SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Effect of heat and moisture exchangers on the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients

Ano: 2019

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2019000200901

Auxiliadora-Martins,M.; Menegueti,M.G.; Nicolini,E.A.; Alkmim-Teixeira,G.C.; Bellissimo-Rodrigues,F.; Martins-Filho,O.A.; Basile-Filho,A..

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) remains one of the major causes of infection in the intensive care unit (ICU) and is associated with the length of hospital stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, and use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. We compared the frequency of VAP 10 months prior to (pre-intervention group) and 13 months after (post-intervention group) initiation of the use of a heat and moisture exchanger (HME) filter. This is a study with prospective before-and-after design performed in the ICU in a tertiary university hospital. Three hundred and fourteen patients were admitted to the ICU under mechanical ventilation, 168 of whom were included in group HH (heated humidifier) and 146 in group HME. The frequency of VAP per 1000 ventilator-days...

Gap effect and reaction time distribution: simple vs choice manual responses

Palavras-chave: Heat and moisture exchanger; Ventilator-associated pneumonia; Quality improvement; Nosocomial infection; Critically ill patients.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012001200027

Machado-Pinheiro,W.; Gawryszewski,L.G.; Ribeiro-do-Valle,L.E..

It is well known that saccadic reaction times (SRT) are reduced when the target is preceded by the offset of the fixation point (FP) - the gap effect. Some authors have proposed that the FP offset also allows the saccadic system to generate a separate population of SRT, the express saccades. Nevertheless, there is no agreement as to whether the gap effect and express responses are also present for manual reaction times (MRT). We tested the gap effect and the MRT distribution in two different conditions, i.e., simple and choice MRT. In the choice MRT condition, subjects need to identify the side of the stimulus and to select the appropriate response, while in the simple MRT these stages are not necessary. We report that the gap effect was present in both...

High expression of human carboxypeptidase M in Pichia pastoris: Purification and partial characterization

Palavras-chave: Attention; Reaction time; Gap effect; Vision; Express responses.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998001000012

Craveiro,R.B.; Ramalho,J.D.; Chagas,J.R.; Wang,P.H.M.; Casarini,D.E.; Pesquero,J.L.; Araújo,R.C.; Pesquero,J.B..

Carboxypeptidase M (CPM) is an extracellular glycosylphosphatidyl-inositol-anchored membrane glycoprotein, which removes the C-terminal basic residues, lysine and arginine, from peptides and proteins at neutral pH. CPM plays an important role in the control of peptide hormones and growth factor activity on the cell surface. The present study was carried out to clone and express human CPM in the yeast Pichia pastoris in order to evaluate the importance of this enzyme in physiological and pathological processes. The cDNA for the enzyme was amplified from total placental RNA by RT-PCR and cloned in the vector pPIC9, which uses the methanol oxidase promoter and drives the expression of high levels of heterologous proteins in P. pastoris. The cpm gene, after...

Analysis of trophic responses in lesioned brain: focus on basic fibroblast growth factor mechanisms

Palavras-chave: Kinins; Human carboxypeptidase M; Recombinant protein; Pichia pastoris.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006000200007

Chadi,G.; Fuxe,K..

The actions of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), particularly the basic form (bFGF), have been described in a large number of cells and include mitogenicity, angiogenicity and wound repair. The present review discusses the presence of the bFGF protein and messenger RNA as well as the presence of the FGF receptor messenger RNA in the rodent brain by means of semiquantitative radioactive in situ hybridization in combination with immunohistochemistry. Chemical and mechanical injuries to the brain trigger a reduction in neurotransmitter synthesis and neuronal death which are accompanied by astroglial reaction. The altered synthesis of bFGF following brain lesions or stimulation was analyzed. Lesions of the central nervous system trigger bFGF gene expression by...

