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Variations on the nutritional status of eucalypt as influenced by the genetic material and age of tree PAB
Wadt,Paulo Guilherme Salvador; Novais,Roberto Ferreira de; Alvarez,Victor Hugo; Barros,Nairam Félix de; Dias,Luiz Eduardo.
The Diagnosis and Recommendation System (DRIS) was applied to eucalypt trees (hybrids of Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla) with different ages and growing under different environmental conditions for three different clones. The basic data were obtained from 1,986 trees of commercial stands cultivated in the states of Espírito Santo and south Bahia, Brazil. The DRIS indices were calculated using the Beaufils' Range formula and grouped according to the Nutrient Application Potential Response method. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the N, P and Ca status in eucalypt trees, regarding the tree ages and genetic materials. The DRIS indices discriminated differences in the nutritional status of the trees, both in relation to age and the genetic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: DRIS; Coefficient of nutrient utilization; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Calcium; Eucalyptus grandis; Eucalyptus urophylla.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X1999001000005
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Chemical composition of cactus pear cladodes under different fertilization and harvesting managements PAB
Gomes,Gil Mario Ferreira; Cândido,Magno José Duarte; Lopes,Marcos Neves; Maranhão,Theyson Duarte; Andrade,Dhones Rodrigues de; Costa,Jander Fabrício Martins; Silveira,Walisson Marques; Neiva,José Neuman Miranda.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of combined phosphorus and nitrogen fertilization and of harvesting frequency on the chemical composition of 'Gigante' cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) cladodes. The experiment was carried out in two municipalities, Quixadá and Tejuçuoca, in the state of Ceará, Brazil. Fertilization with nitrogen (urea) and phosphorus (single superphosphate) was done with nine doses, respectively: 10 and 70, 70 and 10, 70 and 70, 70 and 130, 100 and 100, 130 and 70, 130 and 130, 130 and 190, and 190 and 130 kg ha-1 per year, besides 100 kg ha-1 N and P2O5 per year as the control. The harvesting frequencies evaluated were annual and biannual. A randomized complete block design was adopted, in split plot,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Opuntia ficus-indica; Harvesting frequency; Nitrogen; Phosphorus.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2018000200221
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Analysis of variance of primary data on plant growth analysis PAB
Araújo,Adelson Paulo.
Plant growth analysis presents difficulties related to statistical comparison of growth rates, and the analysis of variance of primary data could guide the interpretation of results. The objective of this work was to evaluate the analysis of variance of data from distinct harvests of an experiment, focusing especially on the homogeneity of variances and the choice of an adequate ANOVA model. Data from five experiments covering different crops and growth conditions were used. From the total number of variables, 19% were originally homoscedastic, 60% became homoscedastic after logarithmic transformation, and 21% remained heteroscedastic after transformation. Data transformation did not affect the F test in one experiment, whereas in the other experiments...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: ANOVA model; Statistic; Phosphorus; Common bean; Rice.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2003000100001
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Nitrogen deposition influences the response of Potentilla tanacetifolia to phosphorus addition Phyton
Yang,G; Zhang,Z; Zhang,G; Zhang,H; Han,X; Busso,CA.
Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient for all living plants and plant production. Simultaneously, atmospheric nitrogen deposition also affects plant productivity at a global scale. However, few studies have investigated how plants respond to P addition while simultaneously considering N deposition. We investigated plant biomass, nutrient status and stoichiometric ratios on Potentilla tanacetifolia in response to P fertilization under contrasting N addition rates in a typical meadow steppe in Inner Mongol ia, China. Aboveground biomass of P. tanacetifolia increased under increasing levels of P fertilization under conditions of N addition. However, there was no significant change in biomass when only phosphorus was added. Plant leaf and stem P...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Nitrogen; Phosphorus; N: P ratio; Plant organs.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1851-56572016000100014
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Nitrogen metabolism in roots and leaves of green bean plants exposed to different phosphorus doses Phyton
Sánchez,E.; Ávila-Quezada,G.; Gardea,A.A.; Muñoz,E.; Ruiz,J.M.; Romero,L..
