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| Registros recuperados: 172 | |
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| Raik, Daniela B; Cornell University; dbr23@cornell.edu; Decker, Daniel J; Cornell University; djd6@cornell.edu. |
| Community-based forest management has proliferated throughout Africa as national governments have decentralized the administration of public forestry. Community-based forestry has taken multiple forms, depending on the assortment of land-tenure systems, forest-use norms, wood demand, and social organization, among others factors. Nature, Wealth, and Power is an analytical framework that has been developed from experiences in natural resource management in Africa. In this paper, we amend the framework to People, Nature, Wealth, and Power (PNWP), and propose it as an analytical lens for community-based forest management initiatives. We use the PNWP framework to assess the responsiveness of contractual forest management in the Menabe region of Madagascar to... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Community-based forest management; Decentralization; Forestry; Madagascar. |
| Ano: 2007 |
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| Moon, Katie; Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra; School of Business, University of New South Wales; katieamoon@gmail.com; Brewer, Tom D.; Northern Institute, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia; Australian Institute of Marine Science, Arafura Timor Research Facility, Brinkin, Northern Territory, Australia; tomdbrewer@gmail.com; Adams, Vanessa M.; University of Queensland, School of Biological Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; v.adams@uq.edu.au; Blackman, Deborah A.; School of Business, University of New South Wales; d.blackman@adfa.edu.au. |
| A rise in qualitative social science manuscripts published in ecology and conservation journals speaks to the growing awareness of the importance of the human dimension in maintaining and improving Earth’s ecosystems. Given the rise in the quantity of qualitative social science research published in ecology and conservation journals, it is worthwhile quantifying the extent to which this research is meeting established criteria for research design, conduct, and interpretation. Through a comprehensive review of this literature, we aimed to gather and assess data on the nature and extent of information presented on research design published qualitative research articles, which could be used to judge research quality. Our review was based on 146... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Case study; Confirmability; Credibility; Dependability; Methods; Transferability. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Dale, Virginia H; Oak Ridge National Lab; dalevh@ornl.gov; Lowrance, Richard; USDA-ARS Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory; Richard.Lowrance@ars.usda.gov; Mulholland, Patrick; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; mulhollandpj@ornl.gov; Robertson, G Phillip; W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences, and Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center; Robertson@kbs.msu.edu. |
| The establishment of bioenergy crops will affect ecological processes and their interactions and thus has an influence on ecosystem services provided by the lands on which these crops are grown. The regional-scale effects of bioenergy choices on ecosystem services need special attention because they often have been neglected yet can affect the ecological, social, and economic aspects of sustainability. A regional-scale perspective provides the opportunity to maximize ecosystem services, particularly with regard to water quality and quantity issues, and also to consider other aspects of ecological, social, and economic sustainability. We give special attention to cellulosic feedstocks because of the opportunities they provide. |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Bioenergy crops; Ecosystem services; Landscape; Management. |
| Ano: 2010 |
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| Rosenberg, Andrew A.; University of New Hampshire; andy.rosenberg@unh.edu. |
| A central concept in a new direction for ocean policy in the United States is ecosystem-based management, that is, implementation of management integrated across sectors of human activity to achieve the common goal of conserving the structure and function of marine ecosystems to provide a full suite of ecosystem services. Fisheries are a critical sector of ocean activity that impacts these ecosystems, and fishery management is in urgent need of reform to perform better from a conservation perspective. Here, I suggest some specific changes in perspective for fishery management as part of an overall ecosystem-based approach. |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Fishery management; Marine conservation; Ocean policy. |
| Ano: 2009 |
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| Rojas, Fernanda; Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Austral de Chile; Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile; fernanda.rojas@uach.cl; Carmona, Alejandra; Centro de Ciencia del Clima y la Resiliencia (CR2); acarmonas@gmail.com. |
| A growing interest in mapping the social value of ecosystem services (ES) is not yet methodologically aligned with what is actually being mapped. We critically examine aspects of the social value mapping process that might influence map outcomes and limit their practical use in decision making. We rely on an empirical case of participatory mapping, for a single ES (recreation opportunities), which involves diverse stakeholders such as planners, researchers, and community representatives. Value elicitation relied on an individual open-ended interview and a mapping exercise. Interpretation of the narratives and GIS calculations of proximity, centrality, and dispersion helped in exploring the factors driving participants’ answers. Narratives reveal... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Cultural ecosystem services; Recreation opportunities; Social value mapping; Southern Chile. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Milne, Kyla M. G.; Nova Scotia Environment; milnekm@gov.ns.ca. |