Exogenous normal lymph alleviates microcirculation disturbances and abnormal hemorheological properties in rats with disseminated intravascular coagulation

Palavras-chave: Radioautography; In situ hybridization; Basic fibroblast growth factor; FGF receptor; Astrocyte; Image analysis; Central nervous system; Brain lesion.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998000200007

Niu,Chun-Yu; Zhao,Zi-Gang; Zhang,Yu-Ping; Hou,Ya-Li; Li,Jun-Jie; Jiang,Hua; Zhang,Jing.

Disturbances of the microcirculation and abnormal hemorheological properties are important factors that play an important role in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and result in organ dysfunction or failure. In the present study, we established an animal model of DIC using intravenous Dextran 500 in rats, and used exogenous normal lymph corresponding to 1/15 of whole blood volume for injection through the left jugular vein. We found that normal lymph could improve the blood pressure and survival time of rats with DIC. The results regarding the mesenteric microcirculation showed that the abnormality of the diameter of mesenteric microvessels and micro-blood flow speed in the DIC+lymph group was significantly less than in the DIC+saline group....

Corticosteroids in acute respiratory distress syndrome

Palavras-chave: Disseminated intravascular coagulation; Lymph; Mesenteric microcirculation; Hemorheology; Dextran 500.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2013000200138

Fernandes,A.B.S.; Zin,W.A.; Rocco,P.R.M..

Improving the course and outcome of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome presents a challenge. By understanding the immune status of a patient, physicians can consider manipulating proinflammatory systems more rationally. In this context, corticosteroids could be a therapeutic tool in the armamentarium against acute respiratory distress syndrome. Corticosteroid therapy has been studied in three situations: prevention in high-risk patients, early treatment with high-dose, short-course therapy, and prolonged therapy in unresolving cases. There are differences between the corticosteroid trials of the past and recent trials: today, treatment starts 2-10 days after disease onset in patients that failed to improve; in the past, the corticosteroid...

MicroRNA-340-5p modulates cisplatin resistance by targeting LPAATβ in osteosarcoma

Palavras-chave: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; Collagen; Cytokine; Methylprednisolone; Experimental models; Clinical trials.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005000200003

Carotid intima-media thickness and plaques in internal carotid artery as surrogate markers of lower limb arterial lesions in Chinese patients with diabetic foot

Song,L.; Duan,P.; Gan,Y.; Li,P.; Zhao,C.; Xu,J.; Zhang,Z.; Zhou,Q..

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in drug resistance and modulate the efficiency of chemotherapy. A recent study indicated that miR-340 functions as a tumor suppressor in various types of cancer. However, the role of miR-340 in chemotherapy has not been reported yet. In this study, we found that miR-340 enhanced cisplatin (CDDP)-induced cell death. Induction of miR-340-5p expression decreased the IC50 of CDDP and increased the apoptosis of CDDP-resistant MG-63 and Saos-2 cells. Moreover, miR-340-5p decreased the accumulation of MRP1 and MDR1. We further explored the mechanism underlying the promoting effects of miR-340-5p on CDDP-induced cell death. We identified a potential target of miR-340 in the 3′ untranslated region of lysophosphatidic acid...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report

Palavras-chave: Sensitivity to cisplatin; LPAATβ; MiR-340-5p; Osteosarcoma.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2017000500606

Zhang,Mei; Wen,Xiaorong; Zhou,Chenyun; Huang,Jing; He,Ying.

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) can impair healing of diabetic foot (DF) in patients with diabetes mellitus. To determine whether carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) can predict lower limb arterial lesions in patients with DF, this cross-sectional study enrolled patients with DF at West China Hospital (China) between January 2012 and December 2015. Ultrasonography was used to measure CIMT, assess the internal carotid arteries (ICA) for plaques, and evaluate lower limb segmental arteries for stenosis. The optimal CIMT cutoff for detecting lower limb PAD was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Factors associated with PAD were identified by logistic regression analyses. A total of 167 patients (mean age: 69.7±10.3 years;...

Activation of neural cholecystokinin-1 receptors induces relaxation of the isolated rat duodenum which is reduced by nitric oxide synthase inhibitors

Palavras-chave: Diabetes mellitus; Diabetic foot; Carotid artery; Intima-media thickness; Plaque; Peripheral arterial disease.