The objective of this work was to determine the effect of different P doses on nitrogen assimilation in roots and leaves of green beans plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Strike). Phosphorus was applied in the nutrient solution as H3PO4, at the nutrient doses of: P1 = 0.40 mM; P2 = 0.80 mM; P3 = 1.60 mM; P4 = 3.20 mM; P5 = 4.80 mM, and P6 = 6.40 mM P. Our results indicate that both P toxicity and deficiency gave similar responses to N assimilation. Phosphorus and NO3 - interacted on the absorption and translocation processes affecting N assimilation. The deficiency (P1), and toxicity (P6) treatments, diminished root absorption of NO3- in 15% and 36%, respectively, respect to the optimum dose (P3), thus reducing nutrient availability for assimilation. This...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Nitrogen metabolism; Green bean; Phosphorus; Deficiency; Toxicity.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1851-56572009000100003
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How much can be gained by optimizing nutrient abetment spatially – Cost – efficiency comparison of non – point arable loads from different Finnish watersheds AgEcon
Helin, Janne; Tattari, Sirkka.
Targeting has become the buzz word in the national agri-environmental policy reform in Finland. It is generally accepted that more environmental benefits could be reaped by implementing environmental protection measures where they have the biggest positive impact. However, considering one of the main environmental problems in Finland resulting from agriculture, eutrophication, the identification of first-best policy or even the biggest contributors among the diffuse nutrient sources remains as a considerable challenge. The model developed in this study aims to demonstrate how the agricultural nutrient load potential can be calculated in a way which supports the identifying of cost-efficient abatement policies. We use metamodeling of dynamic nutrient load...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Nutrient abatement; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Non-linear optimization; GIS; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109381
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Assessing the Distributional Impacts of Transferable Pollution Permits: The Case of Phosphorus Pollution Management at a River Basin Scale AgEcon
Kampas, Athanasios; Mamalis, Spyridon.
Although the initial allocation of pollution permits is neutral in terms of efficiency, it does have a significant impact on distributive equity. In this paper, we examine the two main categories of permit allocation rules, the distributive and the reductive, for controlling phosphorus pollution in a small catchment in South West England. Based on the premise that the regulatory choice compromises efficiency and equity, the main result of this paper is that an allocation of permits in proportion to the intensity of environmental preferences is a “win-win” choice. The reason is that it simultaneously achieves two goals. First, it is efficient (or cost-effective) since a permit system achieves a prespecified target at a minimum abatement cost, while second,...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Pollution permits; Phosphorus; Nutrient management; Export coefficient model; Water quality; Distributive justice; Income inequality; Atkinson Index; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44115
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Precision Feeding in Dairy Ration Cost Minimization Under Producer's Risk Management AgEcon
Salim, Juma K.; Dillon, Carl R..
The biophysical simulation data from Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System were used in non-linear programming model for least cost ration incorporating ingredient nutrient and price variations. Precision feeding practice indicated to have lower mean cost ration than whole herd feeding in terms of ration cost.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Non-linear programming; Nutrient variation; Price variation; Precision feeding; Environmental pollution; Phosphorus; Nitrogen; Mean cost ration; Whole herd feeding; Livestock Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34925
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Sulphur test KCl-40 and growth of the Australian canola industry AgEcon
Two Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) projects in the mid-1980s (Projects 8328 and 8804) funded research at the University of New England to help better understand and improve phosphorus and sulfur management in tropical agricultural systems. As tropical agriculture expands into more marginal land and production systems intensify, the demands for soil phosphorus and sulfur increase. Major outcomes of the research were a better understanding of the nutrient dynamics in South-East Asia and the development of a new and more reliable soil test for available sulfur. The new test (KCl-40) more accurately measured the sulfur available to plants, as it was able to measure the sulfur held within organic matter. A spin-off from the...
Tipo: Book Palavras-chave: Sulfur; Canola; Australia; Soil; Phosphorus; Nutrient dynamics; South-east Asia; KCl; Livestock; Economic evaluation; Yield; NSW; WA; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47501
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Some Simulation Results for a Green Insurance Mechanism AgEcon
Baerenklau, Kenneth A..
This analysis extends previous work on green insurance by proposing a mechanism that offers a stronger adoption incentive and is applicable to heterogeneous populations and non-binary adoption decisions. Endogenous learning about the new technology is incorporated, and empirically calibrated simulation results are presented for the case of reduced-phosphorus dairy diets. Results show that the mechanism has a significant impact on behavior and may incur no net cost for the regulator when an insurance premium is charged. Conditions under which a green payment mechanism may be preferable to green insurance also are discussed.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Conservation technology adoption; Dairy farming; Endogenous learning; Green insurance; Phosphorus; Risk preferences; Voluntary programs; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30787
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Macro Level Economic Evaluation of Manure Application Rates Using CEEOT-MMS AgEcon
Osei, Edward.
