SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Competitiveness of the Polish Food Sector after the accession to the European Union

Hogeland, Julie A..

The evolution of the federated relationship between local and regional cooperatives is examined from the perspective of local cooperatives’ need for commodity-based farm supplies and regional cooperatives’ identity as food companies. Because locals want many competing bids for the supplies they purchase, they resist a strong and close affiliation with regional cooperatives, which then find themselves with excess capacity. Regionals have responded by instituting tighter bonds with selected local cooperatives operating as "internal supply networks," in exchange for certain benefits. This adaptation reduces the impact of divergent goals among regionals and locals within the federated system.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Cooperatives; Federation; Networks; Competition; Regionalization.; Agribusiness.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44645

Szczepaniak, Iwona; Szczegolska, Monika.

The paper focuses on the competitiveness as a driving force of market economy. The analyses of the results of foreign trade in agricultural and food products confirm that Polish agro-food sector is well prepared for operation on the Common European Market. Food producers have taken advantage of their competitive edge, mainly in terms of pricing. Nevertheless, consumers form other EU countries also accept quality features of Polish food. However, in order to maintain their position on the Common European Market, Polish producers should attach even greater attention to the promotion of their products.

The Effects of Different Political Schemes on the Willingness to Invest, Firm Profitability and Economic Efficiency in the Dairy Sector - An Agent-Based Real Options Approach-

Palavras-chave: Competition; Competitive edge; Agricultural and food products; Foreign trade; Prices.; Agribusiness.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7802

Feil, Jan-Henning; Musshoff, Oliver; Balmann, Alfons.

In recent years, the dairy sector has been exposed to strong changes in general conditions and extreme fluctuations in milk prices. Farmers and lobbyists have therefore asked politicians for additional market regulation. In this paper an agent-based real options market model is developed, which allows the analysis of the effects of different political schemes on the willingness to invest, firm profitability and economic efficiency in the dairy sector. The model results show that political schemes generally increase the willingness to invest in competitive markets under consideration of real options effects. However, they do not offer any substantial financial benefits to the producers and can cause a significant reduction in welfare. Furthermore, the...

Two-Part Tariffs versus Linear Pricing Between Manufacturers and Retailers: Empirical Tests on Differentiated Products Markets

Palavras-chave: Real Options; Competition; Policy Impact Analysis; Dairy Sector; Agricultural and Food Policy; D81; Q12; Q18.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100039

Bonnet, Céline; Dubois, Pierre; Simioni, Michel.

We present a methodology allowing to introduce manufacturers and retailers vertical contracting in their pricing strategies on a differentiated product market. We consider in particular two types of non linear pricing relationships, one where resale price maintenance is used with two part tariffs contracts and one where no resale price maintenance is allowed in two part tariffs contracts. Our contribution allows to recover price-cost margins from estimates of demand parameters both under linear pricing models and two part tariffs. The methodology allows then to test between different hypothesis on the contracting and pricing relationships between manufacturers and retailers in the supermarket industry using exogenous variables supposed to shift the...

Equilibrium with product differentiation

Palavras-chave: Vertical contracts; Two part tariffs; Double marginalization; Collusion; Competition; Manufacturers; Retailers; Differentiated products; Water; Non nested tests; Industrial Organization; L13; L81; C12; C33.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25685

Perloff, Jeffrey M.; Salop, Steven.

Dynamic Changes in Market Structure and Competition in the Corn and Soybean Seed Sector

Palavras-chave: Brands; Competition; Consumers' preferences; Monopolies; Consumer/Household Economics.

Ano: 1984

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47004

Wilson, William W.; Dahl, Bruce L..

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the dynamics of R&D investments, and the structure of the seed distribution sector using novel data sets that have not been used before to describe competition in these industries. The results describe four sets of issues of particular importance. One is that while all agbiotechology firms have increased their R&D expenditures, there have been sharp differences in the scope of this spending. Most important is that this has spawned the growth in what is now referred as “seeds and traits.” Second, a large number of future traits will be commercialized in the coming years. A third set of results indicates that one firm grew its market share by 14% and a portion of this growth has been through acquisition. The...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Agbiotechnology; Grain seeds; Competition; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58487

Do prices fall faster when Wal-Mart is around? The effect of competition and reputation on cost pass-through and price adjustment

Martens, M. Andrea.

