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Registros recuperados: 293
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Valuing Transgenic Cotton Technologies Using a Risk/Return Framework AgEcon
Bryant, Kelly J.; Reeves, Jeanne M.; Nichols, Robert L.; Greene, Jeremy K.; Tingle, Christopher H.; Studebaker, Glenn E.; Bourland, Fred M.; Capps, Charles D.; Groves, Frank E..
Stochastic Efficiency with Respect to a Function (SERF) is used to rank transgenic cotton technology groups and place an upper and lower bound on their value. Yield and production data from replicated plot experiments are used to build cumulative distribution functions of returns for nontransgenic, Roundup Ready, Bollgard, and stacked gene cotton cultivars. Analysis of Arkansas data indicated that the stacked gene and Roundup Ready technologies would be preferred by a large number of risk neutral and risk averse producers as long as the costs of the technology and seed are below the lower bounds calculated in this manuscript.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Cotton; Financial risk; Market value; SERF; Transgenic; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47257
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ICT and Typical Products: An Analysis of Italian Farms AgEcon
Platania, Marco; Privitera, Donatella.
The paper discusses the final results of research into the use and impact of ICT on a sample of firms in the Calabria region of southern Italy processing typical food products (salami, citrus fruits, oil, cheese) certified as PDO or PGI. The specific sample was chosen for two reasons: on the one hand to assess the compatibility of ICT in firms where production follows historic and territorial traditions, and on the other to test the hypothesis that the use of ICT in firms processing food products of certified quality should ideally present a greater, more significant impact. The results let us know some characteristics concerning with the introduction and usage of new technology in the examined farms.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Computer use; Typical Italian products; Intensity of innovation; Agricultural software use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q12; Q16; O33.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24648
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Estimate of the Potential Adoption of Genetically Modified Cotton by Farmers in Southern Spain and its Economic Implications AgEcon
Gomez-Barbero, Manuel; Rodgriguez-Cerezo, Emilio.
This paper analyses the potential adoption and economic on-farm impact of Bt cotton in the Andalusia region (southern Spain). Survey data have shown that, on average, 58% of the responding farmers know about genetically modified (GM) cotton. Another outcome of the survey is that 95% of the farmers declaring that they know about GM cotton would be willing to grow Bt cotton. In the main cotton-producing districts, farmers' attitudes are positive, and they would be willing to adopt the technology. In areas where the crop is more important, the farmers who are willing to adopt Bt cotton represent over 75% of the area under cotton. As regards the on-farm economic impact resulting from a potential adoption, the assessment is that savings on the cost of direct...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cotton; Economic impact; Andalusia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q16; Q20; Q12; O52.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24556
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The use of information and communication technologies in the modernization of Caribbean agriculture: Focus on agricultural extension AgEcon
Ganpat, Wayne G.; Ragbir, Sarojini; de Freitas, Claudette.
Bridgetown, Barbados 6th – 10th July, 2009
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Development; Extension; Information Communication Technologies; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Q16.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122663
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Trends and Opportunities in Agriculture An Executive Interview with Lowell Catlett AgEcon
Jose, H. Douglas.
Agriculture will change more in the next decade than it did in the last century. Lowell Catlett is a futurist sharing his knowledge and insight on the new trends and technologies shaping the future of agriculture and how those working in this sector can take advantage of new opportunities.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Innovation; Communication; Opportunity; Technology; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Q10; Q16.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53804
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Entrepreneurial Attitudes and Behaviours in Small-Scale Dairy Farms in Turkey AgEcon
Armagan, Goksel; Ozden, Altug.
Dairy farms are quite important to transform Turkish livestock sector into being more productive and competitive in the process of EU integration. The purpose of this study is to determine the socio economic features of dairy farms in Turkey and to determine producers’ individual and management goals in the future. In addition, farmers’ level of participation related to the attitudes, behaviors and subjective norm components are determined and an entrepreneurship index is constructed to determine the factors that influence social economic characteristics of entrepreneurship. The material of the study consists of 167 surveys obtained from Cattle Breeders Association of Turkey in 17 cities through the postal mail in 2007. A five “Likert Scale” was used to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Small-Scale Dairy Farms; Entrepreneur Index; Theory of Planned Behavior; Turkey; Consumer/Household Economics; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52813
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Adoption of New Seed Varieties Under Production Risk: An Application to Rice in Iran AgEcon
Bakhshoodeh, Mohamad; Shajari, S..
This paper focuses on linkage between new rice seed varieties and production risk and also factors affecting adoption of these varieties in Iran. Farm-level data were collected from a sample of 154 rice farms located in two major districts of Fars province in Southern Iran for 2001-02. The risk-premium associated with the use of seed is estimated following by analyzing a moment-based production risk approach. The results show that the risk premium increases with new seed varieties in the lack of appropriate production conditions implying that new seed varieties is a riskincreasing input and involves a higher cost of risk. However, under suitable production conditions, the cultivation of new rice varieties on average ensures greater yield and at the same...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Production risk; Moments-based estimation; New seed varieties; Rice; Crop Production/Industries; D8; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25578
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Calculating Costs of Pig Production with the InterPIG Network AgEcon
Haxsen, Gerhard.
