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| Sudhakar, Prachi; Krishnan, Palaniappa; Bernard, John C.; Ritter, William F.. |
| The objective of this research was to predict the nitrogen-loading rate to Delaware lakes and streams using regression analysis and neural networks. Both models relate nitrogen-loading rate to cropland, soil type and presence of broiler production. Dummy variables were used to represent soil type and the presence of broiler production at a watershed. Data collected by Ritter & Harris (1984) was used in this research. To build the regression model Statistical Analysis System (SAS) was used. NeuroShell Easy Predictor, neural network software was used to develop the neural network model. Model adequacy was established by statistical techniques. A comparison of the regression and neural network models showed that both perform equally well. Cropland was... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15824 |
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| Blandford, David; Boisvert, Richard N.. |
| The concept of multifunctionality, in which agriculture is viewed as a source of both commodity and non-commodity outputs, has stimulated debate on the desirability of further trade liberalization. We explore the economics of multifunctionality and its policy implications. We argue for a new policy approach in which land and natural resource managers are remunerated for positive non-commodity outputs and penalized for negative outputs. This would require devolution in policy implementation from the centre to the local level. Such an approach would permit countries to achieve broader social objectives, while at the same time continuing to pursue trade liberalization. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Domestic policy; Multifunctionality; Trade policy; WTO; Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23910 |
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| Bushara, Mohamed O.A.; Barakat, Hoyam E.. |
| The main objective of this paper was to decompose Total Factor Productivity Change (TFPCH) of cotton cultivars Barakat-90 and Barac(67)B in the Gezira scheme in 1991-2007, based on Data Envelopment Analysis Program (DEAP) Software Version 2.1, using model of input–oriented Malmquist indices Total Factor Productivity (TFP). This model could give meaningful results regarding technological and economic behavior relationship over time using balance panel data on Barac(67)B and Barakat-90 cultivars, Relevant secondary data were collected and analyzed to meet the stated objectives. This paper was aimed to decompose TFPCH into two components Technological Change (TECH) and Technical Efficiency Change (EFCH) and the latter was further divided into Scale Efficiency... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96648 |
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| Gowing, John W.. |
| Future food security can be achieved only by delivering substantial increases in agricultural production, but this has important implications for water availability. Water scarcity is not currently a major issue in sub-Saharan Africa, but it would be a mistake to neglect this issue. It would be a mistake also to assume that only plans for irrigated agriculture are affected. It should be recognised that a land-use decision is also a water-use decision. A plan based on improving rain-fed agriculture through adoption of measures to make better use of rainfall brings trade-offs in that there may be less runoff to satisfy the water needs of downstream users and environmental functions. Planning for future food security requires integrated analysis of land-use... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Food security; Water scarcity; Irrigation; Agriculture; Africa; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47864 |
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| Gillespie, Stuart. |
| A major premise of this paper is that the failure—or limited achievements—of many large-scale nutrition programs is very often a function of insufficient sustainable capacities within communities and organizations responsible for implementing them. Following a brief review of the various rationales for an intensified focus on capacity and capacity development, the paper examines the linkages between nutrition programming and capacity development processes before proposing a new approach to assessing, analyzing, and developing capacity. The ensuing sections then focus in more detail on the ingredients and influences of capacity at the levels of the community, program management, supporting institutions, and the government. Finally, the implications of a... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16429 |
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| Dote, Grace. |
| This bibliography of Giannini Foundation members' publications, Economic Research of Interest to Agriculture was first issued on May 6, 1951, the eighty-first birthday of A.P. Giannini, and included the Giannini Foundation of Agricultural Economics members' works from 1929 through 1950. The first three issues were compiled and edited by the Giannini Foundation's first librarian, Orpha E. Cummings, 1930-1958. The issues that followed were edited by librarians, Mary Lida Eakin, 1958-1967; Virginia A. Fox, 1967-1980; and Grace Dote, 1970-2001. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession. |
| Ano: 1991 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7326 |
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| Hlasny, Vladimir; Livingston, Michael J.. |
| Introductions of nonindigenous organisms into the United States have been linked to international trade. The individual contributions of imports, immigration, and international travel, however, are poorly understood because introduction dates are unavailable. We examine relationships between economic trends and discoveries of nonindegenous insects and use these relationships to infer the timing and determinants of introductions. We find that a few variables can explain much variation in species introductions and identifications. The most significant contributor to the introduction appears to be agricultural imports. Currently available proxies for academic effort are weak determinants of the probability that introduced species are identified. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Identifications; Insects; Introductions; Invasive species; Nonindegenous; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; F18; N7; Q56. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45044 |
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| Robinson, John R.C.; Michelsen, Ari M.; Gollehon, Noel R.. |
| This study extends and refines a previous model and provides estimates of the economic value of water shortages from shortfalls in Mexican deliveries to the U.S. In the process, we identify and evaluate a range of crop choices, appropriate irrigation technology use, water source substitution, and other mitigation strategies used by farmers to deal with water shortages. The effects of exogenous crop price and yield risk, as well as and other structural considerations are incorporated in deriving the marginal value of irrigation water for reference drought years. Results show that South Texas farmers react to risk by diversifying their crop mix, which in turn has implications for the imputed value of water and soil resources. The derived shadow price of... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Water; Irrigation; Rio Grande; Optimization; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19464 |
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| Baylis, Katherine R.; Casamatta, Georges; Peplow, Stephen; Rausser, Gordon C.; Simon, Leo K.. |
| The EU has argued that some agricultural subsidies are needed to provide the optimal amount of externalities (both positive and negative) produced by agriculture. The argument is that agriculture is "multifunctional" and externalities such as rural development and landscape would be underproduced, while some forms of pollution (such as nitrogen runoff) would be overproduced without government intervention. Meanwhile, the United States has raised the concern that multifunctionality is primarily an argument to transfer income to producers. In this paper, we discuss the motivation for the EU agri-environmental measures and empirically test for those underlying causes. We find that the programs are not targeted at those regions with the highest... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19297 |
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| Deininger, Klaus W.; Jin, Songqing; Nagarajan, Hari K.. |
| Although opinions on impacts of land market transfers are sharply divided, few studies explore the welfare- and productivity impact of land markets on a larger scale. We use a large Indian panel spanning almost 20 years, together with a climatic shock (rainfall) indicator, to assess the productivity- and equity-impact of market-mediated land transfers (sale and purchase) as compared to non-market ones (inheritance). While frequent shocks increase land market activity, an effect that is mitigated by presence of safety nets and banks- land sales markets improved productivity and helped purchasers, many of them formerly landless, to accumulate non-land assets and significantly enhance their welfare. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9824 |
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| Zhang, Xiaobo; Fan, Shenggen. |
| This paper aims to quantify the driving forces behind the observed divergence of Indian economy. The results show that in a closed economy with agriculture as the predominant mode of production, the comparative advantage is mainly determined by the difference in land quality and climate across regions within a country. However, when the economy opens its door to the rest of the world, a region's comparative advantage is evaluated in a broader global context. Therefore, regions adjacent to more developed economies, or with better infrastructure such as ports and airports, enjoy a far better location advantage for trade and development than landlocked regions. More investment in physical infrastructure such as roads will bring the interior regions... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19902 |
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| Registros recuperados: 50.885 | |
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