SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Cacho, Oscar J.; Lipper, Leslie.

Agroforestry projects have the potential to help mitigate global warming by acting as sinks for greenhouse gasses. However, participation in carbon-sink projects may be constrained by high costs. This problem may be particularly severe for projects involving smallholders in developing countries. Of particular concern are the transaction costs incurred in developing projects, measuring, certifying and selling the carbon-sequestration services generated by such projects. This paper addresses these issues by analysing the implications of transaction and abatement costs in carbon-sequestration projects. A model of project participation is developed, which accounts for the conditions under which both buyers and sellers would be willing to engage in a carbon...

IMPROVED FALLOWS IN KENYA: HISTORY, FARMER PRACTICE, AND IMPACTS

Palavras-chave: Agroforestry; Climate Policy; Carbon Sequestration Costs; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q23; Q57; O1; O13.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9324

Place, Frank; Franzel, Steven Charles; Noordin, Qureish; Jama, Bashir.

This case study explores the development, dissemination, adoption, and impact of improved tree fallows in rural western Kenya. The processes of technology development and dissemination throughout the region are described and analyzed. To analyze adoption and impact, the paper applies a variety of different data collection methods as well as samples from both pilot areas where researchers maintained a significant presence and non-pilot areas where farmers learned of the technologies through other channels. Sample sizes for the quantitative analysis ranged from almost 2,000 households for measuring the adoption process to just over 100 households for measuring impact indicators. Qualitative methods included long-term case studies for 40 households and focus...

DEFORESTATION AND AGROFORESTRY ADOPTION IN TROPICAL FORESTS: CAN WE GENERALIZE? SOME RESULTS FROM CAMPECHE, MEXICO AND RONDONIA, BRAZIL

Palavras-chave: Agroforestry; Soil fertility; Kenya; Adoption; Impact; Technology; Farm Management.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16054

Casey, James F.; Caviglia-Harris, Jill L..

The adoption of sustainable agriculture and other sustainable forestry methods that can help to reduce tropical deforestation have received a great deal of attention in the literature (Adesina and Zinnah 1993, Akinola and Young 1985, Feder and Slade 1984, Holden 1993, Kebede et al. 1990). Although results from different studies can be compared in an absolute sense, there are very few individual studies that compare results and determine, through empirical analysis, whether policy can be universally applied. This paper uses farm-level data to determine whether some universal conclusions can be drawn about the adoption of agroforestry by peasant farmers in developing countries by comparing the land use choices of farmers in Rondônia, Brazil and Campeche,...

Labor requirements and profitability of alternative soil fertility replenishment technologies in Zambia

Palavras-chave: Brazil; Mexico; Agroforestry; Tropical Deforestation; Sustainable Agriculture; Adoption; Amazon; Campeche; Rondonia; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36466

Ajayi, Olu Clifford; Akinnifesi, Festus K..

Low soil fertility is a major concern in agricultural productivity and development policy discourse in sub-saharan Africa. The problem is exacerbated by government withdrawal from fertilizer input markets and the inability of private sector operators to fill the gap. This warranted a search for other nutrient sources to supplement chemical fertilizers. Based on field data collected in Zambia, this study assessed the labor inputs implications of “improved tree fallows”, continuous maize cropping with and without mineral fertilizer and, evaluated the financial profitability of the different land use systems. Results show that agroforestry-based land use systems are more profitable (NPV between $233 and $309 per ha) than farmers’ practice of continuous maize...

Carbon Credit Payment Options for Agroforestry Projects in Africa

Palavras-chave: Agroforestry; Improved tree fallows; Financial analysis; Production economics; Southern Africa; Sustainable agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52185

THE BLENDING OF PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH AND QUANTITATIVE METHODS: WEALTH STATUS, GENDER AND THE ADOPTION OF IMPROVED FALLOWS IN ZAMBIA

Allwardt, Jennifer.