This study analyzes Wal-Mart’s pricing practices and its inﬂuence on competitors’ input cost transmission. Previous attempts to analyze Wal-Mart’s pricing strategy in the United States have been limited by the company’s refusal to provide scanner data to third party research ﬁrms such as AC Nielsen. This is the ﬁrst study to observe Wal-Mart’s prices over an extended period of time. Using weekly-store level price data between 2001 and 2006 that government oﬃcials collected in 12 Mexican cities, I ﬁnd that Wal-Mart adjusts its prices 1/3-3 times slower to wholesale price increases than other retailers and responds 5-7 times faster to wholesale price decreases than its competitors. This evidence is robust to the comparison of Wal-Mart to other hypermarkets...

Grower representation and its impact on the governance structure of the Australian Grains Industry

Palavras-chave: Wal-Mart; Cost pass-through; Competition; Agribusiness; Industrial Organization.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49459

Farrell, Terence C..

The Australian wheat industry has changed considerably in structure and governance during the past 15 years. The most important changes have been the deregulation of the domestic market and privitisation of the former Australian Wheat Board into AWB Limited. Through these changes growers have become shareholders in the various companies. Governance of the monopolistic relationship between AWB Limited and AWB International by the Federal Minister of Agriculture and the Grains Council of Australia through the Wheat Export Authority has proved ineffective. Hence a national organisation that represents shareholders is recommended to increase grower governance of the supply chain and marketing of wheat.

Competition, Evolution and Optimisation: Comparisons of Models in Economics and Ecology

Palavras-chave: Grain; Marketing; Infrastructure; Competition; Governance; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Marketing.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58447

Tisdell, Clement A..

Discusses concepts of competition in economics and ecology and the relevance of evolution to both subjects. It is suggested that although speciation or increasing biodiversity tends to occur in undisturbed ecological systems, the opposite trend may occur in economic systems. Competition based on optimisation plays a significant role in theories of the evolution of species and some theories of the evolution of business or industrial structures. But evolution does not result in optimal selection of species or businesses for the future, and there is scope for doubt about what is being optimised by survivors in the evolutionary process. Ecological or biological theories of intra-specific competition involving scramble and contest competition are outlined and...

Share, Price and Category Expenditure -- Geographic Market Effects and Private Labels

Palavras-chave: Biology; Competition; Evolution; Market development; Optimisation; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48384

Putsis, William P., Jr.; Cotterill, Ronald W..

Focusing on the interaction between national brands and private labels, this paper has two main empirical contributions: i) a simultaneous system of demand (share), price and expenditure equations is estimated, and ii) differences in the structure of the local geographic market are incorporated into the analysis. The former represents an important step in understanding the complete nature of private label and national brand interaction, while the latter is important for understanding the impact of the local retail environment on market behavior. IRI scanner data from 1991 and 1992 are used to estimate the three-equation system across 135 food product categories and 59 geographic markets. The results suggest that concentration at both the manufacturer and...

Article 82 EC – The Problems and The Solution

Palavras-chave: Competition; Private labels; Industrial organization; Demand and Price Analysis; Industrial Organization; Marketing.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25166

Lang, John T..

The Commission's Guidance paper on exclusionary abuse under Article 82 EC is open to three fundamental criticisms. First, it leads to less legal certainty, because the rules suggested are vague and imprecise, because dominant companies will not have the information needed to apply them, and because the Commission is trying to change the law, which it has no power to do. Second, it would lead to some anticompetitive effects, because in practice it discourages price competition, by discouraging individualised price negotiations and retroactive rebates, and by suggesting that the Commission will protect not-yet-as-efficient competitors from price competition. Third, it leads to too many "false positives", i.e., findings of exclusionary abuse that are not...

Policy Impact Analysis on Investments and Disinvestments under Competition: A Real Options Approach

Palavras-chave: Article 82EC; Competition; Abuse; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; K21.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54282

Feil, Jan-Henning; Musshoff, Oliver.

In consequence of changes in general conditions, a higher level of investments and disinvestments in agriculture can be expected. To date, however, there are no policy impact analyses on both investments and disinvestments in competitive agricultural markets in a dynamic-stochastic context. This paper aims to develop a conceptual real options market model, which allows the impact assessment of different political schemes on investment and disinvestment thresholds and the sectoral welfare. Exemplarily, the effects of price floors, investment subsidies and production ceilings are analysed. The results show that the consideration of limited reversibility, that is disinvestments, is of relevance as it can impact the assessment of specific policies.

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Real options; Competition; Policy impact analysis; Genetic algoritms; Marketing; Political Economy.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124294

Assessing Oligopoly and Oligopsony Power in the U.S. Catfish Industry

Bouras, David; Engle, Carole R..

