. Il est proposé de (1) vérifier l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’exposition à haute température réduit la mortalité des huîtres infectées par OsHV-1, et (2) déterminer si les animaux qui ont survécu suite à l’infection par OsHV-1 et au traitement thermique sont...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Epidémiologie; Huître; OsHV-1; Risque; Survie; Température; Epidemiology; Oysters; OsHV-1; Risk; Survival; Temperature.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00434/54574/55953.pdf
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Ecophysiologie de la maturation sexuelle et de la ponte de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas : réponses métaboliques (respiration) et alimentaires (filtration, absorption) en fonction des différents stades de maturation ArchiMer
Soletchnik, Patrick; Razet, Daniel; Geairon, Philippe; Faury, Nicole; Goulletquer, Philippe.
The study of maturation and spawning of the oyster is part of a research program to investigate the summer mortalities of the oysters, Crassostrea gigas in Marennes-Oléron Bay. Four maturity stages were simultaneously obtained by diet and thermal conditioning (immature, low maturation, mature and post-spawning stages). Measurements of clearance, filtration, absorption and respiration rates allowed a calculation of the scope for growth and hence an estimation of the oyster's energetic budget at various maturity stages. Male and female oysters had similar physiological responses. The filtration rate ranged from 2.4 to 2.6 1.h(-1) at the early stages of maturation and decreased to 1.8 1.h.' during the maturity stage. Growth rate resulting from gonad...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Conditionnement; Maturation; Filtration; Absorption; Respiration; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Conditioning; Maturation; Filtration; Absorption and respiration rates.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/publication-3090.pdf
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Etude de la structure des communautés bactériennes du sédiment et de l'écologie de Vibrio aestuarianus pathogène de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas dans deux sites ostréicoles ArchiMer
Azandegbe, Afi.
Since several years, the French oyster farming copes with high mortality affecting juveniles and some adults of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Studies conducted in the framework of a multidisciplinary project (MOREST) showed that mortality was related to several factors like physiological and genetic status of oyster, pathogens including bacteria of the genus Vibrio, and revealed that the sediment, on which the oyster cages are installed, might play a particular role. This has been suggested because of the concomitance of the mortalities and increased toxic compounds like ammonia and sulphides in the sediment. Moreover, the presence of Vibrio bacteria in the sediment indicates a dual role of sediment in the mortality onset. The physico-chemical...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Bactéries; Vibrio aestuarianus; Écologie; Sédiment; Ammonium; Sulfures; Oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Bacteria; Vibrio aestuarianus; Ecology; Sediment; Ammonia; Sulphide.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00032/14277/11561.pdf
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Apport de la génétique pour une meilleure connaissance des populations naturelles et une amélioration des populations cultivées d'huîtres plates et creuses ArchiMer
Lapegue, Sylvie.
In the framework of the French diploma "Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches", Sylvie Lapègue's synthesis of research includes ten years (1998-2007) of work in bivalve genetics, and mainly cupped and flat oysters. This research has been developed in (1) flat oyster population genetics at the European level and cupped oyster populations and species genetics at a global scale, (2) the characterization of a cytogenetic particularity observed in oysters that corresponds to a high rate of aneuploidy in somatic cells, and (3) more recently in the use of molecular markers for the construction or improvement of genetic maps, allowing (4) the identification of areas of the genome related to the resistance to summer mortality in the Pacific oyster and the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ostrea; Crassostrea; Oysters; QTLs; Genetic maps; Breeding; Aneuploidy; Population genetics; Ostrea; Crassostrea; Huître; QTLs; Cartes génétiques; Amélioration; Aneuploïdie; Génétique des populations.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/these-3478.pdf
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HLIN - Huîtres du Littoral Normand - Suivi de la colonisation et du recrutement des huîtres sauvages sur le littoral normand - Etat des travaux 2011-2013 ArchiMer
Pien, Sebastien; Maheux, Franck; Gauquelin, Thibaut; Le Gendre, Romain.
Sur plusieurs points du littoral français, les bancs sauvages d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas se développent depuis une trentaine d'années. et cette colonisation a tendance à se développer vers le nord, conséquence probable du réchauffement climatique. Si la Normandie est encore très peu touchée par ce phénomène, il semble toutefois opportun de suivre l'évolution de cette colonisation dans les années à venir et apprécier les conséquences futures de cette colonisation sur l'économie ostréicole normande. Après une étude effectuée par l'intermédiaire d'un stage en 2010, la période 2011-2013 a permis de mettre en œuvre et d'améliorer les propositions de protocole émis lors des travaux de 2010. De plus, certains points particuliers, comme l'origine du...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Huître; Colonisation; Hydrodynamisme; Crassotrea gigas; Espèce invasive.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00191/30258/28701.pdf
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La Bonamiose, maladie de l'huître plate ArchiMer
Tendel, Fabienne.