Ano: 2019

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2019000700611

Martins,S.R.; de Oliveira,R.B.; Ballejo,G..

Cholecystokinin (CCK) influences gastrointestinal motility, by acting on central and peripheral receptors. The aim of the present study was to determine whether CCK has any effect on isolated duodenum longitudinal muscle activity and to characterize the mechanisms involved. Isolated segments of the rat proximal duodenum were mounted for the recording of isometric contractions of longitudinal muscle in the presence of atropine and guanethidine. CCK-8S (EC50: 39; 95% CI: 4.1-152 nM) and cerulein (EC50: 58; 95% CI: 18-281 nM) induced a concentration-dependent and tetrodotoxin-sensitive relaxation. Nomeganitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG) reduced CCK-8S- and cerulein-induced relaxation (IC50: 5.2; 95% CI: 2.5-18 µM) in a concentration-dependent manner. The magnitude...

Effect of pre-exercise carbohydrate availability on fat oxidation and energy expenditure after a high-intensity exercise

Palavras-chave: CCK; CCK receptor subtype 1; Proximal duodenum; Myenteric neurons; Nitric oxide.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006000200014

Ferreira,G.A.; Felippe,L.C.; Silva,R.L.S.; Bertuzzi,R.; De Oliveira,F.R.; Pires,F.O.; Lima-Silva,A.E..

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that reduced pre-exercise carbohydrate (CHO) availability potentiates fat oxidation after an exhaustive high-intensity exercise bout. Eight physically active men underwent a high-intensity exercise (∼95% V̇O2max) until exhaustion under low or high pre-exercise CHO availability. The protocol to manipulate pre-exercise CHO availability consisted of a 90-min cycling bout at ∼70% V̇O2max + 6 × 1-min at 125% V̇O2max with 1-min rest, followed by 48 h under a low- (10% CHO, low-CHO availability) or high-CHO diet (80% CHO, high-CHO availability). Time to exhaustion was shorter and energy expenditure (EE) lower during the high-intensity exercise in low- compared to high-CHO availability (8.6±0.8 and 11.4±1.6 min, and...

Inhibitory effect of the Pseudobrickellia brasiliensis (Spreng) R.M. King & H. Rob. aqueous extract on human lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-γ and TNF-α production in vitro

Palavras-chave: Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption; Fat oxidation; Carbohydrate oxidation; Diet manipulation; Aerobic metabolism.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2018000500617

Almeida,V.G.; Avelar-Freitas,B.A.; Santos,M.G.; Costa,L.A.; Silva,T.J.; Pereira,W.F.; Amorim,M.L.L.; Grael,C.F.F.; Gregório,L.E.; Rocha-Vieira,E.; Brito-Melo,G.E.A..

Pseudobrickellia brasiliensis (Asteraceae) is a plant commonly known as arnica-do-campo and belongs to the native flora of the Brazilian Cerrado. The alcoholic extract of the plant has been used as an anti-inflammatory agent in folk medicine, but the biological mechanism of action has not been elucidated. The present study evaluated the composition of P. brasiliensis aqueous extract and its effects on pro-inflammatory cytokine production and lymphocyte proliferation. The extracts were prepared by sequential maceration of P. brasiliensis leaves in ethanol, ethyl acetate, and water. Extract cytotoxicity was evaluated by trypan blue exclusion assay, and apoptosis and necrosis were measured by staining with annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide. The ethanolic...

Cytokine profile and nitric oxide levels in sera from patients with brucellosis

Palavras-chave: Cytokines; Lymphocyte proliferation; Luteolin; Medicinal plant; Pseudobrickellia brasiliensis; Quinic acid.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2017000800603

Refik,M.; Mehmet,N.; Durmaz,R.; Ersoy,Y..

