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First report of Botrytis cinerea on Lilium polyphyllum, a critically endangered herb in Uttarakhand, India Phyton
Dhyani,A; Nautiyal,BP; Nautiyal,MC; Rivera,MC; Prasad,D; Singh,KP.
Lilium polyphyllum is a critically endangered herb in the wilds of Uttarakhand, India. Gray mold appeared as a new disease on this species from July to August (2008-2009) causing death of inflorescences and shoots. Botrytis cinerea was consistently isolated on PDA, from infected inflorescences. Pathogenicity was established by inoculation of potted plants of L. polyphyllum in a glasshouse. Botrytis cinerea was recorded as a gray mold pathogen on L. polyphyllum for the first time in India, causing flower and shoot blight. Tis disease may seriously afect reproductive stages of this endangered host. To our knowledge, B. cinerea had not been reported previously on L. polyphyllum.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Lilium polyphyllum; Gray mold; Botrytis cinerea; First report; India.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1851-56572012000200003
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Social Learning, Neighborhood Effects, and Investment in Human Capital: Evidence from Green-Revolution India AgEcon
Yamauchi, Futoshi.
This paper empirically identifies social learning and neighborhood effects in schooling investments in a new technology regime. The estimates of learning-investment rule from farm household panel data at the onset of the Green Revolution in India, show that (1) agents learn about schooling returns from income realizations of their neighbors and (2) schooling distribution of the parents’ generation in a community has externalities to schooling investments in children that are consistent with social learning. Simulations show that variations in schooling distributions within and across communities generate through social learning substantial variations in child enrollment rate and average household income. The results suggest that imperfect information...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Human capital; Social learning; Neighborhood effects; Income risk; Schooling distribution; Technical change; India; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59592
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Estimating the Adoption of Bt Eggplant in India: Who Benefits from Public-Private Partnership? AgEcon
Krishna, Vijesh V.; Qaim, Matin.
The study analyzes ex-ante the adoption of insect resistant Bt eggplant in India. Farmers' willingness to pay (WTP) is estimated using the contingent valuation method. Given the economic importance of insect pests, the average WTP for proprietary Bt hybrids is more than four times the current price of conventional hybrids. Since the private innovating firm has shared its technology with the public sector, it is likely that public open-pollinated Bt varieties will also be released after a small delay. This will reduce farmers' WTP for Bt hybrids by 35%, thus decreasing the scope for corporate pricing policies. Nonetheless, ample profit potential remains. Analysis of factors influencing farmers' adoption decisions demonstrates that public Bt varieties will...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Public-private partnership; Biotechnology; Bt eggplant; Adoption; Willingness to pay; India; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25311
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Going Digital: Computerized Land Registration and Credit Access in India AgEcon
Deininger, Klaus W.; Goyal, Aparajita.
Despite strong beliefs that property titling and registration will enhance credit access, empirical evidence in support of such effects remains scant. The gradual roll-out of computerization of land registry systems across Andhra Pradesh’s 387 sub-registry offices (SROs) allows us to combine quarterly administrative data on credit disbursed by all commercial banks for a 11 year period (1997-2007) aggregated to the SRO level with the date of shifting registration from manual to digital. Computerization had no credit effect in rural areas but led to increased credit-supply in urban ones. A marked increase of registered urban mortgages due to computerization supports the robustness of the result. At the same time, estimated impacts from reduction of stamp...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Land Registration; Credit; Transactions; Computerization; India; International Development; Land Economics/Use; G28; Q24; R51; R52.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61257
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Trends and Developments in India's Livestock Industry AgEcon
Tisdell, Clement A.; Gali, Jyothi.
Since India’s independence some 50 years ago, it has experienced considerable economic growth and structural change; a trend accelerated by its structural reforms which began in 1991. These changes are also reflected in trends in its livestock sector which has shown considerable growth in recent decades (especially since the late 1970s). There have also been major changes in the composition of the Indian livestock sector. The population of non-ruminants (particularly chickens) has expanded very rapidly and so their relative importance has risen substantially. Non-ruminant production (poultry and pigs) has increasingly become commercialised and industrial in nature. Trends and developments in India’s livestock industries since 1961 are outlined....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: India; Livestock production; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48006
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How Inefficient Really Are the Small-Scale Rice Farmers in Eastern India?: Examining the Effects of Microtopography on the Estimation of Technical Efficiency AgEcon
Fuwa, Nobuhiko; Edmonds, Christopher M.; Banik, Pabitra.
We focus on the impact of failing to control for differences in land types defined along toposequence on estimates of farm technical efficiency for small-scale rice farms in eastern India. In contrast with the existing literature, we find that those farms may be considerably more technically efficient than they appear from more aggregated analysis without such control. Farms planted with modern rice varieties are technically efficient. Furthermore, farms planted with traditional rice varieties operate close to the production frontier on less productive lands (upland and mid-upland), but significant technical inefficiency exists on more productive lands (medium land and lowland).
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Technical efficiency; Stochastic frontier production function; Productivity; Rice; India; Farm Management; O13; O33; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19435
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Impacts of Soybean Imports on Indian Processors, Farmers, and Consumers AgEcon
Persaud, Suresh Chand; Dohlman, Erik.
