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Registros recuperados: 298
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Trade preference index AgEcon
Cipollina, Maria; Salvatici, Luca.
Building on the work by Anderson and Neary on theoretically grounded trade policy indexes, we define an aggregate measure (Mercantilistic trade preference index – MTPI) of the trade preferential margins. The MTPI provides a method of aggregation that is consistent with a common objective of the preferential policies, since it focuses on the volume of exports. We compute the bilateral MTPIs for the preferences granted by the European Union to 162 exporters to assess how the market access granted by the EU preferential trade agreements does differ across sectors and countries.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: International agricultural trade; Protection; Tariffs; Agricultural and Food Policy; F13; Q17.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115422
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Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in China AgEcon
Huang, Jikun; Rozelle, Scott; Martin, William J.; Liu, Yu.
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Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48478
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Impacts of a liberalization in the USA market for Frozen Concentrated Orange Juice: why Florida´s producers are so afraid? AgEcon
Fracalanza, Paulo Sergio; Ferreira, Adriana Nunes; Neves, Marcos Fava.
This study aims at examining the resource allocation and welfare implications of the reduction of barriers in the United States market for Frozen Concentrated Orange Juice (FCOJ) imported from Brazil. The present paper is organized as follows: section 2 presents an overview of the main features of the market and current trade regime for orange juice, as well as the possible impacts of liberalization within FTAA and with the European Union; section 3 describes the partial equilibrium model of imperfect substitute goods used to estimate the impact of trade liberalization in the United States, on prices and quantities and on welfare; in section 4 two possible scenarios for liberalization are designed using the large country model. The last section summarizes...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Commercial liberalization; Reduction of trade barriers; Partial equilibrium models; Frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ).; Agribusiness; F13.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61920
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Pesticides Residues and Trade: the Apple of Discord? AgEcon
Drogue, Sophie; DeMaria, Federica.
The impact of food safety standards on international trade has already been addressed. Generally, economists try to assess trade losses borne by exporters when importing countries impose stricter regulations. In this paper we assess the impact of the Maximum Residue Levels (MRL) of pesticides on the trade of apples and pears. Rather than focusing on a particular pesticide we take into account the entire list of substances set out by the various regulations with the aim is to understand how the similarity (or dissimilarity) of these can affect trade. Most studies assess the impact of sanitary standard regulations introducing directly in the analysis the MLR put in force in the importing country. We assume that what can be crucial is the difference in the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food safety; Standards; Pesticides; MRL; Apple; Pear; Market access; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade; Q17; F13.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114445
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The Political and Economic Determinants of Trade Disputes under the WTO AgEcon
Fadiga, Mohamadou L.; Fadiga-Stewart, Leslie A..
Replaced with revised version of paper 02/25/08.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Democratization; System of government; Trade disputes; World Trade Organization (WTO); Economic strata; International Relations/Trade; P16; F13.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19483
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Third Country Effects of Price Discrimination: The Case of the Canadian Wheat Board AgEcon
Rude, James; Brewin, Derek G.; White, Martin.
This study considers whether the major concern with the behaviour of exporting state trading enterprises (STEs) should be the practice of price discrimination. Using a differentiated products world wheat model, the impacts of Canadian price discrimination on the welfare of competing exporters are considered. The results show that competing exporters could be better or worse off as result of price discrimination, but the impacts were small. Over a range of possible elasticities US producers were generally better off if North American arbitrage is assumed. Other wheat exporting regions could see their producer’s welfare change between 2 and -0.5%. Given these small impacts, the study suggests that explicit disciplines on discriminatory pricing exporting STEs...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Price discrimination; State trading enterprises; And trade negotiations; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade; Q17; F13.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7338
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Shipping the good beef out: EU trade liberalization to Mercosur exports AgEcon
Ramos, Maria Priscila; Bureau, Jean-Christophe; Salvatici, Luca.
The European Union tariff schedule includes a large number of specific and composite tariffs as well as many tariff-rate quotas (TRQs), which affect the composition of imports. By altering price ratios between products with different unit values, both can generate the typical Alchian-Allen ’shipping the good apples out’ effect in foreign countries’ exports to the EU. Different patterns of trade liberalization, either through tariff reduction or an expansion in preferential-access quotas, might have different consequences for producers and consumers because of changes in the composition of trade. We illustrate the issues at stake in the beef sector, focusing on Mercosur exports to the EU. We model import demand for different qualities in the presence of a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Mercosur; European Union; Quality; Trade; Tariff; Tariff-rate quota; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries; F13; F15; F17; Q17.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7215
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U.S.-Canadian Tomato Wars: An Economist Tries to Make Sense Out of Recent Antidumping Suits AgEcon
VanSickle, John J.; Evans, Edward A.; Emerson, Robert D..
U.S. growers filed an antidumping case against Canadian growers of greenhouse-grown tomatoes, alleging that U.S. growers were being injured, or threatened with material injury, by imports from Canada. The U.S. Department of Commerce determined that imports of greenhouse-grown tomatoes were being sold in U.S. markets at less than fair market value. The U.S. International Trade Commission determined the “like product” to be all fresh market tomatoes, concluding the domestic industry was not materially injured. Anecdotal evidence used by the Commission Department in determining like product ignores the wealth of knowledge that economics can add. An economic model is proposed for purposes of determining like product.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Antidumping; Law; Tomatoes; Trade; U.S.-Canada; F13; F17; K33; Q17.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37962
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Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Bangladesh AgEcon
Ahmed, Nazneen; Bakht, Zaid; Dorosh, Paul A.; Shahabuddin, Quazi.
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Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48481
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Preference erosion and the developing countries exports to the EU: a dynamic panel gravity approach AgEcon
Raimondi, Valentina; Scoppola, Margherita; Olper, Alessandro.