The aims of this study were to investigate the serum levels of some cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1ß (IL-1ß), IL-2R, IL-6, and IL-8] and nitric oxide (NO) levels in patients with untreated brucellosis and to test the correlation of these parameters with each other. The study was conducted on 67 subjects, 37 patients with brucellosis and 30 healthy individuals with no history of Brucella infection. Brucellosis was identified by a positive blood culture and/or increased Brucella antibodies in serological tests in addition to compatible clinical symptoms. Cytokine profile analysis was performed by the immulite chemiluminescent enzyme immunometric assay whose inter- and intra-assay coefficients of variance were 2.6-3.6 and...

Gender differences in vascular expression of endothelin and ET A/ET B receptors, but not in calcium handling mechanisms, in deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt hypertension

Palavras-chave: Human brucellosis; Cytokines; Nitric oxide; Interleukin-2; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2004001100010

David,F.L.; Montezano,A.C.I.; Rebouças,N.A.; Nigro,D.; Fortes,Z.B.; Carvalho,M.H.C.; Tostes,R.C.A..

We determined if the increased vascular responsiveness to endothelin-1 (ET-1) observed in male, but not in female, DOCA-salt rats is associated with differential vascular mRNA expression of ET-1 and/or ET A/ET B receptors or with functional differences in Ca2+ handling mechanisms by vascular myocytes. Uninephrectomized male and female Wistar rats received DOCA and drinking water containing NaCl/KCl. Control rats received vehicle and tap water. Blood pressure and contractile responses of endothelium-denuded aortic rings to agents which induce Ca2+ influx and/or its release from internal stores were measured using standard procedures. Expression of mRNA for ET-1 and ET A/ET B receptors was evaluated by RT-PCR after isolation of total cell RNA from both aorta...

Arachidonic acid triggers an oxidative burst in leukocytes

Palavras-chave: DOCA-salt hypertension; Endothelin-1; Gender; Endothelin receptors; Calcium; Rats.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002000900006

Pompeia,C.; Cury-Boaventura,M.F.; Curi,R..

The change in cellular reducing potential, most likely reflecting an oxidative burst, was investigated in arachidonic acid- (AA) stimulated leukocytes. The cells studied included the human leukemia cell lines HL-60 (undifferentiated and differentiated into macrophage-like and polymorphonuclear-like cells), Jurkat and Raji, and thymocytes and macrophages from rat primary cultures. The oxidative burst was assessed by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction. AA increased the oxidative burst until an optimum AA concentration was reached and the burst decreased thereafter. In the leukemia cell lines, optimum concentration ranged from 200 to 400 µM (up to 16-fold), whereas in rat cells it varied from 10 to 20 µM. Initial rates of superoxide generation were high,...

Role of bradykinin in postprandial hypotension in humans

Palavras-chave: Arachidonic acid; NADPH oxidase; Nitroblue tetrazolium; Leukocytes; Reactive oxygen species.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003001100013

Tumilero,S.; Gallo Jr.,L.; Foss,M.C.; Gouveia,L.M.F.; Reis,M.L.; Rothschild,A.M..

A transient significant decrease in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) from 107 ± 3 to 98 ± 3 mmHg (P<0.05) was observed in elderly (59-69 years of age), healthy volunteers 25-30 min following ingestion of a test meal. In young volunteers (22-34 years of age), a postprandial decrease of MAP from 88 ± 3 to 83 ± 4 mmHg was also noted but it was not statistically significant. A 40% decrease in bradykinin (BK) content of circulatory high molecular weight kininogen had previously been observed in human subjects given the same test meal. We presently demonstrate by specific ELISA that the stable pentapeptide metabolite (1-5 BK) of BK increases from 2.5 ± 1.0 to 11.0 ± 2.5 pg/ml plasma (P<0.05) in elderly volunteers and from 2.0 ± 1.0 to 10.3 ± 3.2...

Hydrolysis of xylans by enzyme systems from solid cultures of Trichoderma harzianum strains

Palavras-chave: Bradykinin; Postprandial hypotension; Indocyanine green; Captopril; 1-5 bradykinin.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1999000600015

Silveira,F.Q.P.; Ximenes,F.A.; Cacais,A.O.G.; Milagres,A.M.F.; Medeiros,C.L.; Puls,J.; Filho,E.X.F..