Alternative manure application rates represent an integral part of current nutrient management efforts on animal feeding operations (AFOs). Previous studies have indicated that lower manure application rates tend to increase farm production costs. In this study, the Comprehensive Economic and Environmental Optimization Tool - Macro Modeling System (CEEOT-MMS) was used to evaluate the farm-level economic implications of alternative manure application rates for all AFOs in the 48 contiguous states of the U.S. Representative farms derived through statistical disaggregation of national databases and K-means clustering were simulated within the the Farm-level Economic Model (FEM) to determine the economic impacts of four manure application rates. The highest...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: FEM; CEEOT-MMS; Animal feeding operations; Clustering; Costs; Manure; Phosphorus; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6240
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ECONOMIC RETURNS FROM REDUCING POULTRY LITTER PHOSPHORUS WITH MICROBIAL PHYTASE AgEcon
Bosch, Darrell J.; Zhu, Minkang; Kornegay, Ervin T..
Requiring that crop applications of manure be based on phosphorus content (P-standard) could increase poultry litter disposal costs. Microbial phytase reduces litter P content and could reduce litter disposal costs under a P-standard. For a representative Virginia turkey farm, phytase costs $2,500 and could increase value of litter used for fertilizer on the turkey farm by $390 and reduce supplemental P feed costs by $1,431. Based on assumed litter demand and supply, estimated litter export prices with phytase could exceed export prices without phytase by $3.81 per ton. Phytase net returns to the farm are an estimated $ 1,435.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Economic returns; Microbial phytase; Nutrient management; Phosphorus; Poultry litter; Water quality; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15056
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Site-Specific Simulation of Nutrient Control Policies: Integrating Economic and Water Quality Effects AgEcon
Burkhart, Christopher S.; Jha, Manoj K..
A watershed-based modeling system is developed to assess alternative nutrient abatement policies, including fertilizer taxes, application caps, and uniform reductions. A microeconometric model of nutrient use is estimated using farm-level data, prices, and spatially detailed soil and land characteristics. Results are interfaced with a physical watershed model to predict water quality changes. Simulations demonstrate differences in water quality effects across policies. For nitrate loads at the watershed outlet, an application cap provides slightly superior performance for small reductions, but a tax is more efficient under larger reductions. Phosphorus reductions at the subwatershed level vary but provide information about policy tradeoffs.
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Nitrogen; Nutrient policy; Phosphorus; Water quality; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122307
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Effects of Macronutrients on Seed Quality and Profitability Analysis of Sunflower Production in Northwest Pakistan AgEcon
Amanullah; Khan, Mir Wali; Almas, Lal K.; Stewart, Bob A..
Potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) application to sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) reduced cost of production, increased seed oil and protein concentration, yield and net returns on the K and P deficient soils in Northwest Pakistan. Field experiment was conducted at the New Developmental Research Farm of NWFP (North West Frontier Province) Agricultural University Peshawar, Pakistan during summer 2006. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements using three replications. Six levels of K (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 kg ha-1) were kept in main plots while four levels of P (0, 45, 90 and 135 kg ha-1) were kept in sub-plots. Increase in K and P levels enhanced seed oil concentration, on the other hand, increase...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Sunflower; Potassium; Phosphorus; Oil; Protein; Economic analysis; Northwest Pakistan; Farm Management; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56437
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Costs of Reducing Nutrient Losses in Denmark - Analyses of Different Regulation Systems and Cost Effective Measures AgEcon
Jacobsen, Brian H.; Abildtrup, Jens; Jensen, Jorgen Dejgaard; Hasler, Berit.
The economic calculations carried out prior to the Plan for the Aquatic Environment III included a comparison of regulation systems aimed at reducing nitrogen leaching, analyses of measures for reducing phosphorus losses and estimation of administrative costs. The conclusions were that taxation of the N-surplus introduced at the sector level was the most cost effective regulation when compared with administrative regulation and set a side. For phosphorus a balance between incoming and outgoing phosphorus is very costly as this requires that much slurry is transported from the western to the eastern part of Denmark. The final plan for the Aquatic Environment III from 2004 included a 13% reduction of N-leaching until 2015 based on cost effective...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Cost-effectiveness; Cost of reducing nitrogen leaching; Phosphorus; Administrative costs; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q51; Q52; Q53.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24536
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Effects of nutrient impoverishment on phytoplankton biomass: a mesocosms experimental approach in a shallow eutrophic reservoir (Garças Pond), São Paulo, southeast Brazil Rev. Bras. Bot.
Crossetti,Luciane O; Bicudo,Carlos E. de M.