Summary: This working paper presents objectives, methods and the empirical basis of the international working group InterPIG. The members of the group act within an informal network as a base for a mutual exchange of data needed for a unique way to annually calculate the costs of pig production and to analyse their determinants. The working paper informs on the contributions of the members to the network, explains the method for calculating the production costs and presents results of 2006. Further, it shows how InterPIG can react to rapid price changes like the increase of the feed prices during 2007.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Zusammenfassung: Dieser Arbeitsbericht stellt Ziele, Methode und...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Piglet production; Pig fattening; Relation of costs and returns; International comparison of costs; Livestock Production/Industries; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q12; Q16; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102573
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Decision Support Systems in Australian Agriculture: State of the Art and Future Development AgEcon
Nguyen, Nam C.; Wegener, Malcolm K.; Russell, Iean W..
This paper reports and discusses the results of a survey conducted with experts working in the field of decision support systems (DSS) in Australian agriculture. It also reviews the literature on DSS in the light of these experts' responses. The findings from this survey have consolidated our understanding of the current state of DSS in Australian agriculture. The uptake of DSS by farmers has been slow and various issues said to be contributing to this include fear of using computers, time constraints, poor marketing, complexity, lack of local relevance, lack of end-user involvement, and mismatched objectives between developers and users. The future prospect for the development of DSS was generally regarded to be poor. Never-the-less, the authors believe...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: DSS; Farmers' decision-making; Expert opinion; Management decisions; Farm Management; D7; D8; Q12; Q13; Q16.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25581
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Comparative Analysis of the Safe Training Performance about Farmers Use Pesticide -Sichuan Province of China as an example AgEcon
Wenting, Song; Xinhong, Fu; Deping, Xiong; Yan, Wang; Lian, Huang.
The Ministry of Agriculture of People’s Republic of China put in practice in non-hazardous food production and high-toxicity pesticides elimination, which aim at human, food and environmental safety. To investigate 491 farmers in Sichuan Province, the paper analyzes comparatively training content, fixed-point samples, different areas and training influence. The training content focuses on pesticide purchase, label reading, personal protection, container disposal, sprayer maintenance and sprayer cleaning. The results of SPSS statistical software show that there is a significant difference in 30 fixed-point samples between before and after training, and each index has obvious performance. And the results of component score and comprehensive scores of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Training performance; Farmers; Pesticide; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Q16.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49973
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Winners and Losers: Formula versus Competitive Funding of Agricultural Research AgEcon
Huffman, Wallace E.; Norton, George W.; Traxler, Greg; Frisvold, George B.; Foltz, Jeremy D..
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O3; O4; Q16.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94367
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Current Contribution of Four Biotechnologies to New Zealand's Primary Sector AgEcon
Kaye-Blake, William; Saunders, Caroline M.; Emanuelsson, Martin.
Over the last several decades, changes to production technologies have significantly increased output from the primary sector. The contribution of improved genetics has been variously estimated, and the impacts of genetic engineering have received much attention. The present research estimated the economic impact of four modern biotechnologies (other than genetic engineering) on the primary sector. Information from interviews with key informants was incorporated into a cost-benefit analysis to estimate these impacts. The net contribution was estimated at $266 million per year, with impacts spread unevenly through the sector and across biotechnologies.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cost-benefit analysis; Marker assisted selection; New Zealand; Primary production; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O30; Q16.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25411
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Testing Nonlinear Logit Models of Performance Effectiveness Ratings: Cooperative Extension and Organic Farmers AgEcon
Lohr, Luanne; Park, Timothy A..
Survey evidence from U.S. organic farmers is evaluated to identify the factors influencing effectiveness ratings of cooperative extension advisors by organic farmers. A nonlinear logit model is specified for the ratings provided by organic producers, and critical demographic and management factors that influence the ratings are identified. The impact of the organic farmers’ status in transitioning to organic production is highlighted. The results indicate that part-time, newer adopters of organic farming methods are more likely to rate extension service providers as effective providers of information. Scenarios to predict extension effectiveness when interacting with specific groups of organic farmers are developed.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Cooperative extension; Nonlinear logit model; Organic farming; Performance ratings; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis; C25; Q16; Q01.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47206
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Industry Speaks Strategies for Solving the Food Inflation Problem AgEcon
Neves, Marcos Fava.
This article addresses some of the partial truths and misinformation in media reporting over the booming food prices debate. Many studies are only linking biofuels to the inflation cause, while ignoring several other factors such as the growth of the world population, economic development and income distribution. An overview of the causes is discussed and 10 strategies proposed which policy makers, governments, and organizations can adapt to move the world forward towards long-term sustainability.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Food crisis; Bio-fuels; Strategy; Sustainability; Problem solving; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q16; Q27.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53731
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How Large Are the Welfare Gains from Technological Innovation Induced by Environmental Policies? AgEcon
Parry, Ian W.H.; Pizer, William A.; Fischer, Carolyn.
