|
|
|
Registros recuperados: 205 | |
|
|
Farzin, Y. Hossein; Grogan, Kelly A.. |
We investigate the relationships between water quality and socioeconomic factors in California at the county level for the years 1993 to 2006 using 24 water quality indicators coming from seven different types of water bodies. We estimate these relationships using three classes of models: the traditional per capita income-pollution level - Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) - specifications, a more inclusive model containing main socioeconomic variables such as agricultural intensity, land use, ethnic composition, population density and educational attainment, and a model that includes the socioeconomic variables while accounting for spatial correlations too. For most water quality indicators, we do not find support for EKC specifications. For pollutants... |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Water Quality Indicators; Socioeconomic Variables; EKC; Agriculture; Industry; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q53; Q56; Q58; C23. |
Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115721 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
Sauer, Johannes; Walsh, John. |
The overall aim of this study is to empirically investigate the cost structure of a management agreement type agri-environmental instrument and to identify factors for cost variation over space and time. We control for the actual level of compliance by using compliance weighted average scheme cost ratios. Beside technological and economic performance measures, we also incorporate risk proxies. In addition, we consider unobserved heterogeneity or path dependency with respect to unknown administrative, spatial and farm specific factors. Hence, we try to disentangle random and fixed scheme cost effects by applying a bootstrapped mixed-effects regression approach using the empirical case of the Environmental Stewardship Scheme in the UK. Regional and sectoral... |
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem Services; Scheme Cost; Risk; Mixed-Effects Regression; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q18; Q57; Q58. |
Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91731 |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Jiahua, Pan; Yan, Zheng; Markandya, Anil. |
Climate change poses great risks for China, which makes adaptation an essential response. However, adaptation planning and implementation are still at a preliminary stage with respect to the theoretical framework and methodology. This article focuses on the status, problems and basic needs as regards adaptation to climate change, and outlines the operational framework that the government is seeking to pursue for China’s adapting to climate change. The conclusion is that, to satisfy the basic needs of development, it is necessary to clarify development-oriented and incremental adaptation. Furthermore measures to enhance adaptive capacity can be classified as infrastructure-based, technology-based and institutional. Lastly the authors stress the importance... |
Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Incremental adaptation; Development-oriented adaptation; Approaches for adaptation; Economic analysis of adaptation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q54; Q56; Q58. |
Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117619 |
| |
|
|
Calel, Raphael; Dechezlepretre, Antoine. |
The European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) has aimed to encourage the development of low-carbon technologies by putting a price on carbon emissions. Using a newly constructed data set that links 8.5 million European companies with their patenting history and their regulatory status under EU ETS, we investigate the hypothesis that the EU ETS has encouraged development of low-carbon technologies. Exploratory data analysis reveals a rapid increase in low-carbon patenting activities at the EPO since 2005, especially among EU ETS regulated companies during the Scheme's second phase. Naive estimates obtained by comparing EU ETS and non-EU ETS firms suggest that the Scheme may be responsible for up to 30% of the increase in low-carbon patenting of... |
Tipo: Working Paper |
Palavras-chave: Directed Technological Change; EU Emissions Trading Scheme; Policy Evaluation; Q54; Q58. |
Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122867 |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
McEvoy, David M.; Stranlund, John K.. |
Although the theoretical literature on the performance of voluntary approaches to environmental protection has progressed quite far in the last decade, no one has rigorously addressed the obvious point that even voluntary emissions control policies must be enforced. This paper examines the consequences of the need for costly enforcement of voluntary environmental agreements with industries on the ability of these agreements to meet regulatory objectives, the levels of industry participation with these agreements, and the relative efficiency of voluntary and regulatory approaches. We find that enforcement costs that are borne by the members of a voluntary emissions control agreement limit the circumstances under which an agreement can form in place of an... |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Voluntary agreements; Self-enforcing agreements; Emissions tax; Enforcement; Environmental Economics and Policy; L51; Q58. |
Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7382 |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Walls, Margaret; Safirova, Elena. |
In this paper, we review 20 relatively recent empirical studies of telecommuting, all of which focus on the trip reduction perspective. The studies include earlier ones with smaller datasets, such as some pilot studies of individual employers, and more recent studies based on broader surveys of both telecommuters and nontelecommuters. We focus on the results of the studies with respect to participation and frequency of telecommuting, the effects on vehicle-miles-traveled (VMT) and trips, and in some cases, the impacts on emissions and air quality. Although there does not seem to be a consensus, there is a predominant view that certain factors increase both the likelihood of telecommuting and the frequency of telecommuting. These factors are having children... |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Telecommuting; Mode choice; Air quality; Emissions; Labor and Human Capital; R4; Q53; Q58. |
Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10492 |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Gimenez, Agustin; Castano, Jose Pedro; Baethgen, Walter E.; Lanfranco, Bruno A.. |
El presente trabajo presenta un resumen de información sobre cambio climático observado en Uruguay y la región y posibles escenarios futuros. Dicha información se basa fundamentalmente en estudios conducidos y finalizados recientemente (2005-2009) en el país, en el marco del programa “Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation to Climate Change” (AIACC-START, TWAS, GEF) ( AIACC, 2006), en el “Análisis de la Estadística Climática y Desarrollo y Evaluación de Escenarios Climáticos e Hidrológicos de las principales Cuencas Hidrográficas del Uruguay y la Zona Costera” (Unidad de Cambio Climático de la DINAMA del MVOTMA de Uruguay, PNUD, GEF, 2005), en el estudio de “Identificación de Posibles Impactos del Cambio Climático en la Producción de Pasturas Naturales y de... |
Tipo: Book |
Palavras-chave: Global warming; Agriculture and livestock production; Public policy; Extreme climate events.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Q01; Q54; Q55; Q58. |
Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121759 |
| |
|
|
Pommeret, Aude; Prieur, Fabien. |
The design of environmental policy typically takes place within a framework in which uncertainty over the future impact of pollution and two different kinds of irreversibilities interact. The first kind of irreversibility concerns the sunk cost of environmental degradation; the second is related to the sunk cost of environmental policy. Clearly, the two irreversibilities pull in opposite directions: policy irreversibility leads to more pollution and a less/later policy while environmental irreversibility generates less pollution and a more/sooner policy. Using a real option approach and an infinite time horizon model, this paper considers both irreversibilities simultaneously. The model first is developed by paying particular attention to the option values... |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Policy; Environmental Irreversibility; Policy Irreversibility; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q58; D81. |
Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50359 |
| |
Registros recuperados: 205 | |
|
|
|