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	Provedor de dados OceanDocs (1) Autor Baldwin, R. (1) Burton, C.L.K. (1) Eyre, E.L. (1) Jenner, K.C.S. (1) Jenner, M.N.M. (1) Keith, S.G. (1) McCabe, K.A. (1) Parsons, E.C.M. (1) Peddemors, V.M. (1) Rosenbaum, H.C. (1) Rudolph, P. (1) Simmonds, M.P. (1) de Boer, M.N. (1) Mais... Palavra-chave Marine mammals (1) Tipo do documento Book (1) Ano 2002 (1) País Belgium (1) Idioma Inglês (1)		Ordenar por:  Relevância Autor Título Ano Registros recuperados: 122 Primeira ... 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ... Última Intellectual Property Rights and Innovation in Developing Countries: Evidence from Panel Data AgEcon Leger, Andreanne. The determinants of innovation and the role of intellectual property rights in different countries are not well understood. This paper estimates the determinants of innovation using a new panel dataset. It compares different panel estimation methods appropriate for finite size samples. Past R&D investments have a positive and significant impact on current innovation, while openness to trade has a negative and significant impact on innovation in developing countries and population size has a negative and significant impact on innovation in industrialized countries. Intellectual property protection is not significant for any of the groups. We discuss econometric issues and the policy implication of these results. Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Innovation; Intellectual property rights; Developing countries; Dynamic panel; General method of moments; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O30; O34; C23. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25328 A framework for efficient wastewater treatment and recycling systems AgEcon Mekala, Gayathri Devi; Davidson, Brian; Samad, Madar; Boland, Anne-Maree. Use of un-treated/partially treated wastewater for irrigation in the dry countries of Asia and Africa and recycling of treated wastewater in the water scarce developed countries has become a common practice due to various reasons. While the lack of wastewater treatment to appropriate levels before use is a major problem in developing countries, the high cost of wastewater recycling is the major problem in developed countries. The current paper is part of a doctoral research and presents the conceptual framework for the research and the methodology that can be used to tackle the problems associated with wastewater recycling. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Water reuse; Wastewater; Recycling; Pricing; Water allocation; Cost benefit analysis; Wastewater irrigation; Developing countries; Developed countries; Case studies; India; Australia; Hyderabad; Melbourne; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Production Economics. Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46387 Can the concept of “food sovereignty” justify increasing agricultural protection in developing countries? AgEcon Laroche Dupraz, Catherine; Postolle, Angele. The food crisis has challenged the political legitimacy and economic efficiency of the deregulation and liberalization of international agricultural trade. In the second half of the 20th century, “food security” was put forward as the grounds for the implementation of modern protectionist agricultural policies in developed countries. In response to falling, unstable agricultural prices on world markets, price support mechanisms became the main European agricultural policy tool, generating high tariffs. The protection of agricultural markets was reassessed by the Uruguay Round of the GATT international trade negotiations (1986-1994), resulting in binding commitments to reduce domestic support measures suspected of impacting world prices. The ongoing Doha... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Food sovereignty; Developing countries; Protection; Agricultural policy; WTO negotiations; Agricultural and Food Policy. Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115435 Developing Countries and the Multilateral Trading System After Doha AgEcon Srinivasan, T.N.. The Fourth Session of the Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization (WTO), held in Doha, Qatar, in November 2001, launched a new round of multilateral trade negotiations (MTN) and a work programme (WP) for the WTO involving the negotiating agenda and steps for meeting the challenges facing the multilateral trading system. The paper evaluates the WP, in particular, whether it would redress the unfavourable balance between benefits and costs to developing countries DCs of the agreement that concluded the previous (Uruguay) round of MTN. It discusses the failure of the third session in Seattle to launch a new round in December 1999, and also documents the unfavourable balance. While concluding that with adequate preparation, the negotiators could... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: World Trade Organization (WTO); Multilateral trade negotiations; Developing countries; Antidumping; Trade Related Intellectual Property Services (TRIPS); Trade and labour standards; Trade and environment; Preferential trade agreements; International Relations/Trade; F02; F13; F15; F16; F18; O19; O34. Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28496 Agricultural Trade Liberalisation and Economic Growth in Developing Countries: Analysis of Distributional Consequences AgEcon Ali, Ershad; Talukder, Dayal. The article analyses the impact of agricultural trade liberalisation on economic growth as well as on the welfare of rural livelihoods in developing countries through technological transformation in the agricultural sector. The article, based on existing literature, considers the background and reasons for the policy shift in developing economies away from agricultural protection and toward trade liberalisation. It attempts to shed light on the debate over the distributional consequences resulting from trade liberalisation. It also analyses how agricultural trade policy reforms affect poverty and inequality, since the majority of the population of developing countries is involved with agriculture, and these households are predominantly rural poor and... Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Developing countries; Growth; Inequality; Trade liberalisation; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93447 Agricultural tariff rate quotas implementation in the EU 1997-2002 ; Do developing countries enjoy quota rent? AgEcon Dupraz, Cathie Laroche; Matthews, Alan. Tariff rate quotas (TRQs) have been introduced and legitimised as a market access instrument in the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture (URAA). TRQs combine both restriction of imports, and safeguard of current or preferential agricultural trade flows. By restricting the market access through high level tariff beyond the quota, one can imagine that exporters enjoying low level tariff would take share of quota rent. Do developing exporting countries benefit from EU TRQs? Do they enjoy quota rents or guaranteed market access? What should be their interest to defend about TRQs at WTO agricultural negotiations? This article aims to present an analysis of the 87 EU's agricultural TRQs implementation from 1997 to 2002, in order to bring to the fore the... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Tariff rate quotas; Quota rent; Developing countries; International Relations/Trade. Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7910 THE LAW OF ONE PRICE: DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING COUNTRY MARKET INTEGRATION AgEcon Yang, Jian; Bessler, David A.; Leatham, David J.. The Law of One Price (LOP) is important to models of international trade and exchange rate determination. This study investigates a variant of the LOP applied to developed and developing countries. The competing hypothesis are (1) that one price prevails in both developed and developing countries and (2) that one price prevails in developed countries and another single price in developing countries. Using data from an internationally competitive commodity (soybean meal), we found evidence favors the first hypothesis, although two large developing countries under study are active participants in regional trade integration, which may bias them against the first hypothesis. Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Law of one price; Developing countries; Error-correction model; Directed graphs; Demand and Price Analysis. Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15320 Resource Abundance, Poverty and Development AgEcon Bulte, Erwin H.; Damania, Richard; Deacon, Robert T.. The negative correlation between resource endowments and GDP growth remains one of the most robust findings in the empirical growth literature, and has been coined the “resource curse hypothesis”. The policy consequences of this result are potentially far reaching. If natural resources are an inescapable curse, this may imply that countries richly endowed with natural resources can only develop by turning their backs on their comparative advantage and diversifying into other non-resource based activities. This paper analyzes whether the negative statistical relationship between natural resource abundance and economic growth spills over to other important economic and social indicators. The impact of resource wealth on several proxies of economic... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Resource abundance; Economic growth; Developing countries; Cross-country analysis.; Food Security and Poverty; Q2; Q3; O13; O47; O57. Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23803 A Public Choice Approach to the Economic Analysis of Animal Healthcare Systems AgEcon Riviere-Cinnamond, Ana. Privatisation of animal healthcare systems in developing countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, has had very limited success. Introduced with inadequate transition time and too few resources, many livestock owners either cannot afford or, just as likely, are unable to gain access to the services they need. Poor livestock owners in remote rural areas suffer the greatest disadvantage. This fact is undisputed but, since privatisation, the primary focus has been on analysing the performance of animal healthcare systems and few authors have studied the underlying economic theories that have driven privatisation policy nor examined in what ways these may have been detrimental. This working paper examines how the economic analysis of animal health... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Animal health services; Privatisation process; Market failure; Taxonomy of goods; Poor livestock keepers; Developing countries; Community animal health workers; Livestock Production/Industries. Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23786 SEASONAL LABOR CONSTRAINTS AND INTRA-HOUSEHOLD DYNAMICS IN THE FEMALE FIELDS OF SOUTHERN CAMEROON AgEcon Elad, Renata L.; Houston, Jack E.. Women's agricultural production is modeled as a sequential switching regression process determined by men's clearing labor capacity and women's harvest labor capacity. Results show that output was more often constrained by husband's clearing labor. However, men's economic contribution to household consumption is inversely related to women's agricultural output. