SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Carriquiry, Miguel A.; Dong, Fengxia; Du, Xiaodong; Elobeid, Amani E.; Fabiosa, Jacinto F.; Chavez, Eddie C.; Pan, Suwen.

This study examines the world market impact of an expansion in the biofuel sector in the European Union with particular focus on indirect land-use impacts. In the first scenario, an increase of 1 million tonnes oil equivalent (Mtoe) of wheat ethanol use in the European Union expands world land area used in agricultural commodity production by 366,000 hectares, representing an increase of 0.039% in total area. In the second scenario, an increase of 1 Mtoe of rapeseed oil biodiesel use in the European Union expands world land area by 352,000 hectares, representing an increase of 0.038% in total area. With additional land use somewhat close between the two scenarios, the main difference is the spatial distribution of the sources of additional supply. Because...

Biofuels Potential in Latin America and the Caribbean: Quantitative Considerations and Policy Implications for the Agricultural Sector

Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Land use; Partial equilibrium model; Rapeseed oil biodiesel scenario; Wheat ethanol scenario.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91923

Ludena, Carlos E.; Razo, Carlos; Saucedo, Alberto.

Rising oil prices has led to increased interest to replace domestic demand for liquid fuels for transport (petrol and diesel) with biofuel production (ethanol and biodiesel). One of the pioneers in biofuel production is Brazil, which since the 1970s has established a government program that promotes the production and consumption of ethanol. Currently, Brazil is the leading producer of ethanol in the world and has started also programs for biodiesel production based on soybeans, oil palm and other crops. Other countries in Latin America and the Caribbean have also expressed interest in biofuel production, and have started programs, and in some cases the legislation that promotes biofuel production. However, most of the analysis of biofuel crops has been...

Crop-Based Biofuel Production under Acreage Constraints and Uncertainty

Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Land availability; Price effect; Agricultural structure; Latin America; Caribbean; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q42; Q48; Q11; Q15.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9986

Baker, Mindy L.; Hayes, Dermot J.; Babcock, Bruce A..

A myriad of policy issues and questions revolve around understanding the bioeconomy. To gain insight, we develop a stochastic and dynamic general equilibrium model and capture the uncertain nature of key variables such as crude oil prices and commodity yields. We also incorporate acreage limitations on key feedstocks such as corn, soybeans, and switchgrass. We make standard assumptions that investors are rational and engage in biofuel production only if returns exceed what they can expect to earn from alternative investments. The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 mandates the use of 36 billion gallons of biofuels by 2022, with significant requirements for cellulosic biofuel and biodiesel production. We calculate the level of tax credits required...

International Interlinkages of Biofuel Prices: The Role of Biofuel Policies

Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Biofuels; Cellulosic; Dynamic; Ethanol; General equilibrium; Monte Carlo; Market; Crop Production/Industries; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6314

Rajcaniova, Miroslava; Drabik, Dusan; Ciaian, Pavel.

Based on their theoretical predictions, Kliauga, de Gorter, and Just (2008) and de Gorter, Drabik, and Just (2010) argue that the United States and the European Union establish the world ethanol and biodiesel prices, respectively. We test these theories using cointegration analysis and the Vector Error Correction (VEC) model. Weekly price series are analyzed for the major global biofuel producers (European Union, United States, and Brazil) for the period 2002 – 2010. Polices in the United States and Brazil appear to play an equal role in determining ethanol prices in other countries, thus only partially confirming the theoretical predictions. For biodiesel, our results demonstrate that the EU mandate impacts the world biodiesel price and thus they confirm...

Impact of EU Biofuel Policies on World Agricultural and Food Markets

Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Biofuel polices; Price leadership; VEC; International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C32; Q16; Q17; Q47.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114786

Banse, Martin; van Meijl, Hans; Tabeau, Andrzej A.; Woltjer, Geert B..

This paper assesses the global and sectoral implications of the EU biofuels directive in a multi-region computable general equilibrium framework. Our results show that without mandatory blending or subsidies to stimulate the use of biofuel crops in the petroleum sector the targets of the EU Biofuel directive will not the reached in 2010. With mandatory blending the enhanced demand for biofuel crops has a strong impact on agriculture at the global and European level. The additional demand from the energy sector might slow down or reverse the long term process of declining agricultural prices.

The Economics Of Growing And Delivering Cellulosic Feedstocks In The Beaumont, Texas Area

Palavras-chave: Biofuels; EU biofuel directive; Agricultural markets; Computable General Equilibrium modeling; Agribusiness; International Relations/Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6476

Fumasi, Roland J.; Richardson, James W.; Outlaw, Joe L..

We estimate the contract prices that must be paid to grow cellulosic energy crops, and the costs of harvesting and transporting those crops in the Beaumont, TX area. Results indicate that the delivered price would range between $54 and $101 per ton of dry matter depending on the specific crop.

Buying Ecological Services: Nature’s Harmonies, Fragmented Reserves and the Agricultural Extensification Debate

Palavras-chave: Renewable fuels; Biofuels; Alternative fuels; Cellulosic; Biomass; Feedstock; Monte Carlo simulation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q12; Q42.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6788

Hennessy, David A.; Lapan, Harvey E..