This paper examines whether the welfare gains from technological innovation that reduces future abatement costs are larger or smaller than the "Pigouvian" welfare gains from optimal pollution control. The relative welfare gains from innovation depend on three key factors - the initially optimal level of abatement, the speed at which innovation reduces future abatement costs, and the discount rate. We calculate the welfare gains from innovation under a variety of different scenarios. Mostly they are less than the Pigouvian welfare gains. To be greater, innovation must reduce abatement costs substantially and quickly and the initially optimal abatement level must be fairly modest.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Innovation; Welfare; Regulation; Endogenous; Technological; Change; R&D; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q16; Q28; O32; O33.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10621
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GUIDE FOR PROGRAM EVALUATION AgEcon
Roucan-Kane, Maud; Suttles, Joseph.
Extension programs must be evaluated in order to assess their value to participants, institutions, funders, and all other stakeholders. Evaluations can be especially useful when the program has specific objectives that are measurable, either qualitatively and quantitatively. There are many different methods and formats for evaluation, and choosing the correct evaluation can be critical to ensuring the accuracy and relevance of the evaluation results. Considerable thought must be put into determining the correct method for an evaluation, and they must always be focused on the specific objectives of the extension program. After administering an evaluation, the results should be communicated back to the stakeholders of the program in an effective manner...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Extension program; Evaluation; LOGIC; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Q16; I21; I23.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48538
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Land Degradation in Ethiopia: What Do Stoves Have To Do With It? AgEcon
Gebreegziabher, Zenebe; van Kooten, G. Cornelis; van Soest, Daan P..
In Ethiopia deforestation is a major problem and many peasants have switched from fuelwood to dung for cooking and heating purposes, thereby damaging the agricultural productivity of cropland. The Ethiopian government has embarked on a two-pronged policy in an effort to stem deforestation and the degradation of agricultural lands: (i) tree planting or afforestation; (ii) dissemination of more efficient stove technologies. The motivation in here is, therefore, to examine the potential of the strategy of disseminating improved stoves in the rehabilitation of agricultural and forests lands. For empirical analysis we used a dataset on cross-section of 200 farm households from the highlands of Tigrai, northern Ethiopia. We used a two-step procedure reminiscent...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Land degradation; Technology adoption; Fuel-savings efficiency; Stoves; Ethiopia; Land Economics/Use; Q12; Q16; Q24.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25563
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The Environment for Scholarship in Agricultural Economics Extension AgEcon
Doye, Damona G..
Although opportunities and challenges for the Cooperative Extension Service have been addressed in the agricultural economics literature, little attention has been paid to the extension scholar. This article relates Boyer’s scholarship concepts and subsequent scholarship assessment articles to agricultural economics extension and describes some unique features of the extension scholar’s operating environment. Organizational framework, leadership, staffing, funding, accountability, and evaluation are addressed. Data from a survey of agricultural economics department heads are used to supplement personal experience in describing the current operating environment and constraints for extension scholars.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Extension; Scholarship; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Q16.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43756
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The Effect of Social Capital on the Choice to Use Sustainable Agricultural Practices AgEcon
Munasib, Abdul B.A.; Jordan, Jeffrey L..
We investigate whether social capital in the form of community involvement affects farmers’ choice to use sustainable agricultural practices. Using associational memberships as a measure of community involvement we study its effects on agricultural practices among Georgia farmers. Our findings show that, first, community involvement had a positive effect on the decision to adopt sustainable agricultural practices, and, secondly, it also had a positive effect on the extent to which farmers adopt these practices. These findings establish an additional dimension to the benefits that would accrue to policies that promote social interaction and civic engagement in rural areas.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Adoption; Associational memberships; Community involvement; Social capital; Sustainable agriculture; Environmental Economics and Policy; Production Economics; Z1; Q16; Q56.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104619
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Profitability of and Reasons for Adopting Automatic Milking Systems AgEcon
Latvala, Terhi; Pyykkonen, Perttu.
Adopting an automatic milking system (AMS) on a dairy farm decreases the hours spent on animal husbandry by approximately 30 per cent. When comparing a milking parlour and the AM-system, the main economic benefit clearly results from the decrease in labour costs in automatic milking. In terms of economic profitability, the net profit in AM-system remains above that of the milking parlour system. On dairy farms the main reasons for adopting automatic milking are linked to the workload and physical loading. A more flexible working time distributes the workload evenly during busy cultivation periods. More flexible leisure time is also important. Producers also want to enhance the welfare and health of the animals by increasing the milking frequency of highly...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Automatic milking system; Profitability; Labour costs; Livestock Production/Industries; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24534
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