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| Registros recuperados: 11.824 | |
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| Thurlow, James; van Seventer, Dirk Ernst. |
| The paper reports on the construction and testing of a Standard International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) computable general equilibrium model for South Africa. A 1998 social accounting matrix (SAM) for South Africa is compiled using national accounts information and recently released supply-use tables. By updating to a recent year, and by distinguishing between producers and commodities, this SAM is an improvement on the existing SAM databases for South Africa. Furthermore, this SAM is made consistent with the requirements of IFPRI's standard comparative static computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. This model is then used to simulate the economy- wide impact of a range of hypothetical policy levers, including: increased government... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Development. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16279 |
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| Imrohoroglu, Ayse; Merlo, Antonio; Rupert, Peter. |
| In this paper we consider a general equilibrium model where heterogeneous agents specialize either in legitimate market activities or in criminal activities and majority rule determines the share of income redistributed and the expenditures devoted to the apprehension of criminals. We calibrate our model to the U.S. economy in 1990, and we conduct simulation exercises to evaluate the effectiveness of expenditures on police protection and income redistribution at reducing crime. We find that while expenditures on police protection reduce crime, it is possible for the crime rate to increase with redistribution. We also show that economies that adopt relatively more generous redistribution policies may have either higher or lower crime rates than economies... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Political Economy. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7497 |
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| Hanson, Steven D.; Robison, Lindon J.. |
| Implicit in most applications of the expected utility (EU) model is the assumption that only the decision maker's own income matters. Moreover, studies that estimate risk preferences typically measure how individuals respond to changes in the level and likelihood of having their own income altered (Young). The focus on own income in the EU model is consistent with the assumption most often applied in the neoclassical economic paradigm; namely, that the identity of participants in an economic exchange does not affect the outcome (Telser and Higinbotham). |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Risk and Uncertainty. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11533 |
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| van Horne, Peter L.M.; Bondt, Nico. |
| This report relates to a comparative study of the production cost in 2004 of broilermeat in a number of EU countries and Brazil and the USA. This was supplemented with a review of the prospects towards 2010. For every country an insight was obtained into the developments in animal welfare, environmental measures, and food safety. It was concluded that in all EU countries the production cost will increase and as a result the difference with non EU countries will further increase. These costs relate, depending on the specific country, mainly to the environment, animal welfare, or food safety. In dit rapport worden de kostprijzen van kuikenvlees in 2004 in verschillende EU-landen vergeleken met Brazilië en de Verenigde Staten. Voor alle genoemde landen is... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29124 |
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| Vohringer, Frank; Haurie, Alain; Guan, Dabo; Labriet, Maryse; Loulou, Richard; Bosetti, Valentina; Shukla, Pryadarshi R.; Thalmann, Philippe. |
| The FP6 TOCSIN project has evaluated climate change mitigation options in China and India and the conditions for strategic cooperation on research, development and demonstration (RD&D) and technology transfer with the European Union. In particular, the project investigated the strategic dimensions of RD&D cooperation and the challenge of creating incentives to encourage the participation of developing countries in post-2012 GHG emissions reduction strategies and technological cooperation. This paper summarizes the main policy-relevant results of the project, including the requests for: (I) almost immediate decisions on ambitious mitigation; (II) a strong increase in Annex I support regarding R&D spending and technology transfer; (III) a... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Climate Policy; Technology Transfers; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q54; Q55. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60746 |
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| Adhvaryu, Achyuta; Nyshadham, Anant. |
| We estimate the effects of higher quality healthcare usage on health, labor supply and schooling outcomes for sick individuals in Tanzania. Using exogenous variation in the cost of formal sector healthcare to predict treatment choice, we show that using better quality care improves health outcomes and changes the allocation of time amongst productive activities. In particular, sick adults who receive better quality care reallocate time from non-farm to farm labor, leaving total labor hours unchanged. Among sick children, school attendance significantly increases as a result of receiving higher quality healthcare, but labor allocations are unaffected. We interpret these results as evidence that healthcare has heterogeneous effects on marginal productivity... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labor supply; Health shocks; Schooling; Tanzania; Health Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital; I10; J22; J43; O12. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107260 |
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| Ruel, Marie T.; Bouis, Howarth E.. |
| Because trace minerals are important not only for human nutrition, but for plant nutrition as well, plant breeding holds great promise for making a significant low-cost and sustainable contribution to reducing micronutrient deficiencies in humans, and may have important spinoff effects for increasing farm productivity in developing countries in an environmentally beneficial way. This paper describes ongoing plant breeding research that could increase the intake of bioavailable zinc from food staple crops among vulnerable populations in developing countries. The three most promising plant breeding strategies to achieve this goal are (1) increasing the concentration of zinc in the plant, (2) reducing the amount of phytic acid (a strong inhibitor of zinc... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Human Nutrition; Minerals; Planting Breeding; Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97295 |
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| Jung, Martina. |
| In the present study, CDM host countries are classified according to their attractiveness for CDM non-sink projects. A cluster analysis is conducted based on three different factors determining host country attractiveness (mitigation potential, institutional CDM capacity and general investment climate) in order to elaborate a CDM host country classification. The results suggest that only a small proportion of potential host countries will attract most of the CDM investment. The CDM (non-sink) stars are China, India, Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, South Africa, Indonesia and Thailand. They are followed by attractive countries like Costa Rica, Trinidad and Tobago, Mongolia, Panama, and Chile. While most of the promising CDM host countries are located in Latin... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Clean development mechanism; Kyoto Protocol; Attractiveness; Cluster analysis; Farm Management; Q25; C49. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26328 |
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| Huang, Jikun; Hu, Ruifa; Rozelle, Scott; Qiao, Fangbin; Pray, Carl E.. |
| The overall goal of this study is to measure the effect of the impact that genetically modified cotton varieties have had on the production efficiency of small holders in farming communities in China. We also find that the adoption of Bt cotton varieties leads to a significant decrease in the use of pesticides. Hence, we demonstrate that Bt cotton appears to be an agricultural technology that improves both production efficiency and the environment. In terms of policies, our findings suggest that the government should investigate whether or not they should make additional investments to spread Bt to other cotton regions and to other crops. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11995 |
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| Vosough Ahmadi, Bouda; Morgan, Colin A.; Stott, Alistair W.. |
| Since decoupling of the CAP, many Scottish suckler cow farms are facing financial difficulties. In response, many farmers are out-wintering extensively managed suckler cows to minimise production costs. These systems are of animal welfare concern. A range of trade-offs between animal welfare indicators and between animal welfare and farm profitability can be identified. A Dynamic Programming (DP) model was developed to study these trade-offs. Two herds were modelled assuming their feeding regimes were either low (LHERD) or high (HHERD). The objective of the DP was to maximise the expected net margin from a current cow and its successors over an infinite time horizon. Preliminary results showed that the rate of voluntary culling was higher in HHERD than in... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; Beef cow; Economics; Dynamic programming; Animal welfare. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61122 |
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| Registros recuperados: 11.824 | |
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