| As governments struggle to find solutions to complex problems like climate change, policy makers look for tools that can capture complexity and elicit insight. I explored the application of one such tool, known as “SenseMaker,” in helping Canadian policy makers understand the factors that enable or hinder climate change adaptation in Canada. I have reflected on the usefulness of SenseMaker and of a multiperspective, multimethod approach to investigating perceptions and experiences of adaptation. The challenges and advantages of applying this analysis in government were explored, and data findings assessed for their impact on policy. Findings showed that although the approach has promise, further work and testing are needed before... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Climate adaptation; Complexity; SenseMaker; Sense making; Social psychology; Wicked problems. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Scheffer, Marten; Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University; Marten.Scheffer@wur.nl; Westley, Frances R; Waterloo Institute for Social Innovation and Resilience, University of Waterloo; fwestley@uwaterloo.ca; van Esso, Miguel L.; College of Agriculture, Buenos Aires University; vanesso@agro.uba.ar; Miller, John; Gray Jay Graphics, Wisconsin; grayjayart@charter.net; Bascompte, Jordi; Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich; jordi.bascompte@ieu.uzh.ch. |
| Scientific discoveries rely on creative thinking, and several authors have explored similarities in and differences between creativity in the sciences and that in the arts. Here we explore possible ways in which science can learn from the arts, focusing specifically on experiences derived from the art of magic and on the limitations of human cognition. Generations of stage magicians or “illusionists” have made sophisticated use of the weaknesses in human systems of perception and interpretation. We highlight three important principles of magic tricks, including: (1) the audience see what it expects, (2) it is blind to all but the focus of attention, and (3) ideas spring predictably from a primed mind. These principles highlight a number... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Art; Cognitive capacity; Cognitive limitations; Conclusion errors; Confirmation bias; Creative thinking; Illusion; Illusionist; Inattentive blindness; Magic; Magician; Priming; Science; Scientific discovery; Selective attention. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Folke, Carl; Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; Stockholm Resilience Center, Stockholm University; carl.folke@beijer.kva.se; Pritchard, Jr., Lowell; Evangelical Environmental Network; rusty@creationcare.org; Berkes, Fikret; University of Manitoba; berkes@cc.umanitoba.ca; Colding, Johan; Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; Stockholm Resilience Center, Stockholm University; johanc@beijer.kva.se; Svedin, Uno; Swedish Research Council for the Environment; uno.svedin@formas.se. |
| The problem of fit is about the interplay between the human and ecosystem dimensions in social-ecological systems that are not just linked but truly integrated. This interplay takes place across temporal and spatial scales and institutional and organizational levels in systems that are increasingly being interpreted as complex adaptive systems. In 1997, we were invited to produce one of three background papers related to a, at that time, new initiative called Institutional Dimensions of Global Environmental Change (IDEG), a research activity of the International Human Dimensions Program of Global Environmental Change (IHDP). The paper, which exists as a discussion paper of the IHDP, has generated considerable interest. Here we publish the original paper 10... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
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| Ano: 2007 |
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| Hotimsky, Samy; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia; s.hotimsky@uea.ac.uk; Cobb, Richard; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia; d.cobb@uea.ac.uk; Bond, Alan; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia; alan.bond@uea.ac.uk. |
| The impact of new institutionalism on the study of human environment interactions has been meaningful. Institutional perspectives have further shaped and modified the field problems of common pool resources, environmental hazards, and risk and environmental management. Given the relative potential of institutional theories to increase the comprehension of the various dimensions of human–environmental interactions, it has become increasingly important to attempt to consolidate different interpretations of what institutions are, and how they mediate and constrain possibilities for more successful environmental outcomes. This article focuses primarily on contending ontological perspectives on institutions and institutional change. It argues that... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Environmental change; Institutions; Ontology. |
| Ano: 2006 |
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| Frantzeskaki, Niki; DRIFT - Dutch Research Institute For Transitions, Erasmus University Rotterdam; n.frantzeskaki@drift.eur.nl; Pauleit, Stephan; Strategic Landscape Planning and Management, Technical University of Munich; pauleit@wzw.tum.de; Naumann, Sandra; Ecologic Institute, Berlin; sandra.naumann@ecologic.eu; Davis, McKenna; Ecologic Institute, Berlin; mckenna.davis@ecologic.eu; Artmann, Martina; Leibniz Institute of Ecological Urban and Regional Development (IOER), Dresden; Research Group Urban and Landscape Ecology, University of Salzburg; m.artmann@ioer.de; Knapp, Sonja; Department Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ; sonja.knapp@ufz.de; Korn, Horst; German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation; Horst.Korn@BfN.de; Stadler, Jutta; German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation; Jutta.Stadler@BfN.de; Zaunberger, Karin; European Commission, Environment Directorate General, Brussels; Karin.Zaunberger@ec.europa.eu; Bonn, Aletta; Department Ecosystem Services, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; aletta.bonn@idiv.de. |
