SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Lemos,J.P.; Galvão,J.C.C.; Silva,A.A.; Fontanetti,A.; Cecon,P.R.; Lemos,L.M.C..

Mowing is one of the most important methods used to control weeds in organic farming, under the no-tillage system. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of three weed management techniques on weed development, using the weeds Bidens pilosa and Commelina benghalensis, in competition with organic corn {mowing at the three-leaf stage (14 days after corn emergence - DACE), mowing at the three- and six-leaf stage (14 and 25 DACE), and no mowing. Single cultivation with no mowing was also evaluated for these weeds. Mowings performed at 14 and 25 DACE prevented the production of B. pilosa seeds, ensuring efficient control of this species. However, the use of this technique was shown to be inefficient in the control of C. benghalensis.

Phytosociology of Weeds in Cultivation of Two Varieties of Cassava1

Palavras-chave: Mowings; Regrowth; Morphology; Competition.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582013000200012

MILÉO,L.J.; SILVA,J.F.; ALBERTINO,S.M.F.; LEITE,B.N.; MENEZES,D.S.; SANTOS,A.F..

ABSTRACT This study has aimed to carry out a phytosociological survey of weeds in different collection periods, in cassava crops of two varieties grown in two consecutive years. The varieties were Pão, of the sweet class, and Racha-terra, of the bitter class. The weeds surveys were performed at 28, 56, 84, 112, 140, 168, 196, 224, 252, 280 and 308 days after planting in the experimental units of each variety. For weeds sampling, a sampler with an area of 0.25 m2 released twice at random in the floor area of the treatments was used. The phytosociological survey quantified 5,708 individuals distributed in 17 families, represented by 32 species, of which 25 were dicotyledonous and seven were monocotyledonous. The most representative families in number of...

Weed Interference Periods and Transplanting Densities of Onion Crop in the Brazilian Region of Guarapuava, PR1

Palavras-chave: Competition; Tillage; Manihot esculenta.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582016000200267

SOUZA,J.I.; SILVA,A.A.P.; CHAGAS,R.R.; OLIVEIRA NETO,A.M.; MACIEL,C.D.G.; RESENDE,J.T.V.; ONO,E.O..

ABSTRACT The study was conducted with the objective of determining the critical periods of interference prevention (CPIP) and the best period for the management of weeds community in onion crop Crioula Mercosul genotype, transplanted in distinct plants densities. The experiment was carried out in field conditions in the Brazilian municipality of Guarapuava, Paraná State, during the 2012 and 2013 agricultural years, at Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste - UNICENTRO. Treatments were disposed in randomized complete blocks and experimental design, with five repetitions, consisting of weeds coexistence periods and weeds control at 14, 28, 56, 112 and 168 days after transplanting the seedlings (DATS), using 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 million plants ha-1. Weeds...

Population Interference of Glyphosate Resistant and Susceptible Ryegrass on Eucalyptus Initial Development

Palavras-chave: Allium cepa; Competition; Plant arrangement; Bulb yield.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582016000200299

BRAGA,A.F.; BARROSO,A.A.M.; AMARAL,C.L.; NEPOMUCENO,M.P.; ALVES,P.L.C.A..

ABSTRACT: The repetitive use of herbicides with the same mechanism of action causes the selection of resistant weeds, such as ryegrass. Considering the occurrence of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in eucalyptus, a crop on which glyphosate is used, it is necessary to study its interference. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of densities (0, 10, 20, 30 and 50 plants m-2) of two ryegrass biotypes (resistant and susceptible to glyphosate) on seedlings of two eucalyptus clones (I-144 and 1407). The used experimental design was in randomized blocks with four replications, following a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement for each clone. The height and diameter of the clones were evaluated at 0, 14, 28, 42, 56 and 70 days after transplantation (DAT),...

Interference of GR® Volunteer Corn Population and Origin on Soybean Grain Yield Losses

Palavras-chave: Lolium multiflorum; Eucalyptus urograndis; Competition.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582018000100286

PIASECKI,C.; RIZZARDI,M.A.; SCHWADE,D.P.; TRES,M.; SARTORI,J..