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Seasonal labor; Gender; Production; Developing countries; Consumer/Household Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital. Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16691 Wheat Facts and Futures 2009 AgEcon For nearly half a century, the international wheat breeding system has delivered improved high yielding varieties of wheat that created (along with rice) the Green Revolution and underpinned strong growth in wheat productivity in irrigated and rainfed, developed and underdeveloped, regions. Future priorities for breeding and complementary sciences will still include yield but will also diversify in response to changing market demands and growing environments, particulary in developing countries. It is argued that in the coming decades research on wheat quality characteristics will become increasingly important to plant breeders, whose work will be supported by the development of markers and advanced tools from molecular biology. Breeders will have to... Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Wheats; Food production; Production factors; Production increase; Economic environment; Climatic change; Economic trends; Statistical data; Developing countries; Crop Production/Industries; E14; E16. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56366 Potential for Carbon Forest Plantations in Marginal Timber Forests: The Case of Patagonia, Argentina AgEcon Sedjo, Roger A.. With the advent of the Kyoto Protocol and its recognition of the use of forestry activities and carbon sinks as acceptable tools for addressing the issue of the build-up of atmospheric carbon, the potential role of planted forests as a vehicle for carbon sequestration has taken on a new significance. Additionally, the emergence of tradable emission permits and now tradable carbon offsets provides a vehicle for financially capturing the benefits of carbon emission reductions and carbon offsetting activities. In a world where carbon sequestration has monetary value, investments in planted forests can be made with an eye to revenues to (at least two) joint outputs: timber and the carbon sequestration services. The first section of this paper examines the... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Carbon sequestration; Forest plantations; Carbon offsets; Present value; Kyoto Protocol; Argentina; Developing countries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q20; Q23. Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10661 Approaches and frameworks for management and research in small-scale fisheries in the developing world AgEcon Andrew, Neil; Evans, Louisa. Commonly adopted approaches to managing small-scale fisheries (SSFs) in developing countries do not ensure sustainability. Progress is impeded by a gap between innovative SSF research and slower-moving SSF management. The paper aims to bridge the gap by showing that the three primary bases of SSF management--ecosystem, stakeholders’ rights and resilience--are mutually consistent and complementary. It nominates the ecosystem approach as an appropriate starting point because it is established in national and international law and policy. Within this approach, the emerging resilience perspective and associated concepts of adaptive management and institutional learning can move management beyond traditional control and resource-use optimization, which largely... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Developing countries; Fishery management; Artisanal fishing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53029 The Impact of Foreign Investments on the Achievement of Economic Growth AgEcon Maitah, Mansoor; Salim, Nassir. This article deals with the analysis of the positive side of the foreign direct investments in the World´s economy. The importance of this research is derived from the significant role that can be played by foreign investments in industrialized and developing countries. Some countries are still hesitant to attract the foreign investments despite its human and physical potentialities. The foreign investments are mainly influenced by political and economical factors. Foreign direct investments to developing countries are growing very rapidly. In the past, these investments were limited to raw material sectors, nowadays the current investments involve more sectors than ever before. These investments have implications of trade and integration. The revival of... Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Foreign direct investment; Global economy; International economy; Developing countries; Multinational companies; Economic growth.; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; GA; IN. Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96864 Does Agriculture Really Matter for Economic Growth in Developing Countries? AgEcon Awokuse, Titus O.. In recent decades, the potential contribution of agriculture to economic growth has been a subject of much controversy among development economists. While some contend that agricultural development is a precondition to industrialization, others strongly disagree and argue for a different path. Taking advantage of recent developments in time series econometric methods, this paper re-examines the question of whether agriculture could serve as an engine of growth. Results from the empirical analysis provide strong evidence indicating that agriculture is an engine of economic growth. Furthermore, we find that trade openness has a positive effect on GDP growth. Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Economic growth; ARDL; Developing countries; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; C23; O11; 041. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49762 Relationship Between Trade Liberalisation, Economic Growth and Trade Balance: An Econometric Investigation AgEcon Parikh, Ashok; Stirbu, Corneliu. This is a study of 42 developing countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America in which we first examine the impact of trade liberalisation on economic growth, investment share of GDP, openness, trade balance and current accounts (as percentages of GDP). Both panel data and country by country data are used to measure the impact of liberalisation on domestic economic growth measured in PPP terms from the data available in Heston, Summers and Aten (2001) study. Domestic economic growth is often positively related to liberalisation for many countries of our sample. Next we analyse the impact of growth on trade balance and current account to examine whether higher economic growth due to liberalisation leads to adverse effect on balance of trade. Trade balance is... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Liberalisation; Trade balance; Developing countries; Panel data estimation; International Development; International Relations/Trade; F32; F14; O24; C21; C23. Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26267 Poultry welfare scenario in South America: norms and regulations Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Avic. Silva,RBTR; Nääs,IA; Broom,DM; O'Driscoll,K. Animal welfare related issues have been intensely discussed in recent years as a consequence of changes in public attitudes and regulatory reforms that are taking place in many countries. A combination of public opinion pressure and trade policy has driven requirements for regulation and the World Trade Organization (WTO) assigned the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) to develop guidelines that could be used as international standards. However, trade disputes related to animal welfare are not likely to be resolved under the auspices of OIE, and access to international markets may be questioned in a way that does not necessarily reflect attitudes to animal production in emerging economies, such as those in South America. This paper presents an... Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Competitiveness; Developing countries; International trade; Welfare policies. Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2011000200001 Constraints to the implementation of effective environmental management in coastal areas of developing countries Anais da ABC (AABC) Wagener,Angela de L.R.. This paper addresses the limitations the scarcity of reliable scientific information poses to the implementation of effective and sustainable coastal management programmes in developing countries. Alternatives to the current monitoring approaches are suggested as to improve information level on the state of the environment and to decrease data gap on past conditions. The paper aims at encouraging the redesign of monitoring practices in developing countries as to be ground on the best actual scientific knowledge. Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Coastal management; Scientific information; Environmental indicators; Monitoring; Developing countries. Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652005000400004 Increasing the regional availability of the Standardized Precipitation Index: an operational approach Bragantia Meschiatti,Monica Cristina; Blain,Gabriel Constantino. ABSTRACT The need to use a length of rainfall records of at least 30 years to calculate the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) limits its application in several Drought Early Warning Systems of developing countries. Therefore, in order to increase the number of weather stations in which the SPI may be applied, this study quantified the difference among SPI values derived from calibration periods (CP) smaller than 30 years in respect to those computed from the 30-year period of 1985 – 2014 in the State of São Paulo, Brazil (time scales ranging from 1 to 12 months were considered). The correlation, agreement and consistency of SPI values derived from CP ranging from the last 30 to 21 years have been evaluated. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov/Lilliefors test... Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Drought monitoring; Calibration periods; Developing countries. Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052016000400507 An outbreak of Candida spp. bloodstream infection in a tertiary care center in Bogotá, Colombia BJID DiazGranados,Carlos A.; Martinez,Adriana; Deaza,Ceneth; Valderrama,Sandra. Several cases of Candida bloodstream infections were documented from June to October 2004 at a tertiary care center in Bogotá, Colombia. Since no cases of candidemia had occurred during the preceding four months, an outbreak was declared. As a result, a microbiological study, a revision of infection control practices and a case-control study were performed. In all, 18 cases of candidemia were ascertained. Parenteral nutrition (p=0.04), presence of a central line (p=0.03), and severity of illness (p=0.03) were associated with candidemia in bivariate analysis. Diverse Candida species were observed. Candida parapsilosis contamination was found in plastic containers used for transient intravenous (IV) medication storage at the bedside, plastic bags reused for... Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Candida; Fungemia; Disease outbreaks; Developing countries; Colombia; Latin America. Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000500009 Registros recuperados: 122 Primeira ... 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ... Última

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