Growing demand for cropland products has placed intense pressure on the ability of land resources to support nature, straining public budgets to purchase environmental goods. Fixing overall agricultural output, two policy options are whether to promote more extensive and nature friendly farming practices or to produce intensively on some land and leave the rest wild. Microeconomic models of the topic have not accommodated widely recognized complementary spatial externalities in providing ecological services. This article does so, identifying also a third policy possibility. This is that environmental services can follow a smoothly varying spatial path characterized by harmonic functions.

Global Biofuel Expansion and the Demand for Brazilian Land: Intensification versus Expansion

Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Environmental policy; Spatial externalities; Wirtinger’s inequality.; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45171

Elobeid, Amani E.; Carriquiry, Miguel A.; Fabiosa, Jacinto F..

We use a spatially disaggregated model of Brazilian agriculture to assess the implications of global biofuel expansion on Brazilian land usage at the regional level. This Brazilian model is part of the FAPRI agricultural modeling system, a multimarket, multi-commodity international agricultural model, used to quantify the emergence of biofuels and to analyze the impact of biofuel expansion and policies on both Brazilian and world agriculture. We evaluate two scenarios in which we introduce a 25% exogenous increase in the global demand for ethanol and one scenario in which we increase global ethanol demand by 50%. We then analyze the impact of these increases in terms of land-use change and commodity price changes particularly in Brazil. In the first...

Local Ownership in Biofuels Production: A Strategy for Rural Development?

Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Brazil; Land use; Land Economics/Use.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103798

Hueth, Brent; Walker, William D..

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Local ownership; Rural development; Risk; Investment; Community/Rural/Urban Development.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94690

A Comparative Analysis of the Development of the United States and European Union Biodiesel Industries

Carriquiry, Miguel A..

Worldwide production of biodiesel is growing at a rapid pace. Arguably, the European Union (EU) is the global leader in biodiesel production, but the United States has recently expanded its production. The growth of the biodiesel industry in both regions has been fueled by a series of government-provided financial incentives. However, the timing of the growth and incentive provisions, the nature of the main incentives, and the market conditions differ across regions. This article provides a comparative analysis of the EU and U.S. biodiesel industries, highlighting market and policy aspects that are leading to a rapid but distinct growth.

Implied Objectives of U.S. Biofuel Subsidies

Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Biodiesel industry; Biodiesel quality; Biofuels; Energy security; Rapeseed oil; Rapeseed methyl ester; Soybean oil; Soydiesel; Ultra low sulfur diesel; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9081

Rubin, Ofir D.; Carriquiry, Miguel A.; Hayes, Dermot J..

Biofuel subsidies in the United States have been justified on the following grounds: energy independence, a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, improvements in rural development related to biofuel plants, and farm income support. The 2007 energy act emphasizes the first two objectives. In this study, we quantify the costs and benefits that different biofuels provide. We consider the first two objectives separately and show that each can be achieved with a lower social cost than that of the current policy. Then, we show that there is no evidence to disprove that the primary objective of biofuel policy is to support farm income. Current policy favors corn production and the construction of corn-based ethanol plants. We find that favoring corn happens to...

WHY STOCHASTICS MATTER: ANALYZING FARM AND BIOFUEL POLICIES

Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Biofuel subsidies; Energy security; Feedstock; Greenhouse gas emissions; Social preferences; Value-added agriculture; Agricultural Finance; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6333

Westhoff, Patrick C.; Brown, Scott; Binfield, Julian C.R..

Standard deterministic analysis of agricultural and biofuel policies can yield incomplete or misleading results. Stochastic analysis is especially important when policies have asymmetric effects and when there is intrinsic interest in uncommon events or the distribution of possible outcomes. The paper examines four recent cases where a stochastic approach was critical to a complete and balanced examination of important US policy issues. In each case, a stochastic model of the US agricultural and biofuel sectors was used to estimate 500 sets of possible market outcomes for the 2007- 2016 period. Changes in support levels, a proposed revenue-based program, possible World Trade Organization limits on internal support measures, and biofuel use mandates are...

Biofuels: Political/Economic Boondoggle or Energy Salvation for Western States?

Palavras-chave: Agricultural policy; Biofuels; Stochastic analysis; Structural model; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6601

Bio-ethanol Production from Wheat in the Winter Rainfall Region of South Africa: A Quantitative Risk Analysis

Young, Douglas L..

Nearly all western states lack comparative advantages for producing corn for ethanol and oilseeds for biodiesel. Despite this disadvantage, most western states have legislated incentives for production of biofuels. Unfavorable changes in price relationships, high transportation costs for imported feedstocks, and tight credit markets in 2008 and 2009 led to bankruptcies and plant closures at a disproportionate rate in the western biofuel industry. Policy makers in western states are advised to fund research and development for bioenergy and biofuel feedstocks in which they have a comparative advantage. These include forestry by-products, food processing and crop residues, and livestock wastes.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Bioenergy research; Biofuels; Biofuel bankruptcies; Biofuel feedstocks; Biofuel incentives; Corn ethanol; Western United States; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57632

Richardson, James W.; Lemmer, Wessel J.; Outlaw, Joe L..

