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Managing nitrate pollution in a Tunisian irrigated area: A multi-criteria analysis approach AgEcon
Laajimi, Abderraouf; Ben Nasr, J.; Ferchichi, M..
In Tunisia, the extension of irrigated area is justified by its important role in the development and diversification of agricultural production. Nevertheless, the strong intensification of the agricultural activities may lead to the pollution of underground water resources due to an excess use of fertilisers and other chemical products. In fact, the high nitrate concentrations observed in some Tunisian irrigated areas, are related to the excessive use of nitrate fertilizers in intensive agriculture. The objective of the present study is to implement decision-making methods allowing a better combination of factors production by optimization of an economic objective and an environmental objective. This research is based on multi-criteria modelling through...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Nitrate pollution; Environmental impact; Multicriteria analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44186
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A Genetically Engineered Crop's Impact on Pesticide Use: A Revealed-Preference Index Approach AgEcon
Sydorovych, Olha; Marra, Michele C..
A revealed-preference-based method is proposed for assessment of the environmental and human health impact of genetically engineered (GE) crops. This method employs the relative pesticide toxicity information from farmers' pesticide choices combined with volume of pesticides as an alternative to previous methods which are based on volume only, on number of pesticide applications, or on stated preferences. The method is applied to estimate the changes in the impact of herbicides after environmental and health perspective. The results indicate that, on average, a reduction in herbicide human heath and environmental impacts occurs when farmers adopt RR soybean varieties.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Environmental impact; Genetically engineered crops; Pesticide risk index; Revealed preference information; Roundup Ready soybeans; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7083
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ASPECTOS ECONÔMICOS E AMBIENTAIS DA UTILIZAÇÃO DO AMENDOIM FORRAGEIRO PARA A RECRIA-ENGORDA DE BOVINOS DE CORTE NO ACRE AgEcon
Sa, Claudenor Pinho De; Bayma, Marcio Muniz Albano; Carneiro Junior, Jose Marques.
Este trabalho propõe analisar o retorno econômico e o impacto ambiental da atividade recria e engorda na pecuaria de corte, resultantes da utilização do amendoim forrageiro nas pastagens no Acre. Para determinar o retorno econômico foi estimado o benefício econômico gerado pelo sistema que utiliza o amendoim forrageiro em pastagens já estabelecidas, tendo como parâmetro o sistema que utiliza pastagens formadas com o “capim estrela” (Cynodon nlemfuensis). A avaliação dos impactos ambientais foi realizada em conformidade com o sistema de avaliação de impacto ambiental da inovação tecnológica agropecuária (AMBITEC-AGRO). Os resultados mostram que o Índice de Impacto Ambiental médio da inovação tecnologica foi positivo. Portanto, a tecnologia, no aspecto...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Retorno econômico; Impacto ambiental; Amendoim forrageiro; Economic return; Environmental impact; Peanut forage; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109227
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Analysis of Climate Change Perception and Adaptation among Arable Food Crop Farmers in South Western Nigeria. AgEcon
Apata, Temidayo Gabriel; Samuel, K.D.; Adeola, A.O..
This study acknowledges the comments of Dr(Mrs) Olasimbo Apata and Dr. M.A.Y. Rahji. financial assistance of JABU Management is also acknowledge.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Environmental impact; Agricultural occupation; Perception; Adaptation.; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Productivity Analysis; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51365
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Review on Suitability of Available LCIA Methodologies for Assessing Environmental Impact of the Food Sector AgEcon
Amani, Pegah; Schiefer, Gerhard.
Production, processing, distribution, and consumption of a wide variety of products in the food sector have different ranges of environmental impacts. Methodologies used in environmental impact assessment differ in which set of impact categories is covered and which models are used to assess them. In the food sector, life cycle assessment results are mostly presented without any clear distinction of the principles applied to selecting the relevant methodology. In this paper, the most relevant life cycle impact assessment methodologies are determined from the list of recommended methodologies published recently in the international reference life cycle data system (ILCD) handbook. The range of the relevant impacts covered is considered as the main indicator...
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Food chain sustainability; Environmental impact; Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA); LCIA methodologies; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121858
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Litter characteristics and pododermatitis incidence in broilers fed a sorghum-based diet Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Avic.