Nutrient impoverishment in mesocosms was carried out in a shallow eutrophic reservoir aiming to evaluate the nutrient removal technique as a method for eutrophication reduction. Garças Pond is located in the Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga Biological Reserve situated in the southeast region of the municipality of São Paulo. Three different treatments were designed, each consisting of two enclosures containing 360 liters of water each. Mesocosms were made of polyethylene bags and PVC pipes, and were attached to the lake bottom. Treatment dilutions followed Carlson's trophic state index modified by Toledo and collaborators, constituting the oligotrophic, mesotrophic, and eutrophic treatments. Ten abiotic and 9 biological samplings were carried out...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Biomass; Impoverishment; Mesocosms; Phosphorus; Phytoplankton.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-84042005000100009
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Hybrid Phytase and Carbohydrases in Corn and Soybean Meal-Based Diets for Broiler Chickens: Performance and Production Costs Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Avic.
Bavaresco,C; Krabbe,E; Gopinger,E; Sandi,AJ; Martinez,FN; Wernik,B; Roll,VFB.
ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of using 500 FTU/kg of hybrid phytase (created from three bacteria - Natuphos E), with or without xylanase and glucanase (560 TXU/kg; 250 TGU/kg) - Natugrain TS, in corn and soybean meal-based diets, with nutritional reductions in metabolizable energy (ME), Ca, and available phosphorus (AP), on performance parameters and production costs in broiler chickens. The 1875chickens were housed in boxes and distributed among 5 treatments with 15 replicates of 25 chickens each. The experiment included a positive control (the diet of which met the nutritional requirements of the birds), two negative controls (with ME reductions of 70 and 100 kcal/kg, and fixed reductions in Ca [0.16%] and AP [0.15%]), and two...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Calcium; Cost; Energy; Enzyme; Phosphorus.
Ano: 2020 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2020000100319
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Salmonella Enteritidis in the eggs of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica - Temminck & Schlegel, 1849) fed diets with different calcium and phosphorus levels Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Avic.
Katayama,ERi; Donato,TC; Silva,A de P; Mazola,RP; Garcia,EA; Okamoto,AS; Andreatti Filho,RL.
Several studies point out that eggs are the main cause of human salmonellosis, particularly when poorly processed or eaten raw. In addition of causing public health problems, the presence of Salmonella hinders international food trade, and therefore, it is a health barrier. There are several predisposing factors for the contamination of internal egg content by Salmonella spp, including eggshell quality, which is related to dietary calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) levels. In this study, eggs from Japanese quails fed diets containing two different Ca (2.0 or 3.5%) or P (0.25 or 0.45%) levels were evaluated. Three production phases were used in the experiment: starter, intermediate, and final. The presence of Salmonella Enteriditis in the eggshell and internal...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Calcium; Quail production; Coturnix japonica; Phosphorus; Salmonellosis.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2013000100005
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Litter characteristics and pododermatitis incidence in broilers fed a sorghum-based diet Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Avic.
Carvalho,CMC; Litz,FH; Fernandes,EA; Silveira,MM; Martins,JM da S; Fonseca,LA; Zanardo,JA.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of footpad dermatitis and quality of broilers litter fed with sorghum grain and diets based in corn. It was used 544 male and female chicks, distributed in a completely randomized design with two treatments and eight replications. The chicken feed was formulated and produced from corn, soybean meal and sorghum grain. In the formulation were kept constant levels of energy and protein in accordance with the following treatments: A. Control (diet based on corn and soybean meal); B. Grain sorghum (Whole Sorghum + soybean meal). At 35 and 42 days were evaluated mineral matter (A %), calcium (Ca%), phosphorus (P%), pH and dry matter (DM %) of the poultry litter. To evaluate the footpad dermatitis were evaluated...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Turkey; Enteritis; Viruses; Poults; Diagnosis; Calcium; Environmental impact; Phosphorus.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2014000300010
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Evaluation of nutrient excretion and retention in broilers submitted to different nutritional strategies Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Avic.
Graña,AL; Tavernari,FC; Lelis,GR; Albino,LFT; Rostagno,HS; Gomes,PC.
An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of different nutritional strategies on nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) balance and on copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) excretion in broilers during the periods of 1 to 21 days and 1 to 46 days of age. Four hundred male Cobb-500 broilers were used. A randomized block experimental design was applied, including five treatments with eight replicates of 10 birds each. A five-phase feeding program was adopted (1-8, 9-21, 22-33, 34-40 and 41-46 days of age). Treatments consisted of a control diet (C) with typical protein level and low amino acid supplementation; a reduced-protein diet supplemented with synthetic amino acids formulated on ideal protein concept (IP); C with phytase (C+PHY)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Enzyme; Phosphorus; Organic trace minerals; Ideal protein.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2013000200013
Registros recuperados: 225
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