The potential of using carbon offset credits from agroforestry projects for farmers in developing areas has become more prevalent in both Clean Development Mechanism and voluntary carbon markets. Since the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol, many international development organizations have been interested in using the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) to help both mitigate CO2 emissions through agroforestry projects offsets and as a poverty reduction tool. Few organizations that have begun talking with farmers about planting trees for carbon offset credits have been able to tell the farmers how much money they would receive from their new tree growth or the costs they will incur in doing so. For this study, a whole farm budget toolkit was designed to...

Tipo: Thesis

Palavras-chave: Agroforestry; Budget toolkit; Carbon credits; Clean Development Mechanism; Payment methods; Smallholder farmers; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Land Economics/Use; O13; O22; R30; Q54.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118497

Franzel, Steven Charles; Phiri, Donald; Mafongoya, Paramu; Jere, Isaac; Katanga, Roza; Phiri, Stanslous.

Although there is increasing emphasis on targeting of improved technology towards poor and female farmers, few adoption studies assess the uptake of new practices by these groups in a comprehensive manner. In this study, community members used the wealth ranking method to identify the different wealth groups in their communities, to determine each household's wealth status, and to assess the association of wealth and different types of households with the planting of improved tree fallows, a practice for improving crop yields. There were no significant differences between the proportions of women and men planting improved fallows nor were there differences between single women and female heads of households who were married. There was some evidence of...

Carbon markets, transaction costs and bioenergy

Palavras-chave: Adoption; Agroforestry; Participatory research; Sesbania sesban; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25812

Cacho, Oscar J..

Payment for carbon sequestration by agriculture and forestry can provide incentives for adoption of sustainable agricultural practices. However, a project involving contracts with farmers may face high transaction costs in showing that net emission reductions are real and attributable to the project. This paper presents a model of project participation that includes transaction and abatement costs. A project feasibility frontier (PFF) is derived, which shows the minimum project size that is feasible for any given market price of carbon. The PFF is used to analyse how the design of a climate mitigation program may affect the feasibility of actual projects.

Assessing the economic impact of an emissions trading scheme on agroforestry in Australia’s northern grazing systems

Palavras-chave: Climate Policy; Greenhouse Effect; Carbon Sequestration; Agroforestry; Transaction Costs; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6007

Donaghy, Peter; Rolfe, John; Gowen, Rebecca; Bray, Steven; Madonna, Hoffman.

Although agriculture generates a significant portion of Australia’s greenhouse gas emissions, it also has the potential to sequester large quantities of emissions through changed land use management such as agroforestry. Whilst there is an extensive amount of agroforestry literature, little has been written on the economic consequences of adopting silvopastoral systems in northern Australia. This paper reports the economic feasibility of adopting complimentary agroforestry systems in the low rainfall region of northern Australia. The analysis incorporates the dynamic tradeoffs between tree and pasture growth, carbon sequestration, cleared regrowth decomposition rates and livestock methane emissions in a bioeconomic model. The results suggest there are...

Trees and water: smallholder agroforestry on irrigated lands in Northern India

Palavras-chave: Carbon sequestration; Financial analysis; Carbon accounting framework; Agroforestry; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59069

Zomer, Robert J.; Bossio, Deborah A.; Trabucco, Antonio; Yuanjie, Li; Gupta, Diwan C.; Singh, Virendra P..

Trees are increasingly grown on-farm to supply wood and biomass needs within developing countries. Over the last several decades, within the irrigated rice-wheat growing lands of northern India, fast-growing poplar trees have been planted on tens of thousands of small farms. Recent debate regarding afforestation has raised the issue that water use is often increased when trees are planted. This ongoing debate focuses primarily on afforestation or reforestation of upland and rain-fed agricultural areas, and off-site impacts such as reduced streamflow. Adoption of poplar agroforestry in northern India, in contrast, is occurring in areas where land and water are already intensively used and managed for agricultural production. This study based on farmer...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Trees; Populus deltoids; Agroforestry; Afforestation; Reforestation; Models; Water use; Water balance; Evapotranspiration; Precipitation; Remote sensing; Irrigation requirements; India; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53067

Tree-crop interactions and their environmental and economic implications in the presence of carbon-sequestration payments

Wise, Russell M.; Cacho, Oscar J..