| Nature-based solutions promoting green and blue urban areas have significant potential to decrease the vulnerability and enhance the resilience of cities in light of climatic change. They can thereby help to mitigate climate change-induced impacts and serve as proactive adaptation options for municipalities. We explore the various contexts in which nature-based solutions are relevant for climate mitigation and adaptation in urban areas, identify indicators for assessing the effectiveness of nature-based solutions and related knowledge gaps. In addition, we explore existing barriers and potential opportunities for increasing the scale and effectiveness of nature-based solution implementation. The results were derived from an inter- and transdisciplinary... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Cobenefits; Governance; Nature-based solutions; Urban areas. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Hughes, Francine M. R.; Animal and Environment Research Group, Department of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK; francine.hughes@anglia.ac.uk; Adams, William M.; Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; wa12@cam.ac.uk; Butchart, Stuart H. M.; BirdLife International, David Attenborough Building, Cambridge, UK; Department of Zoology, Cambridge, UK; Stuart.Butchart@birdlife.org; Field, Rob H.; RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, The Lodge, Sandy, Bedfordshire, UK; rob.field@rspb.org.uk; Peh, Kelvin S.-H.; Centre for Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; kelvin.peh@gmail.com; Warrington, Stuart; National Trust, Wicken Fen National Nature Reserve, Wicken, Cambridgeshire, UK; stuart.warrington@nationaltrust.org.uk. |
| There is an increasing emphasis on the restoration of ecosystem services as well as of biodiversity, especially where restoration projects are planned at a landscape scale. This increase in the diversity of restoration aims has a number of conceptual and practical implications for the way that restoration projects are monitored and evaluated. Landscape-scale projects require monitoring of not only ecosystem services and biodiversity but also of ecosystem processes since these can underpin both. Using the experiences gained at a landscape-scale wetland restoration project in the UK, we discuss a number of issues that need to be considered, including the choice of metrics for monitoring ecosystem services and the difficulties of assessing the interactions... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Ecosystem processes; Ecosystem services; Landscape-scale; Metrics; Monitoring; Restoration; Valuation; Wicken Fen. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Pine III, William E.; Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida; billpine@ufl.edu; Walters, Carl J.; University of British Columbia; c.walters@fisheries.ubc.ca; Camp, Edward V.; Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Program, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida; edvcamp@ufl.edu; Bouchillon, Rachel; School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Florida; rbouch@ufl.edu; Ahrens, Robert; Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Program, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida; rahrens@ufl.edu; Sturmer, Leslie; Shellfish Aquaculture Extension Program, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida; lnst@ufl.edu; Berrigan, Mark E.; Applied Aquaculture LLC; appliedaquaculture@gmail.com. |
| The Apalachicola Bay, Florida, eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) industry has annually produced about 10% of the U.S. oyster harvest. Today’s simple individual-operator, hand-tonging, small-vessel fishery is remarkably similar to the one that began in the 1800s. Unprecedented attention is currently being given to the status of oyster resources in Apalachicola Bay because this fishery has become central to the decision making related to multistate water disputes in the southeastern United States, as well as millions of dollars in funding for restoration programs related to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. The oyster fishery collapsed in 2012, leading to large economic losses and community concerns over the current and future status of oyster... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Apalachicola; Harvest management; Oysters; Restoration. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Shamoun-Baranes, Judy; Universiteit van Amsterdam; shamoun@uva.nl; Bouten, Willem; Universiteit van Amsterdam; w.bouten@uva.nl; Buurma, Luit; Bird Strike Fund; LuitBuurma@worldmail.nl; DeFusco, Russell; BASH Inc.; BirdManRuss@aol.com; Dekker, Arie; Royal Netherlands Air Force; a.dekker@mindef.nl; Sierdsema, Henk; SOVON, Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology; Henk.Sierdsema@sovon.nl; Sluiter, Floris; Universiteit van Amsterdam; fsluiter@science.uva.nl; van Belle, Jelmer; Royal Netherlands Air Force; jelmer.van.belle@hetnet.nl; van Gasteren, Hans; Royal Netherlands Air Force; JR.v.Gasteren@mindef.nl; van Loon, Emiel; Universiteit van Amsterdam; vanloon@uva.nl. |
| Collisions between aircraft and birds, so-called “bird strikes,” can result in serious damage to aircraft and even in the loss of lives. Information about the distribution of birds in the air and on the ground can be used to reduce the risk of bird strikes and their impact on operations en route and in and around air fields. Although a wealth of bird distribution and density data is collected by numerous organizations, these data are not readily available nor interpretable by aviation. This paper presents two national efforts, one in the Netherlands and one in the United States, to develop bird avoidance nodels for aviation. These models integrate data and expert knowledge on bird distributions and migratory behavior to provide hazard... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Birds; Distribution; Flight safety; Migration; Spatial modeling; Web services.. |
| Ano: 2008 |
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| Registros recuperados: 172 | |
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