Carvalho,CMC; Litz,FH; Fernandes,EA; Silveira,MM; Martins,JM da S; Fonseca,LA; Zanardo,JA.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of footpad dermatitis and quality of broilers litter fed with sorghum grain and diets based in corn. It was used 544 male and female chicks, distributed in a completely randomized design with two treatments and eight replications. The chicken feed was formulated and produced from corn, soybean meal and sorghum grain. In the formulation were kept constant levels of energy and protein in accordance with the following treatments: A. Control (diet based on corn and soybean meal); B. Grain sorghum (Whole Sorghum + soybean meal). At 35 and 42 days were evaluated mineral matter (A %), calcium (Ca%), phosphorus (P%), pH and dry matter (DM %) of the poultry litter. To evaluate the footpad dermatitis were evaluated...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Turkey; Enteritis; Viruses; Poults; Diagnosis; Calcium; Environmental impact; Phosphorus.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2014000300010
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Changes in chemical properties of distrophic Red Latosol as result of swine wastewater application AGRIAMBI
Cabral,Juarez R.; Freitas,Paulo S. L. de; Rezende,Roberto; Muniz,Antonio S.; Bertonha,Altair.
Swine wastewater (SW) has characteristics that allow its disposal in the soil as a fertilizer. This is an alternative in order not to accumulate this material in the farm as well as it provides savings with mineral fertilizers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of applying swine wastewater on the chemical properties of a distrophic Red Latosol for two seasons. The experiment was carried out under field conditions with treatments defined as T0 = 0 (control), T1 = 150, T2 = 300, T3 = 450, T4 = 600, T5 = 750 m3 ha-1 of SW applied during the crop cycle of elephant grass. SW application contributed to the increase of magnesium and phosphorus and the reduction of soil aluminum in the first season. As for the second season when compared to the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Effluent; Environmental impact; Leaching.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662014000200012
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Evaluation of proposed integrated diseases management strategies in blackberry cultivation according to its sustainability Rev. Bras. Frutic.
Narváez,Yimmy Alexander Zapata; Beltrán-Acosta,Camilo Rubén.
Abstract The production of blackberry in Colombia is a source of income and rural employment in 18 departments; however, the plant is affected by diseases such as gray mold, anthracnose and powdery mildew that can cause losses of up to 70%. The control of these diseases is mainly carried out with chemical fungicides such as benomyl, carbendazim and mancozeb applied every 7 or 15 days. Nevertheless, being a continuous fructification plant of weekly harvest, the proximity between the application of the pesticides, the harvest, and its consumption represents a health risk due to the residually of these molecules, condition that affects its innocuousness and sustainability. Accordingly, this work aimed to develop an integrated management strategy for these...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Control; Efficacy; Food safety; Environmental impact; Residuality.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-29452019000500406
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Relationship between bird-of-prey decals and bird-window collisions on a Brazilian university campus Rev. Bras. Zool.
Brisque,Thaís; Campos-Silva,Lucas Andrei; Piratelli,Augusto João.
ABSTRACT Bird-window collisions are a dramatic cause of bird mortality globally. In Latin America, statistics are generally very scarce and/or inaccessible so the frequency of such incidents is still poorly understood. Nevertheless, civilians have applied preventive methods (e.g. adhesive bird-of-prey decals) sparsely but, to our knowledge, no study has evaluated their effectiveness in Brazil. Here, we estimated the mortality rate of bird-window collisions and tested the effectiveness of bird-of-prey decals at preventing such accidents. We undertook daily searches for bird carcasses, presumably resulting from window collisions, near all buildings on a university campus over seven months. Adhesive bird-of-prey decals were then applied to the two buildings...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Environmental impact; Fauna depreciation; Human-made environment; Neotropical; Preventive actions; Urban birds.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702017000100310
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Carbon footprint in commercial cultivation of marine shrimp: a case study in southern Brazil R. Bras. Zootec.
Belettini,Frank; Seiffert,Walter Quadros; Lapa,Katt Regina; Vieira,Felipe do Nascimento; Santo,Carlos Manoel do Espírito; Arana,Luis Alejandro Vinatea.
