|
|
|
| Registros recuperados: 214 | |
|
|
| Palmer, Karen L.; Burtraw, Dallas. |
| In the mid-1990s, when the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission was preparing to release Order 888 requiring open access to the transmission grid, the commission, environmental groups, and the Environmental Protection Agency, among others, raised the question of how open access and greater competition in wholesale electricity markets might affect the environment. If open access worked as expected, underutilized older coal-fired generators in the Midwest and elsewhere might find new markets for their power, leading to associated increases in air pollution emissions. Restructuring also might lead to retirements of inefficient nuclear facilities, whose generation would be replaced by fossil generation, further increasing emissions. On the other hand, some... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Electricity; Electric utilities; Regulation; Competition; Environment; Air pollution; Natural gas; Coal; Nuclear; Renewables; Customer choice; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; L51; L94; L98. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10656 |
| |
|
|
| Carter, Colin A.; MacLaren, Donald; Yilmaz, Alper. |
| Japan is one of the largest importers of wheat in the world, with imports originating from three countries, Australia, Canada, and the United States. Australia, Canada, and Japan all use a government single-desk agency to control wheat trade. Many previous studies on competition in the world grain trade have argued the market is imperfectly competitive, and they often point to the Japanese market. We study the Japanese wheat import market for this reason, but find no compelling evidence of imperfect competition. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Wheat trade; Competition; Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade; F14; L10; Q17. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11973 |
| |
|
|
| Smith, Peter. |
| Some aspects of economic systems (eg, nonlinearity, qualitative variables) are intractable when incorporated into models. The widespread practice of excluding them (or greatly limiting their role) produces deviations of unknown size and form between the resulting models and the reality they purport to represent. To explore this issue, and the extent to which a change in methodology can improve tractability, a combination of two techniques, fuzzy logic and genetic algorithms, was applied to the problem of how the sellers in a freely competitive market, if initially trading at different prices, can find their way to supply/demand equilibrium. A multi-agent model was used to simulate the evolution of autonomously- learnt rule-governed behaviour, (i), under... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Competition; Markets; Walrasian Crier; Equilibrium; Fuzzy logic; Genetic algorithms; Evolutionary algorithms; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30569 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Fulton, Murray E.; Gray, Richard S.. |
| Grain transportation is one of the most important economic issues for grain producers in the Northern Plains. The reliance on export markets and the long distances to port position means that transportation costs have a significant effect on the price received by farmers. In the prairie region of Canada, rail transportation is undergoing a major transformation that will affect the competitive positions of agriculture in both the United States and Canada and influence the direction of grain flows between the two countries. Rail rates are no longer legislated although a cap is still in place), restrictions on branch line abandonment have been lifted, and further deregulation of price and car allocation is being considered. Some parties, including the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Barriers to entry; Competition; Grain handling; Grain transportation; Monopoly; Railroads; Regulation; Public Economics; K2; L1; L9; L5. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29164 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Round, David K.. |
| The level and nature of competition in supermarket retailing in Australia has been hotly debated as a policy issue in recent times. The creeping acquisitions of smaller groups by Coles and Woolworths have led to several investigations amid claims that consumers will be disadvantaged by the growth of the two big chains. Yet little convincing evidence has been found to support these assertions. Although on occasions the big two may have used their power vertically to squeeze suppliers, consumers have experienced highly competitive retail markets. In this paper, it is argued that it is market conduct, not structure, that should be the prime focus of regulatory and policy interest, and that recent corporate activity may lead to a third force in supermarket... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Competition; Market power; Mergers and acquisitions; Supermarkets; Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116860 |
| |
|
|
| Shurchkov, Olga. |