Contrary to developments in other parts of the world, South Africa has not developed a bio-ethanol industry. The objective was to quantify the risks and economic viability of a wheat based bio-ethanol plant in the winter rainfall region of South Africa. Monte Carlo simulation of a bio-ethanol plant was used to quantify the risk that investors will likely face. Under the Base scenario a 103 million liter bio-ethanol plant would not offer a reasonable chance of being economically viable. Alternative price enhancing policies were analyzed to determine policy changes needed to make a bio-ethanol plant economically viable in the region.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Ethanol; Risk analysis; Simulation; Economic viability; Simetar; SERF; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8192

EFFECTS OF A POTENTIAL NEW BIOFUEL DIRECTIVE ON EU LAND USE AND AGRICULTURAL MARKETS

Banse, Martin; Grethe, Harald.

In its Progress Report on Biofuels the European Commission proposes a more restrictive biofuel directive which sets a mandatory minimum share of biofuels in total fuel consumption in the transport sector of 10% per Member State by 2020. This is likely to have a strong impact on demand for biofuel inputs such as plant oils, cereals and sugar beet. To analyze the effects of this proposal on land use and agricultural markets, an extended version of the partial equilibrium model ESIM of the European agricultural sector is developed and applied which covers the production of and demand for biofuels. Two policy scenarios are simulated for the projection horizon until 2020: a baseline under which the share of biofuels in total transport fuels increases to 6.9% by...

The Effect of Climate Change on Wetlands and Waterfowl in Western Canada: Incorporating Cropping Decisions into a Bioeconomic Model

Palavras-chave: Biofuels; EU Biofuels Directive; Agricultural markets; Partial equilibrium modeling; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6331

Withey, Patrick; van Kooten, G. Cornelis.

We extend an earlier bioeconomic model of optimal duck harvest and wetland retention in the Prairie Pothole Region of Western Canada to include cropping decisions. Instead of a single state equation, the model has two state equations representing the population dynamics of ducks and the amount of wetlands. We use the model to estimate the impact of climate change on wetlands and waterfowl, including direct climate effects as well as land use change due to biofuel policies aimed at mitigating climate change. The model predicts that climate change will reduce wetlands by 47-56 percent from historic levels. Land use change is expected to reduce wetlands by 45 percent from historic levels, whereas direct climate effects will range from a reduction of 2-11...

Assessing the environmental externalities from biofuels in Australia

Palavras-chave: Bioeconomic modeling; Wetland protection; Wildlife management; Climate change; Biofuels; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q57; C61; Q25; Q54; C13; Q10; Q16.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117437

Cuevas-Cubria, Clara.

In Australia, as in other countries, the environmental costs and benefits of biofuel production and use have been found to vary greatly according to the production method and feedstocks used. In general, the use of biodiesel produced in Australia has been found to provide greater environmental benefits than ethanol, both in terms of reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and reduced air pollutant emissions. In this paper, estimates of GHG and air pollutant emissions arising from biofuels and petroleum fuels production and use are employed to calculate the change in environmental externalities when substituting biofuels for petroleum fuels in Australia. These estimates of externalities highlight the need to better understand the environmental implications...

ANÁLISIS DE FACTIBILIDAD PARA LA INTRODUCCIÓN DEL BIODIESEL EN ECUADOR

Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Environmental policy; Greenhouse gas emissions; Air pollutants; Externalities; Australia; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47624

Dominguez, Juan M.; Espinel, Ramon L..

Increases in petroleum prices have affected the prices of its derived products. In addition, the interest in issues related to the environment and energy security at world-wide level has been increased. All of these factors have contributed to the development of alternative fuel such as the ethanol, biodiesel and natural gas. This study analyzes the main agricultural products used to produce biodiesel, their production costs and the utilization of those inputs in other industries. This study will also include a brief summary of different legislations in those countries under analysis. On the other hand, we will find break-even points and apply a sensibility analysis associated with distinct scenarios in terms of input-output prices.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Biodiesel; Feasibility; Legislations; Break-even points.; Agribusiness.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53107

Agricultural Impacts of Biofuels Production

Walsh, Marie E.; Torre Ugarte, Daniel de la; English, Burton C.; Jensen, Kimberly L.; Hellwinckel, Chad M.; Menard, R. Jamey; Nelson, Richard G..

Analysis of the potential to supply 25% of projected 2025 U.S. transportation fuels indicates sufficient biomass resources are available to meet increased demand while simultaneously meeting food, feed, and export needs. Corn and soybeans continue to be important feedstocks for ethanol and biodiesel production, but cellulose feedstocks (agricultural crop residues, energy crops such as switchgrass, and forestry residues) will play a major role. Farm income increases, mostly because of higher crop prices. Increased crop prices increase the cost of producing biofuels.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Biofuels; Biomass; Cellulose feedstocks; Crop residues; Ethanol; Forest residues; Switchgrass; Agribusiness; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O11; Q11; Q41.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6514

Impacts of Biofuels on Water Supply: Proposed Cures May Worsen the Disease