This paper addresses the issue of competition in the U.S. catfish industry. To this end, a conjectural variation oligopolistic model was developed. The model was estimated econometrically using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) procedure. Chi-square analysis implied that catfish processors do not exert market power over farmers or over consumers. The conjectural elasticity was estimated to be 0.073, the oligopoly power index 0.28, and the oligopsony power index 0.68, and none of these values were statistically significant. The results support competitive behavior of the catfish processing sector.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Competition; Conjectural variation model; U.S. catfish industry; Agribusiness; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62284

Nutritional ecology of blowflies (Diptera, Calliphoridae): estimates of critical larval weight for pupation on two different

Rev. Bras. entomol.

Ribeiro,Cássio da Silva; Von Zuben,Cláudio José.

Under natural environmental conditions, blowflies utilize discrete and ephemeral feeding resources such as decaying carcasses. Competition for food on such feeding substrates is usually very severe, and only the individuals that are capable of attaining the critical larval weight for pupation will be able to survive. This critical weight is hitherto unknown for several blowfly species; therefore, the current work is aimed at obtaining such a critical value for four blowfly species of the genera Chrysomya and Lucilia, deploying two types of feeding substrate, namely, artificial diet and macerated bovine meat. On the whole, the critical weights ranged from 30 to 35 mg. The lowest larval weight which permitted pupation was 30.0 mg for Chrysomya megacephala...

First report of interspecific facultative social parasitism in the paper wasp genus Mischocyttarus Saussure (Hymenoptera, Vespidae)

Palavras-chave: Calliphorids; Competition; Food; Larvae; Minimum weight.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262010000400019

Rev. Bras. entomol.

Montagna,Thiago S.; Neves,Érika F.; Antonialli-Junior,William F..

First report of interspecific facultative social parasitism in the paper wasp genus Mischocyttarus Saussure (Hymenoptera, Vespidae). Parasitism of colonies of the social wasp Mischocyttarus cerberus Ducke, 1918 by females of Mischocyttarus consimilis Zikán, 1949 was observed in a rural area of Dourados, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. In all monitored cases, the invasion occurred in the pre-emergence colony stage, generally by a single female of M. consimilis. The period of establishment of the foreign female in the host colony was marked by antagonistic behaviors between the host female and the invasive. In general, the architecture of the parasitized nest was modified from the typical architecture of the host species nest.

Seasonality and temporal structuration of Alticini community (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) in the Araucaria Forest of Parana, Brazil

Palavras-chave: Competition; Interaction; Independent foundation; Neotropical wasp.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262012000200016

Rev. Bras. entomol.

Linzmeier,Adelita Maria; Ribeiro-Costa,Cibele Stramare.

Seasonality was studied for Alticini trapped with malaise over a period of two years in the Vila Velha State Park, Parana, Brazil. Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae and Alticini showed seasonal distribution, with the highest abundance during spring and summer months. The abundance peaks of these groups were not synchronized. Of all environmental variables tested, photoperiod had the larger effect on the distributional patterns of Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae and Alticini. Also, Chrysomelidae and Alticini probably are related to the quality and availability of host-plants. When richness was high there was a greater similarity among seasons of different years. However, when richness was not pronounced, seasons showed more similarity within the same year than between...

Heterospecific sociality of birds on beaches from southeastern Brazil

Palavras-chave: Abundance; Community structure; Competition; Herbivorous; Seasonality.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262008000200009

Rev. Bras. Zool.

Cestari,César.

Studies on the sociality of heterospecific assemblages of birds have promoted a greater understanding of the types of interactions and survivorship between coexisting species. This study verified the group compositions in bird assemblages and analyzed the sociality of migratory and resident species on sandy beaches of southeastern Brazil. A transect was established on the median portion of beaches and all the groups of bird species (monospecific, heterospecific) and solitary individuals were registered four days per month from November 2006 to April 2007. The sociality of each species was calculated by its frequency in heterospecific groups, its proportional number of contacts with other species in heterospecific groups, and the number of species that it...

Advertisement call of Dendropsophus microps (Anura: Hylidae) from two populations from southeastern Brazil

Palavras-chave: Association; Competition; Heterospecific groups; Nearctic migrants; Shorebirds.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702009000400002

Rev. Bras. Zool.

Forti,Lucas Rodriguez; Márquez,Rafael; Bertoluci,Jaime.

In anurans, acoustic communication is a major mechanism of pre-zygotic isolation, since it carries information about species recognition. Detailed descriptions of the acoustic properties of anuran advertisement calls provide important data to taxonomist and to the understanding of the evolution of the group. Herein we re-describe the advertisement call of the hylid frog Dendropsophus microps (Peters, 1872) after analyzing a larger sample than that of previous descriptions. We also compare the acoustic properties of the call in two populations and discuss the effect of the presence of the sister species, Dendropsophus giesleri (Mertens, 1950), a potential competitor, in one of the populations. Additionally, we provide information on calling sites and size...