India is one of the world’s largest importers of vegetable oils in part because of low domestic oilseed production, and tariff and nontariff barriers preventing oilseed imports. Simulation results indicate that India could lower its barriers to soybean imports without adversely affecting farmers, since imports are economically attractive to crushers even when subject to modest tariffs which sustain pre-liberalization farm and wholesale prices. Soybean processors in India achieve higher rates of capacity utilization and lower unit costs using imported oilseeds. Moreover, it is possible to partially redistribute to consumers the sizable gains processors experience by lowering the soybean oil tariff.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: India; Oilseeds; Processing cost; Soybeans; Trade liberalization; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62276
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The Excitement and Value of Discovering Tourism Economics: Clem Tisdell's Journey AgEcon
Tisdell, Clement A..
Outlines how Clem Tisdell came to discover tourism economics and charts the basic route that he followed in developing that interest. This article is developed by first considering his early years (1939 to 1960), that is the period prior to his commencement of postgraduate studies at the Australian National University, then his postgraduate studies at the Australian National University (1961-1963), and his lecturing appointment at this university in the period 1964-1972. It was towards the end of this period that his research interests started to change significantly and provided a springboard for his later focus on tourism economics and the environment. It was during his appointment as Professor of Economics at the University of Newcastle (1972-1989) that...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: China; Ecological economics; Economic development; Environmental economics; India; Nature-based tourism; Sustainable tourism; Tourism economics; Wildlife conservation.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; F18; L83; O10; Q5.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90631
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Technology-Climate Interactions in the Green Revolution in India AgEcon
McKinsey, James W., Jr.; Evenson, Robert E..
This paper presents a model of the Green Revolution in India, in which the development and diffusion of HYVs, the expansion of irrigation and the expansion of multiple-cropping are treated as endogenous responses to more basic investments in agricultural technology and infrastructure, as well as to climate and edaphic endowments. We incorporate explicit climate-technology interactions in the model, in order to identify climate effects on the diffusion of HYVs, irrigation and multiple-cropping, and on Net Revenue to agriculture. We find that climate affects technology development and diffusion, and that technology development and diffusion affect the impacts of climate on agricultural productivity in India.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Green Revolution; India; HYV; Rice; Wheat; Climate; Agricultural research; International Development; 112; 121; 226; 620; 710.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28452
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India Agricultural Policy Review AgEcon
Gilmour, Brad; Gurung, Rajendra Kumar.
With a population of about 1.1 billion, India is expected to overtake China as the world's most populous country by 2030. India's economy ranks as Asia's third largest, after Japan and China, and is now one of the world's fastest growing. While growth has led to significant reductions in poverty, India still ranks among the world's low income countries in terms of income per capita. Nevertheless, economic growth has resulted in a burgeoning middle-class. India's agriculture sector accounts for 18% of GDP, and employs around 60% of the workforce. Rice, wheat, cotton, oilseeds, jute, tea, sugarcane, milk and potatoes are India's major agricultural commodities. With its growing urban middle-class and increasing influence in global affairs, India's policies...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: India; Economic growth; Agricultural policy; Water scarcity; Market regulations; Agriculture; Water; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46456
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Energy-Use, the Environment and Development: Observations with Reference to China and India AgEcon
Tisdell, Clement A.; Roy, Kartik C..
None
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Kuznets Curve; China; India; Energy use; Pollution; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48953
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Dams AgEcon
Duflo, Esther; Pande, Rohini.
The construction of large dams is one of the most costly and controversial forms of public infrastructure investment in developing countries, but little is known about their impact. This paper studies the productivity and distributional effects of large dams in India. To account for endogenous placement of dams we use GIS data and the fact that river gradient affects a district's suitability for dams to provide instrumental variable estimates of their impact. We find that, in a district where a dam is built, agricultural production does not increase but poverty does. In contrast, districts located downstream from the dam benefit from increased irrigation and see agricultural production increase and poverty fall. Overall, our estimates suggest that large...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Dams; Development planning; Program evaluation; India; Public Economics; O21; O12; H43; H23.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28373
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Direct and Total Benefits of Irrigation in India and its Implications to Irrigation Financing and Cost Recovery AgEcon
Bhattarai, Madhusudan; Narayanamoorthy, Annasamy; Barker, Randolph.
Who benefits from irrigation development in an economy and who should pay for the cost? This question so far has not been well addressed in the irrigation literature. To answer this question we need to know, in addition to the information on farmers' level benefits (increased crop productivity), the magnitude of the total economy wide benefits derived by the farm and non-farm sector in the economy from irrigation development. In this study, taking an example from India, we have estimated the marginal benefits of irrigation, both direct (farm level benefits) and total (rural economy wide). Then we compute irrigation multiplier values in India, which range from 3 to 4.5. This suggests that two thirds or more of the benefits from irrigation development have...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Direct and Indirect impacts of irrigation; Irrigation multipliers; Cost recovery and financing; Panel data analysis; India; Agricultural Finance; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O130; Q010; Q180.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25664
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The Environment for Agricultural and Agribusiness Investment in India AgEcon
Landes, Maurice R..