Xylanase activity was isolated from crude extracts of Trichoderma harzianum strains C and 4 grown at 28oC in a solid medium containing wheat bran as the carbon source. Enzyme activity was demonstrable in the permeate after ultrafiltration of the crude extracts using an Amicon system. The hydrolysis patterns of different xylans and paper pulps by xylanase activity ranged from xylose, xylobiose and xylotriose to higher xylooligosaccharides. A purified ß-xylosidase from the Trichoderma harzianum strain released xylose, xylobiose and xylotriose from seaweed, deacetylated, oat spelt and birchwood xylans. The purified enzyme was not active against acetylated xylan and catalyzed the hydrolysis of xylooligosaccharides, including xylotriose, xylotetraose and...

Effects of mercury intoxication on the response of horizontal cells of the retina of thraira fish (Hoplias malabaricus)

Palavras-chave: Trichoderma; Xylan; Xylanase.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1999000800003

Tanan,C.L.; Ventura,D.F.; de Souza,J.M.; Grotzner,S.R.; Mela,M.; Gouveia Jr.,A.; Oliveira-Ribeiro,C.A..

Methyl mercury (MeHg) is highly neurotoxic, affecting visual function in addition to other central nervous system functions. The effect of mercury intoxication on the amplitude of horizontal cell responses to light was studied in the retina of the fish Hoplias malabaricus. Intracellular responses were recorded from horizontal cells of fish previously intoxicated with MeHg by intraperitoneal injection (IP group) or by trophic exposure (T group). Only one retina per fish was used. The doses of MeHg chloride administered to the IP group were 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 1.0, 2.0, and 6.0 mg/kg. The amplitudes of the horizontal cell responses were lower than control in individuals exposed to 0.01 (N = 4 retinas), 0.05 (N = 2 retinas) and 0.1 mg/kg (N = 1 retina), whereas...

Blood flow measurements in rats using four color microspheres during blockade of different vasopressor systems

Palavras-chave: Methyl mercury; Horizontal cells; Electrophysiology; Hoplias malabaricus; Retina.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006000700017

De Angelis,K.; Gama,V.M.; Farah,V.A.M.; Irigoyen,M.C..

The use of colored microspheres to adequately evaluate blood flow changes under different circumstances in the same rat has been validated with a maximum of three different colors due to methodological limitations. The aim of the present study was to validate the use of four different colors measuring four repeated blood flow changes in the same rat to assess the role of vasopressor systems in controlling arterial pressure (AP). Red (150,000), white (200,000), yellow (150,000), and blue (200,000) colored microspheres were infused into the left ventricle of 6 male Wistar rats 1) at rest and 2) after vasopressin (aAVP, 10 µg/kg, iv), 3) renin-angiotensin (losartan, 10 mg/kg, iv), and 4) sympathetic system blockade (hexamethonium, 20 mg/kg, iv) to determine...

The 42-kDa coat protein of Andean potato mottle virus acts as a transcriptional activator in yeast

Palavras-chave: Colored microspheres; Arterial pressure; Sympathetic system; Renin-angiotensin; Vasopressin; Local blood flow measurement.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005000100018

Vidal,M.S.; Margis,R..

Interactions of viral proteins play an important role in the virus life cycle, especially in capsid assembly. Andean potato mottle comovirus (APMoV) is a plant RNA virus with a virion formed by two coat proteins (CP42 and CP22). Both APMoV coat protein open reading frames were cloned into pGBT9 and pGAD10, two-hybrid system vectors. HF7c yeast cells transformed with the p9CP42 construct grew on yeast dropout selection media lacking tryptophan and histidine. Clones also exhibited ß-galactosidase activity in both qualitative and quantitative assays. These results suggest that CP42 protein contains an amino acid motif able to activate transcription of His3 and lacZ reporter genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Several deletions of the CP42 gene were cloned into...