Depuis une dizaine d'années, des mortalités massives dues au protozoaire parasite Bonamia ostreae affectent la production de l'huître plate Ostrea edulis. Dans un premier temps, l'étude de la maladie s'est essentiellement bornée à une description du parasite, de· l'anatomopathologie de l'infection et de l'épidémiologie. Les chercheurs s'orientent maintenant vers des études expérimentales visant à élucider le mécanisme d'action du parasite, en s'inspirant de modèles rencontrés chez les vertébrés.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Boniose; Bonamia ostreae; Huître; Huître plate; Relation Hote-parasite; Maladie.
Ano: 1989 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00470/58208/60710.pdf
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Etude comparative en cytométrie en flux des fonctions estérases et du métabolisme oxydatif d'hémocytes d'huîtres saines, parasitées, sensibles et résistantes au protozoaire Bonamia ostrea ArchiMer
Cochennec, Nathalie; Garcia, Sandrine; Bedier, Edouard.
In order to fight Bonamiosis, the applicable means are very limited and mostly based on a quick and precocious diagnostic aimed at avoiding the propagation of the disease and a rise in the "resistance" through genetic selection. Various works are conducted in order to understand the oysters' defence mechanisms against this parasite, and then to develop new prophylaxis and fighting methods. In our laboratory, we focus on cellular compartments, the circulating haemocytes, in which B. ostreae multiplies, and their interaction with the parasite.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Protozoaire; Huître; Hémocytes; Cytométrie en flux; Bonamia ostreae; Biologie cellulaire.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3275.pdf
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Mortalité de Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin de Marennes Oléron. Etude physico chimique du sédiment. Etude du modèle de mortalité "plat-table" de C. gigas dans le bassin de Marennes Oléron. Etude "Dynamo" du projet MOREST ArchiMer
Soletchnik, Patrick; Bouchet, Vincent; Malestroit, Pascal; Seugnet, Jean-luc; Blouin, Frederic; Radford-knoery, Joël; Burgeot, Thierry; Sauriau, Pierre-guy.
In the scope of the study of the "on-bottom/off-bottom" mortality model in the south of the Marennes Oléron Bay, the result of the 2003 multidisciplinary study (Dynamor) appears to be the hypothesis of an acute stress, "ultimate" trigger of the mortality episodes in June. In 2004 we aim to look for the nature of this stress through the physico-chemical analysis of the sediment (Eh, pH, sulphides and ammoniacal nitrogen), the organic matter and chlorophyll load on the surface of the sediment between April and July. Herbicides are also measured in the water column, south of the bay (Seudre), during the same period. A "precocious" (around the first week of June) and "weak" (lower mortality rate on this working site since 1997) mortality peak happens when the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Bassin Marennes Oléron; Phytobenthos; Mortalité; Crassostrea gigas; Foraminiferes benthiques; Répartition verticale; Sédiment; Huître; Echantillonnage.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/rapport-3383.pdf
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Observations sur la reproduction des huîtres dans la Seudre (Bassin de Marennes-Oléron) en 1972 ArchiMer
Le Borgne, Annick; Gras, Paul; Comps, Michel; Razet, Daniel.
Après la mortalité massive de 19701-71 qui entraîna la quasi-disparition de l'huître portugaise (Crassostrea angulata), on assite depuis trois ans à l'extension de la culture de l'huître du Pacifique (Crassostrea gigas) dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron. Cette espèces introduite en fait depuis 1966 montra durant la période de mortalité massive une vigueur et une résistance exceptionnelles, comparativement à l'huître portugaise.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ostréiculture; Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Reproduction; Bassin Marennes Oléron; Charente-Maritime.
Ano: 1973 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00009/12006/8698.pdf
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Déterminismes génétiques de l'allocation à la reproduction chez les huîtres creuses (Crassostrea gigas) triploïdes ArchiMer
Normand, Julien.
In diploid Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, gonadic development can be important in terms of energetic investment. Phenotypic and genetic negative correlations have also been observed between gonadic occupation and traits related to survival and growth, and this fact suggests that this trait could be deleterious for its aquaculture production. Triploidy can be been artificially induced to improve the production of Pacific oysters as it results in a general diminution of mean gonadic development. This trait is however highly variable. In this context, this study aimed to quantify and qualify the allocation to reproduction in triploid oysters and to study its genetic bases. Variability for allocation to reproduction and growth was first studied in 3 sets of...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Triploidy x genetic interaction; Genetic determinism; Sexual dimorphism; Gametogenesis; Allocation to reproduction; Triploid; Oyster; Interaction triploïdie x génétique; Déterminisme génétique; Dimorphisme sexuel; Gamétogenèse; Allocation à la reproduction; Triploïde; Huître.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/these-6971.PDF
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