Despite strong overall economic growth and strengthening food demand, investment in Indian agriculture and agribusiness has remained sluggish, and growth in farm output has slowed, since the early 1990s. An array of policies and regulations affecting agricultural production, marketing, and food processing—along with weak infrastructure and a lack of market services—have discouraged private investment by farmers and large, vertically integrated agribusinesses. The policy environment has grown more investor friendly since the late 1990s and private investment appears to be responding, but significant barriers remain and the pace of future reforms remains uncertain.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: India; Agriculture; Agribusiness; Investment; Trade policy; Domestic policy; Infrastructure; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58628
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Pulse Policy Reform in India: Implications for Trade, Prices and Production, 1970-1999 AgEcon
Agbola, Frank W..
India is a major producer and consumer of pulses in the world. In the last two decades, India’s pulse economy has undergone major policy and institutional reforms. These changes are likely to influence India’s trade in pulses and consequently world pulse trade. This article examines the impact of these reforms on trade, prices and production in India. The article discusses the factors that instigated these policy reforms and the consequences. The results indicate that a number of key economic, political and technological factors are reshaping pulse trade in India. The policy implications of the findings are explored.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: India; Pulses; Policy reform; International trade.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57822
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AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND URBAN POVERTY IN INDIA AgEcon
Fan, Shenggen.
Using a similar analytical approach to a study in China, this paper analyzes the impact of agricultural research on urban poverty reduction in India. State level data from 1970 to 1995 were used in the empirical analysis. It is found that in addition to its large impact on rural poverty reduction, agricultural research investments have also played a major role in the reduction of urban poverty. Agricultural research investments increase agricultural production, and increased production in turn lowers food prices. The urban poor often benefit proportionately more than the non-poor since they spend 50-80% of their income on food. Among all the rural investments considered in this study, agricultural research has the largest impact on urban poverty reduction...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Developing countries; India; Agricultural research; Urban; Poverty; Food price; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16079
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India's Reform of External Sector Policies and Future Multilateral Trade Negotiations AgEcon
Srinivasan, T.N..
I evaluate India's transition from an inward-oriented development strategy to greater participation in the world economy. While tariff rates have decreased significantly over the past decade, India is still one of the more autarkic countries. Despite improvement over the past in export performance, India continues to lag behind its South- and East Asian neighbors. Second, official debt flows have been largely replaced by foreign direct investment (FDI) and portfolio investment in the 1990s. India's ability to attract FDI would be greatly enhanced by further reforms. I argue that India's participation in a future round of multilateral trade negotiations would benefit India. I outline the further reforms most needed: reform of labour and bankruptcy laws,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: India; Antidumping; Developing countries; Economic reform; Export performance; Foreign direct investment; Intellectual property rights; Multilateral trade negotiations; Quantitative restrictions; Real exchange rate; Tariff and non-tariff barriers; World Trade Organization; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; F15; F21; F35; H54; K31; O34; O38; O53; P11.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28428
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Potential Impacts of Golden Rice on Public Health in India AgEcon
Stein, Alexander J.; Sachdev, H.P.S.; Qaim, Matin.
Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) affects millions of people world-wide, causing serious health problems. Golden Rice (GR), which has been genetically engineered to produce beta-carotene, is being proposed as a remedy. While this new technology has aroused controversial debates, its nutritional impact and cost-effectiveness remain unclear. We determine the current burden of VAD in India from a public health perspective,and simulate the potential alleviating impact of GR using representative household food consumption data. Given broad public support, GR could more than halve the overall burden of VAD. Juxtaposing health benefits and overall costs suggests that GR is very costeffective.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Golden Rice; Vitamin A deficiency; Biofortification; Genetic engineering; DALYs; Cost-effectiveness analysis; India; Crop Production/Industries; Health Economics and Policy; I0; I3; Q16; Q18.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25381
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Gender and irrigation in India: the Women's Irrigation Group of Jambar, South Gujarat AgEcon
van Koppen, Barbara; Nagar, Rashmi K.; Vasavada, Shilpa.
Documents a "best practice" - a successful gender-balanced irrigation intervention in which women were given control over an irrigation technology. The study evaluates the approach taken by the implementing NGO, the Aga Khan Rural Support Programme, in terms of its replicability in other areas where women share in farm activities and decision making.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Women in development; Gender; Female labor; Agricultural credit; Decision making; Irrigation programs; Rain-fed farming; Institution building; Pumping; India; South Gujarat; Bharuck; Jambar; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53073
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Groundwater markets and water use efficiency: The case of Karnataka AgEcon
Deepak, S.C.; Chandrakanth, Mysore G.; Nagaraj, N..
Research highlight based on a paper titled “Groundwater markets promoting efficiency in water use in agriculture in Karnataka.”
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Water market; Groundwater extraction; Water use efficiency; Wells; Crop production; Irrigation water; Domestic water; Pricing; Models; Policy; India; Karnataka; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53070
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