| Gender gaps in income and level of position in the workplace are widespread. One explanation for this inequality is that the genders perform differently under competitive conditions, as previous experimental studies have found a significant gender gap in competitive tasks that are perceived to favor men. In this paper, we use a verbal task that is perceived to favor women and find no gender difference under competition per se. We also reject the hypothesis that a .stereotype threat. explains the inability of women to improve performance under competition. We propose an alternative explanation for gender inequality: namely, that women and men respond differently to time pressure. With reduced time pressure, competition in verbal tasks greatly increases the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Gender Differences; Competition; Effects of Time Pressure; Labor and Human Capital; C9; J16; J71. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55294 |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Damgaard, Martin. |
| This paper investigates the effect of competition in a market consisting of interlinked economic agents. In particular, the effect of increased competition from the surrounding markets is demonstrated. The presented work is an extension of the Bak-Sneppen model (Bak and Sneppen 1993). Here are two Bak-Sneppen models interlinked such that if the lowest fitness value of one market exceeds the fitness values of the other market minus transportation cost, all cells lower than this band will receive a new random value. The model shows that interdependency between markets has a strong effect on the competitiveness of the least competitive market. The external competition is able to make the least competitive market perform better as well as worse than on its own. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Bak-Sneppen model; Interdependency; Competition; Marketing. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44056 |
| |
|
|
| MacDonald, James M.; Handy, Charles R.; Plato, Gerald E.. |
| USDA's Farm Service Agency (FSA) purchases food products for distribution through several of the Department's food assistance programs. This report describes FSA purchase methods and compares them to procurement strategies used by other Federal agencies and by private sector firms. It summarizes the principal policy issues faced by FSA in designing procurement strategies. And it uses a detailed statistical analysis to compare FSA prices to those realized in the private sector, and to identify the separate effects of agricultural commodity prices, seasonality, client location, purchase volumes, product characteristics, and competition on FSA product prices. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Procurement; Auctions; Food assistance; Competition; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33925 |
| |
|
|
| Lasowski, Ophir; Kuhl, Rainer. |
| Cooperatives are not only a legal form, but also a form of organisation, which is owned by a group of individuals. For gaining and sustaining competitiveness cooperatives are forced to grow into certain minimum optimal size categories. Common measures of size are turnover or total assets. But, for cooperatives the number of members has been a quite popular measure for cooperatives' success, size, and their attractiveness. Although often mentioned, the number of members has only been taken as a given value, ignoring the influence of the group itself on its own size. However, there has been no attempt to measure the potential size of a group and its growth dynamic under a given set-up. With the development of a strategic decision game for a hypothetical... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Cooperatives; Growth Dynamic; Group-Size; Competition; Member-Value; Strategic Game; Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14974 |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Alvarez Moreno, Gumercindo; Rodríguez Garcia, Roselyn; Flores Montano, Amelia. |
| Aloe Vera is the base of a very lucrative business around the world, in which Mexico participates as the main Aloe Vera raw materials producer and exporter country. For the perishable nature of Aloe Vera raw materials, they go under a stabilization process that fulfills the final consumer requirements. Many of the companies certify their raw materials, processes and final products in order to guarantee to the final consumer the origin, purity, and product content, besides the ethical strictness of their promotional and commercial information. The certifying council (International Aloe Science Council) express in their promotion that certified companies are more competitive than those that don't certify their products. However, since the lack of evidences... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Competition; Aloe Vera processor; Competitive profile; Certification seal; Raw materials.; Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120500 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Bukeviciute, Lina; Dierx, Adriaan; Ilzkovitz, Fabienne; Roty, Guillaume. |
| Agricultural commodities and consumer food prices have experienced strong variations over the last 2 years, both upwards and downwards. This increased volatility, combined with long-term prospects of rising food prices, highlights the necessity to increase the efficiency of the food supply chain to ensure consumer food prices reflect the evolution of inputs prices. This paper aims at better understanding price transmission mechanisms along the chain across European Union Member States. Significant differences across Member States in magnitude of pass-through of agricultural commodity prices variations to consumer prices, as well as price transmission asymmetries, suggest potential market fragmentation within the EU. Country-specific regulatory frameworks,... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Food; Regulation; Market structure; Competition; Pricing.; Financial Economics. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57987 |
| |
|
| |
| Registros recuperados: 214 | |
|
|
|