ABSTRACT: The cultivation of GR® maize prior to soybean, mainly in the no-tillage system favors the higher occurrence of GR® volunteer corn interfering in soybean crops. Volunteer corn originate from seeds that were lost during harvest or from non-harvested seeds from the field; these are individual seeds, originating individual plants, or several seeds adhered to segments of the rachis, which originate clumps. Volunteer corn in the form of clumps predominates in soybean crops, but little information about its effect on soybean is available in the literature. During two years, three experiments were carried out with the objective of evaluate the impact of the interference of GR® F2 generation volunteer corn populations coming from individual and clump...

Intercropping Between Corn and Urochloa brizantha Managed with Mesotrione Underdoses

Palavras-chave: Glycine max; Zea mays; Competition; Individual plants; Clumps; Harvest losses.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582018000100206

MARTINS,D.A.; JAKELAITIS,A.; PEREIRA,L.S.; MOURA,L.M.F.; GUIMARÃES,K.C..

ABSTRACT: Corn and forage intercropping system has been commonly used for pasture establishment or renewal. In addition, the use of reduced doses of herbicides selective to corn has facilitated coexistence by reducing competitiveness against forage species. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mesotrione underdoses in a corn and Urochloa brizantha intercropping on weed population dynamics, corn yield, and forage performance and nutritional quality. For this purpose, five mesotrione doses were tested (0.0, 9.6, 19.2, 38.4, and 57.6 g ha-1) in corn and forage intercropping and monocultures. Individual density and weed dry matter were influenced by mesotrione doses, intercropping, and precipitation distribution over the evaluated period in the...

INTERFERENCE PERIODS AMONG WEEDS AND SOYBEAN RR TM CROPS IN THE WESTERN CENTER AREA OF THE BRAZILIAN STATE OF PARANÁ

Palavras-chave: Zea mays L.; Competition; Herbicide; Crop-livestock integration; Weeds.

Ano: 2019

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582019000100255

SILVA,A.A.P.; OLIVEIRA NETO,A.M.; GUERRA,N.; HELVIG,E.O.; MACIEL,C.D.G..

ABSTRACT One of the factors that can influence soybeans yield is the interference imposed by weeds. This research has aimed to determine the critical period of weed interference on cv. INT 6100 RRTM soybeans. The experiment was conducted under field conditions at Campo Mourão County, Parana State, in the 2013/2014 harvest, using randomized blocks, arranged in a 2 x 8 factorial, with four replications. In the first factor, the coexistence (period before weed interference) and control (total period of weed interference prevention) periods were assessed. The second factor consisted of management times of weed species (0, 7, 14, 28, 35, 49, 56 and 130 days after emergence - DAE). The evaluations performed were density and shoot dry matter of the weed...

Periods of Weed Interference on Orange Tree Crops

Palavras-chave: Coexistence; Weed control; Competition; Glycine max.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582015000400707

GONÇALVES,G.S.; CARVALHO,J.E.B.; GARCIA,M.V.B.; GAMA,L.A.; AZEVEDO,C.L.L.L.; SILVA,J.F..

ABSTRACT: Current orange tree cultivation practices in the Brazilian State of Amazonas present several production problems, being the inadequate weed management the most important one, and significantly affecting fruit productivity. However, if weeds are managed properly, their coexistence with orange cultivars does not affect the fruit yield of orange trees. Thus, the objective of this research was to identify the period of longer weed interference in orange production. The treatments were conducted during the 2013 and 2014 harvests as follows: one control treatment with no coexistence of weeds and crop throughout the growing season; and six periods of coexistence (October to January, February to May, June to September, October to May, October to January,...

Implications of weeds of genus euphorbia for crop production: a review

Palavras-chave: Citrus sinensis; Fruit yield; Competition.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582018000100280

Tanveer,A.; Khaliq,A.; Javaid,M.M.; Chaudhry,M.N.; Awan,I..