ABSTRACT A life-cycle assessment was conducted during semi-intensive and super-intensive commercial cultivation of marine shrimp from December 2011 to June 2012, considering all phases from the preparation of the nursery to harvesting of the shrimp, to determine the carbon footprints of each process. Inputs and outputs associated to the production of 1 kg of shrimp were evaluated using the CML-1A baseline method, V3.01 EU25, with Software SimaPro® 8.0.2, to identify the factors of impact that are most relevant to the category global warming, measured in kg of CO2 eq. The grow-out phase contributed the most to the final results in super-intensive culture, which had a higher carbon footprint, 47.9967 kg of CO2 eq., which was 1.0042 kg of CO2 eq. in the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Environmental impact; Life-cycle analysis; Litopenaeus vannamei; Semi-intensive culture; Super-intensive culture.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982018000100102
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Technologies to mitigate the environmental impact of broiler production R. Bras. Zootec.
Oviedo-Rondón,Edgar O..
The broiler industry produces efficiently animal protein, but generates residues with high contents of N, P, K, trace minerals, and high bacterial charge. The rapid microbial decomposition of these residues cause ammonia volatilization, nuisance odor, fine particulate matter, and attract insects and rodents. This presentation will discuss the more effective methods to utilize these resources and minimize potential environmental impact. These procedures include planning, personnel training, zoning of areas used to dispose the final residues in crop lands, farm isolation, precision nutrition, litter and house management practices, and appropriate mortality disposal. Broiler litter has been used for animal feeding and power generation. Additionally, new...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Environmental impact; Residues; Broilers; Ammonia; Odor.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982008001300028
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LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION AND DIFFUSE POLLUTION IN A VOLCANIC SOIL R.C. Suelo Nutr. Veg.
Alfaro,Marta; Salazar,Francisco.
In developed countries, intensive grazing has been related to water pollution. The results of several projects carried out on a volcanic soil of the Osorno soil series on beef grazing production systems have shown that grazing management did not increase total nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) transfer and losses. Due to the high water infiltration capacity of the soil, runoff was <1% of total drainage, therefore, N and P losses in runoff were small. Nitrogen leaching losses were high (3 up to 71 kg N ha-1 yr-1). Nitrogen loss in runoff was mainly lost as DON (c. 50%) while N leaching losses were mainly as nitrate (c. 70%). Total P losses ranged between 1 and 22 g P ha-1 yr-1 and they increased with increasing field slopes. Phosphorus was mainly lost as...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Dairy production; Beef production; Environmental impact.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-27912008000200002
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Rice herbicide monitoring in two Brazilian rivers during the rice growing season Scientia Agricola
Marchesan,Enio; Zanella,Renato; Avila,Luis Antonio de; Camargo,Edinalvo Rabaioli; Machado,Sérgio Luiz de Oliveira; Macedo,Vera Regina Mussoi.
Irrigated rice production can involve environmental contamination with pesticides due to the proximity of the fields to rivers and to management problems. During three years (2000 to 2003) the rice herbicides clomazone, propanil and quinclorac were quantified in water during the rice growing season, in the Vacacaí and Vacacaí-Mirim Rivers, located in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) State, Brazil. Water samples were taken at several locations in each river, selected by their importance in terms of rice drainage area. The samples were analyzed by HPLC-UV. At least one herbicide was detected in 41% of the samples from the Vacacaí River and 33% from the Vacacaí-Mirim River. The most frequent herbicide in both rivers and in each year was clomazone. The amount of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Clomazone; Environmental impact; Pesticides; Propanil; Quinclorac.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162007000200005
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Enzyme complex supplementation in different nutrient levels diets on pigs feces excretion and anaerobic digestion Scientia Agricola
Ruiz,Urbano dos Santos; Thomaz,Maria Cristina; Lucas Júnior,Jorge de; Pascoal,Leonardo Augusto Fonseca; Watanabe,Pedro Henrique; Amorim,Alessandro Borges; Xavier,Cristiane de Almeida Neves; Silva,Adriane Andrade.