Since 2004 there has been a sharp decrease in border protection for the EU rice industry. Because the EU grants trade preferences to a considerable number of rice exporting developing countries, the reform implied preference erosion as well. By addressing the impact of preference erosion on developing countries rice exports to the EU, this paper contributes two original insights to the literature: first, by proposing a new empirical approach to compute the preference margin when tariff rate quotas are in force which is based on the assumption of the existence of fixed costs and economies of scale in international trade; second, by estimating the trade elasticities of preferences by means of a dynamic panel gravity equation to deal with the issues of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Trade Preferences; Gravity Equation; Tariff Rate Quotas; EU Rice Policy; GMM; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; Q17; F14.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103391
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Food Safety, the Environment, and Trade AgEcon
Zilberman, David; Hochman, Gal; Sexton, Steven E..
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Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48637
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The Art of Exceptions: Sensitive Products in the Doha Negotiations AgEcon
Gouel, Christophe; Mitaritonna, Cristina; Ramos, Maria Priscila.
It is necessary for multilateral trade negotiations to include exceptions to accommodate politically sensitive sectors. However, given the highly concentrated distribution of agricultural protection, too many exceptions put at risk the objectives of World Trade Organization. This paper assesses the delicate balance required, based on the case of agricultural trade protection in Europe and Japan, two countries where tariff dismantling in the agricultural sector is a particularly sensitive issue. Since agricultural border protection is heterogeneous, we avoid aggregation bias by extending a multi-country computable general equilibrium model to the product level. This allows us to combine the assets from general equilibrium and partial equilibrium modeling,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Doha Development Agenda; CGE model; Disaggregation; Sensitive products; Tariff-rate quotas; Agricultural and Food Policy; C68; F13; F17; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115431
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The entry price threshold in EU F&V sector: deterrence or effective barrier? AgEcon
Cioffi, Antonio; Santeramo, Fabio G..
The paper investigates the effects of the entry price scheme for fresh fruit and vegetables. The analysis is conducted on the EU prices of tomatoes, lemons and apples for some of the main competing countries on the EU domestic markets: Morocco, Argentina, Turkey and China. The econometric analysis is based on testing and estimating a switching vector autoregressive model with endogenous threshold entry price level. The model shows the isolation effects and the accumulation of SIVs above the trigger entry price. This paper contributes to clarify the role played by the EPS in avoid or deter low priced imports from main EU partner Countries.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Fruits and vegetables; Entry price system; Trade policy; TVAR; Agricultural and Food Policy; F13; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99432
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Do Price Uncertainties Affect the Use of Policy Flexibilities? The Selection of Sensitive Products in WTO Agricultural Negotiations AgEcon
Listorti, Giulia; Kempen, Markus; Girardin, Jean; Kranzlein, Tim.
In a context in which price uncertainty is likely to increase, expected market trends need to be taken carefully into account while negotiating international trade policy rules. This paper aims at analyzing what is their influence on the use of policy flexibilities in the context of WTO agricultural negotiations. In particular, within the market access pillar, we focus on the selection of sensitive products. Our model, TRIMAG (Tariff Reduction Impact Model for Agriculture), defined at the 8-digit level, optimizes the domestic agricultural value added subject to a maximum number of sensitive tariff lines, accounting for various future international price scenarios. Furthermore, we test the use of alternative options for the implementation of “tariff...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: WTO agricultural negotiations; Market access; Sensitive products; International Relations/Trade; F13; Q17.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114381
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Inequality and Poverty Impacts of Trade Distortions in Mozambique AgEcon
Arndt, Channing; Thurlow, James.
Although Mozambique has considerable agricultural potential, rural poverty remains extremely high. This paper examines the extent to which global and domestic price distortions affect agricultural production and national poverty. We develop a computable general equilibrium (CGE) and micro-simulation model of Mozambique that is linked to the results of a global model. This framework is used to examine the effects of eliminating global and national price distortions. Model results indicate that agriculture is adversely affected by current trade distortions due to policies in the rest of the world. While a removal of all merchandise trade distortions would reduce import prices, it would also raise agricultural production and reduce poverty. By contrast,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52794
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Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Uganda AgEcon
Matthews, Alan; Claquin, Pierre; Opolot, Jacob.
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Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48549
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ECONOMIC AND TRADE INDICATORS FOR HIGH-INCOME AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, 1960 TO 2004 AgEcon
Sandri, Damiano; Valenzuela, Ernesto; Anderson, Kym.
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Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48472
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Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in the Philippines AgEcon
David, Cristina C.; Intal, Ponciano; Balisacan, Arsenio M..
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Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48477
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Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Kenya AgEcon
Winter-Nelson, Alex; Argwings-Kodhek, Gem.
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Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural and trade policy reforms; National agricultural development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48521
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The Impact of Optimal Tariffs and Taxes on Agglomeration AgEcon
Ross, Matthias.
This paper extends an economic geography model by tariffs to analyze their impact on welfare and sustainability of agglomerations. Policies with and without cooperation are compared, with the goal of maximizing aggregated welfare in the former and regional welfare in the latter case. The main result is that under cooperation poorer regions are worse off in two respects. In the short-run they loose even more welfare and in the long-run sustainable agglomerations in richer regions get more likely. Thus, although cooperation could generate aggregated welfare gains the potential losers face even in the short-run no incentive to remove tariffs unless they are compensated appropriately, for instance by transfers. In this sense transfers from the rich to the poor...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Optimal tariffs; Optimal taxation; Policy coordination; Economic geography; Economic integration; Political Economy; F13; H21; F42; R12; F15.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26154
Registros recuperados: 298
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