The genus Euphorbia comprises about 2000 species ranging from annuals to trees, including C3, C4, and CAM species. Euphorbia species widely studied in agriculture includes E. antiquorum, E. carollata, E. dentata, E. dracunculoides, E. esula, E. geniculata, E. granulata, E. helioscopia, E. heterophylla, E. hierosolymitana, E. hirta, E. maculata, E. microphylla, E. nerifolia, E. piluifera, E. pulcherrima, E. royleana, E. supine, and E. thiamifolia. These species have been reported mainly in field crops/vegetables, orchards, pastures, and rangelands. Euphorbia plants may present allelopathic effect over desirable cereals, pulses, oilseeds, vegetables, forage plants, and nitrifying bacteria, posing a serious threat to livestock production on open range lands...

Antidumping and Market Power in the Agriculture Sector, with a Special Case Study of the Fresh Tomato Industry

Palavras-chave: Competition; Allelopathy; Crops; Pastures; Livestock; Plant protection.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582013000300024

Analogous Products and Food Quality Products: Two Poles of the Competition

Baylis, Katherine R..

In this article we highlight the anticompetitive nature of antidumping (AD) legislation. Antidumping legislation was set up to protect domestic firms from predatory pricing by foreign firms. We argue that protecting highly concentrated industries drastically reduces competition at home. In cases where the industry consists only of one or two firms, import restriction may breed monopolies at the expense of domestic consumers. This article looks at cases filed by the agriculture sector, and at the market concentration of industries in this sector, to illustrate the above possibility. We study the case of fresh tomatoes in detail to further demonstrate the anticompetitive nature of AD legislation. We show the effect of AD legislation on imports, as well as...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Antidumping legislation; Competition; Fresh tomato industry; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6320

How Rising Competition Among Microfinance Lenders Affects Incumbent Village Banks

Bošková, Iveta.

The globalisation of processing industry and the consolidation of the international retail trade, together with the increase of imports after the EU access, supported the competition hot up and saturation of domestic food market. Both food processors and food retailers are exposed to increasing competition. In order to maintenance on the market they are increasingly pressed to minimize their costs and/or to accomplish higher prices for products with competitive advantage. Besides of that all participants of the agri-food chain are pressed to intensify marketing support of their goods. Aiming to reduce the costs, some of processors choose the way by the substitution of part of the input material by another, cheaper one. On the other hand, the offer of...

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Competition; Marketing; Quality; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Marketing.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7880

McIntosh, Craig; de Janvry, Alain; Sadoulet, Elisabeth.

This paper uses data from Uganda's largest incumbent microfinance institution to analyze the impact of entry by competing lenders on client behavior. We first examine the geographic placement decisions of competitors, and find that placement decisions are strongly affected by district-level characteristics. We observe that increased competition induces a decline in repayment performance and in savings deposited with the incumbent Village Bank, suggesting multiple loan-taking by clients. Urban clients take multiple loans primarily from lenders with more individual methodologies, while rural clients borrow from several group lenders. Individuals who operate larger businesses are the ones most likely to leave the incumbent Village Bank when a Solidarity Group...

Measuring Competition for Textiles: Does the United States Make the Grade?

Palavras-chave: Microfinance; Competition; Credit markets; Financial Economics; O16; D14; L1.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25073

Welch, J. Mark; Lyford, Conrad P..

Increasing competition from foreign manufacturers threatens the viability of textile producers in the United States. This paper evaluates the U.S. competitive position in the cotton yarn segment using established quantifiable measures and provides an overall competitive assessment. The measures employed show the United States to be at a relative competitive disadvantage when compared to major international producers of cotton yarn. However, the margin of this competitive disadvantage is shown to be relatively small and in some cases, decreasing.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Competition; Cotton; International trade; Textiles; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44901

Fish Chain Performance in Madrid Market: An Empirical Analysis

de Felipe, Isabel; Briz, Julian.

Food chain analysis is becoming a useful instrument to increase efficiency. We focus the attention in the fish sector looking at the links from consumer to wholesalers in the region of Madrid. In order to get adequate information we developed face to face enquiries to the consumers, retailers and wholesalers. The analysis of the Madrid market give us a useful approach of the national and international sector, due to the fact that Mercamadrid is the biggest fish wholesale market in Europe, and the consumption in Madrid is representative in many ways of the Spanish market. Finally there are some conclusions and recommendations oriented toward the stakeholders.