ABSTRACT This research aimed to evaluate enzyme supplementation in diets with different nutritional levels for pigs in their feces excretion and anaerobic digestion. Fifty four gilts were placed on diets formulated to achieve 100 or 95 or 90 % of a pig's nutrient requirements, with the addition of an enzyme complex containing amylase, β-glucanase, cellulase, pectinase, xylanase, protease and phytase (diets 100E, 95E and 90E) or without the enzymes (diets 100, 95 and 90). The trial was divided into three periods (1, 1-2 and 1-3) based on the animal weight. The enzyme complex reduced (p < 0.05) excretions per period and per unit of weight gain (residue coefficients) of organic matter (OM) in Period 1, of N, Ca, Zn and Na in Period 1-2, and of Na...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Biogas; Environmental impact; Fecal production; Swine.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162017000300180
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Camouflaging of seeds treated with pesticides mitigates the mortality of wild birds in wheat and rice crops Scientia Agricola
Almeida,Alexandre de; Couto,Hilton Thadeu Zarate do; Almeida,Álvaro Fernando de.
Seeds used to plant wheat, corn and rice crops in Brazil are treated with the insecticide carbofuran associated with the dye rhodamine B, attracting granivorous birds and causing mortality during sowing. The objective of this study was to evaluate if using camouflaged seeds can minimize mortality caused by the ingestion of seeds with carbofuran. Alternatives for reducing mortality, such as using carbofuran without rhodamine B or replacing carbofuran by carbosulfan, were compared. Three experiments were carried out in regions of known bird mortality in the states of Paraná and São Paulo, Brazil, using conventional sowing over plowed soil in the traditional planting system, 15,896 kg of seeds in 111.46 ha. Bird carcasses were collected and dissected to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Zenaida auriculata; Carbofuran; Rhodamine B; Carbosulfan; Gustatory repellents; Environmental impact.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162010000200008
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Agricultural use of treated sewage effluents: agronomic and environmental implications and perspectives for Brazil Scientia Agricola
Fonseca,Adriel Ferreira da; Herpin,Uwe; Paula,Alessandra Monteiro de; Victória,Reynaldo Luiz; Melfi,Adolpho José.
In many studies worldwide the use of treated sewage effluents (TSE) as water and nutrient sources in agricultural irrigation have been introduced as a viable alternative for wastewater destination in the environment. Considering agronomic and environmental aspects the objectives of this review were: (i) to present an overview of TSE irrigation on different agro-systems (annual crops, orchards, forests and forages); and (ii) to show the principal changes on chemical, physical and microbiological soil characteristics after TSE application. Various studies have revealed that the nutrient supply only by TSE irrigation was not sufficient to meet plant nutrient requirements resulting in yield decreases. The problem could be solved by an adapted...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Wastewater; Water reuse; Nutrient source; Agriculture; Environmental impact.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162007000200014
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Model-predicted ammonia emission from two broiler houses with different rearing systems Scientia Agricola
Lima,Nilsa Duarte Silva; Garcia,Rodrigo Garófallo; Nääs,Irenilza Alencar; Caldara,Fabiana Ribeiro; Ponso,Roselaine.
Ammonia (NH3) emissions from broiler production can affect human and animal health and may cause acidification and eutrophication of the surrounding environment. This study aimed to estimate ammonia emissions from broiler litter in two systems of forced ventilation, the tunnel ventilation (TV) and the dark house (DH). The experiment was carried out on eight commercial broiler houses, and the age of the birds (day, d), pH and litter temperature were recorded. Broilers were reared on built-up wood shaving litter using an average flock density of 14 bird m–2. Temperature and relative humidity inside the broiler houses were recorded in the morning during the grow-out period. A factorial experimental design was adopted, with two types of houses, four replicates...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Noxious gases; Environmental impact; Dark house; Poultry; Tunnel ventilation.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162015000500393
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The risk of erosion in Brazilian cultivated pastures Scientia Agricola
Sparovek,Gerd; Correchel,Vladia; Barretto,Alberto G.O. Pereira.
Pastures are normally associated with minor erosion problems because of their efficient soil cover. Soil cover is without doubt the most effective inter-rill and rill erosion control practice. However, considering the frequency at which pastures are replanted in Brazil and their enormous territorial extension (178 million hectares) we identify that extensive areas, usually covered by pastures, will remain bare, intensively tilled, and without complementary mechanical soil control practices. The pasture area is equivalent to that occupied by most important Brazilian annual crops (corn or soybeans), that are usually cultivated under no-tillage or supported by governmental soil conservation programs. The precise assessment of these impacts, caused by the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Environmental impact; Soil conservation research.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162007000100012
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