Growing trees with crops has environmental and economic implications. Trees can help prevent land degradation and increase biodiversity while at the same time allow for the continued use of the land to produce agricultural crops. In fact, growing trees alongside crops is known to improve both the productivity and sustainability of the land. However, due to high labour-input requirements, high costs of establishment, and delayed revenue returns, trees are often not economically attractive to landholders. Because of the Kyoto Protocol, and the growing emphasis on market-based solutions to environmental problems, the ability of trees to sequester and store CO2 has altered the economic landscape of agroforestry systems. The economic and management implications...

Economic Assessment of Agroforestry Systems Compared to Other Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Options for Suckler Cow Farming

Palavras-chave: Agroforestry; Bioeconomics; Tree/crop interactions; Carbon credits; Baselines; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58271

Briner, Simon; Hartmann, Michael; Lehmann, Bernard.

Agriculture is responsible for a large share of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially for methane and nitrous oxide emissions. Applying a bio-economic whole-farm model, we assessed five GHG mitigation options on their economic suitability to reduce emissions from grassland-based suckler cow farms. Among the assessed options, only compensation by agroforestry systems and the choice of an adequate production system showed the potential to significantly reduce emissions. If an adequate production system is chosen, GHG emissions per kilogram of meat can be reduced by up to 18% – from 21.9 to 18 kg CO2-eq./kg of meat – while total gross margin can be increased by up to 14%. Through the application of an agroforestry system, GHG emissions in all...

THE IMPACT OF AGROFORESTRY-BASED SOIL FERTILITY REPLENISHMENT PRACTICES ON THE POOR IN WESTERN KENYA

Palavras-chave: Greenhouse gas mitigation; Whole-farm model; Agroforestry; Suckler farming; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114271

Place, Frank; Adato, Michelle; Hebinck, Paul; Omosa, Mary.

This case study explores the relationships between agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment (SFR) systems (improved fallows and biomass transfer) and poverty reduction in rural western Kenya. It further examines the role that different dissemination approaches play in conditioning which segments of society gain access to information to the technologies and then uses them. The study made use of many different qualitative and quantitative data collection methods and samples from both pilot areas where researchers maintained a significant presence and nonpilot areas where farmers learned of the technologies through other channels. Adoption processes were analyzed quantitatively using almost 2,000 households. Qualitative methods included case studies...

Bioeconomic meta-modelling of Indonesian agroforests as carbon sinks

Palavras-chave: Poverty; Agricultural research; Sustainable livelihoods; Vulnerability; Agricultural extension; Social capital; Soil fertility replenishment; Agroforestry; Kenya; Land Economics/Use.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16400

Wise, Russell M.; Cacho, Oscar J..

In many areas of developing countries, economic and institutional factors often combine to give farmers incentives to clear forests and repeatedly plant food crops without sufficiently replenishing the soils. These activities lead to large-scale land degradation and contribute to global warming through the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. We investigate whether agroforestry systems might alleviate these trends when carbon-credit payments are available under the Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol. A meta-modelling framework is adopted, comprising an econometric-production model of a smallholding in Sumatra. The model is used within a dynamic-programming algorithm to determine optimal combinations of tree/crop area,...

Land Cover in a Managed Forest Ecosystem: Mexican Shade Coffee

Palavras-chave: Bio-economic meta-modelling; Indonesia; Agroforestry; Carbon credits; Dynamic programming; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6772

Blackman, Allen; Albers, Heidi J.; Sartorio, Beatriz Avalos; Crooks, Lisa.

Managed forest ecosystems-agroforestry systems in which crops such as coffee and bananas are planted side-by-side with woody perennials-are being touted as a means of safeguarding forests along with the ecological services they provide. Yet we know little about the determinants of land cover in such systems, information needed to design effective forest conservation policies. This paper presents a first-ever spatial regression analysis of land cover in a managed forest ecosystem-a shade coffee region of coastal Mexico. Using high-resolution land cover data derived from aerial photographs, along with data on the institutional, geophysical, socioeconomic, and agronomic characteristics of the study area, we find that plots in close proximity to urban centers...