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Fish; Food chain; Performance; Competition; Agribusiness.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24987

Restructuring and the Cost of Reducing NOx Emissions in Electricity Generation

Palmer, Karen L.; Burtraw, Dallas; Bharvirkar, Ranjit; Paul, Anthony.

We look at the effects of restructuring on three issues: (a) economic surplus and environmental quality, (b) the cost of NOx control policies and who bears the costs, and (c) the cost-effectiveness of a seasonal and an annual NOx cap in the SIP Call region. We find that without the NOx cap, nationwide restructuring leads to higher NOx and carbon emissions from the electricity sector. Adding either a seasonal or an annual NOx cap-and-trade regime in the eastern United States mitigates the increase in NOx emissions but has a much smaller effect on carbon emissions. The out-of-pocket compliance cost associated with achieving a seasonal or an annual NOx cap is moderately higher with nationwide restructuring than without, but the changes in economic surplus are...

Empirical Analysis of Competitive Interaction in Food Product Categories

Palavras-chave: Electricity; Restructuring; Deregulation; Competition; Emissions trading; Particulates; Nitrogen oxides; NOx; Health benefits; Cost effectiveness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q4.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10549

Putsis, William P., Jr..

This paper provides an overview of recent research on estimating competitive interaction in food product categories. In particular, the focus of this review is on research using scanner data conducted at the disaggregate (e.g., store, chain or local market) level, including empirical studies of vertical (i.e., within-channel) conduct. Studies addressing the competitive interaction on price, as well as non-price variables (e.g., in-store display and feature advertising) are considered. The author first describes the methodologies available for measuring the competitive interaction between firms and then briefly summarizes recent empirical developments. Given the complexity of the interactions that take place in practice, it is argued that much of the...

Product Quality in the Food Chain: Do Cooperatives Offer High Quality Products?

Palavras-chave: Competition; Competitive strategy; Channel behavior; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Industrial Organization.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25221

Pennerstorfer, Dieter; Weiss, Christoph R..

Cooperatives and investor-owned firms are alternative forms of business organisation that coexist and compete in many markets. The theoretical literature has identified a number of comparative advantages and disadvantages of cooperatives. Decentralized decision making within cooperatives may lead to quality coordination problems (free-riding on product quality), for example: whereas the individual member has to bear the full costs associated with higher quality, the benefits of delivering higher quality will be shared among all members. The present paper investigates this free-riding problem in determining product quality within a marketing cooperative in a vertically related market (food chain). On the basis of a mixed-oligopoly model, we show that the...

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Product quality; Cooperatives; Food chain; Competition; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58111

Assessing Competition in the U.S. Beef Packing Industry

Common Labels and Market Mechanisms

Ward, Clement E..

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Beef; Cattle; Competition; Concentration; Market structure; Meatpacking; Pricing; Agribusiness; Livestock Production/Industries; L13; Q13.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94758

Boizot-Szantai, Christine; Lecocq, Sebastien; Marette, Stephan.

In this article, the impact of common labels is investigated with both theoretical and empirical approaches. Recent statistics regarding the egg market in France suggest that retailer brands largely adopt common labels. A simple theoretical framework enables us to determine the conditions under which producers and/or retailers with different product qualities decide to post a common label on their products. In particular, a situation of multiple equilibria (one where the label is used by the high-quality seller only and one where it is used by the low-quality seller only) is exhibited when the cost of the label is relatively large. The demand is then estimated for different segments of the French egg market, including producer/retailer brands with/without...

U.S. FRESH PRODUCE MARKETS: MARKETING CHANNELS, TRADE PRACTICES, AND RETAIL PRICING BEHAVIOR

Palavras-chave: Competition; Demand estimation; Labels; Product differentiation; Marketing.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18588

Dimitri, Carolyn; Tegene, Abebayehu; Kaufman, Phillip R..

Retail consolidation, technological change in production and marketing, and growing consumer demand for produce have altered the traditional market relationships between producers, wholesalers, and retailers. Increasingly, produce suppliers are asked to provide additional marketing services and incentives in exchange for volume purchases and other commitments by buyers. This report synthesizes the results from a multiphase project that examined the dynamics of produce marketing, the produce shipper-retailer relationship, and how changes in the produce market affect the relative market influence of producers, retailers, and consumers.