|
|
|
| Registros recuperados: 383 | |
|
|
| Peter M. Keller; Erik C. Boettger; Peter Sander. |
| The current tuberculosis vaccine is a live vaccine derived from _Mycobacterium bovis_ and attenuated by serial _in vitro_ passaging. All vaccine substrains in use stem from one source, strain Bacille Calmette-Guérin. However, they differ in regions of genomic deletions, antigen expression levels, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy. As a RecA phenotype increases genetic stability and may contribute restricting the ongoing evolution of the various BCG substrains, we aimed to inactivate _recA_ by allelic replacement in BCG vaccine strains representing different phylogenetic lineages (Pasteur, Frappier, Denmark, Russia). Homologous gene replacement was successful in three out of four strains. However, only illegitimate recombination was observed... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Microbiology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1576/version/1 |
| |
|
|
| Lev V. Kalmykov; Vyacheslav L. Kalmykov. |
| The nature of competition and biodiversity are open basic questions since Darwin. To investigate mechanisms of interspecific competition and their contribution in biodiversity as closely as possible we offer a white-box modelling method based on physically interpreted ecological axioms. These models are implemented as deterministic individual-based cellular automata and able to give a direct physico-mechanistic insight into studied phenomena. Competition of two trophically identical but fitness different species, competing for one limiting resource in one stable uniform habitat (which is closed for immigration, emigration, predation, herbivory and parasitism) has been investigated in conditions, which are the most unfavourable for their coexistence. The... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7105/version/1 |
| |
|
|
| Niccolo Caldararo; Michael Guthrie. |
| The recently published Altai fossil sequence from Denisova Cave was purported to be so different from anatomically modern humans, yet have the physiological landmarks of that species designation. When the published sequence was examined it was found that segments in the mtDNA hypervariable regions could be found to align with that of anatomically modern humans if one introduced an insertion at a position found in Neanderthals. Some other points of interest arise from a reconsideration of the sequences for other published samples and Neanderthals from the same perspective. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5360/version/4 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Rodrick Wallace. |
| It is possible to reconsider the origin of biological homochirality in a novel way by formally invoking the standard groupoid approach to stereochemistry in a thermodynamic context that generalizes Landau's spontaneous symmetry breaking arguments. On Earth, limited metabolic free energy may have served as a low temperature analog to 'freeze' the system in the lowest energy state, i.e., the set of simplest homochiral transitive groupoids representing reproductive chemistries. These engaged in a Darwinian competition until a single configuration survived. Subsequent path dependent evolutionary process locked in this initial condition, in spite of increases in available metabolic free energy. Astrobiological outcomes, given higher... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Ecology; Molecular Cell Biology; Earth & Environment; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3902/version/2 |
| |
|
|
| Elena Mokhova. |
| Some “animal-like” protozoa are used instead of mammalian cells in diverse investigations. _Tetrahymena pyriformis_ cells in stationary phase of growth and washed from oxidative substrates (_T.pyriformis_) function under conditions of reduced oxidative metabolism. To elucidate if _T.pyriformis_ can be applied as a model for mitochondrial energetics study in mammalian cells during hibernation, the features of _T.pyriformis_ mitochondria were compared with that of liver mitochondria isolated from hibernating animals; the published earlier data were used. Based on the respiration recording and observation of Mito Tracker Red fluorescence in living _T.pyriformis_ we tentatively concluded that the mitochondrial electrical membrane... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Molecular Cell Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4521/version/1 |
| |
|
|
| Konstantin Popadin; Georgii Bazykin. |
| Direct nucleotide repeats can facilitate deletions of segments of mitochondrial genome1, leading to a wide range of neuromuscular disorders1,2 as well as aging2,3 in humans. We hypothesized that the number of the direct perfect repeats in human mitochondrial genomes influences longevity through the formation of harmful mtDNA deletions in the somatic cells. The analysis of the complete mitochondrial genomes of 762 unrelated Japanese individuals4-6 reveals a negative correlation between the abundance of the direct perfect repeats and the expected longevity. This association is largely due to the disruption of the common repeat (8470,13447) by a point mutation 8473C which occurred at the origin of the D4a haplogroup characterized by extreme longevity in... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2399/version/1 |
| |
|
|
| Melissa Amarello; Jeffrey J. Smith; John Slone. |
| Parental care is important in many diverse taxa because of its positive impact on the parent's fitness. Relatively simple forms of parental care, such as female attendance and defense, which is present in many squamate reptiles, will likely provide insight into the evolution of more complex forms observed in crocodilians, birds, and mammals. Historically, observations of adult and newborn rattlesnakes in close proximity were dismissed as mere coincidence of live-birth, and only recently acknowledged as examples of parental care. In 2010, we monitored 11 pregnant Arizona black rattlesnakes (_Crotalus cerberus_): 4 solitary individuals and 2 aggregations composed of three and four individuals. We documented various forms of parental care,... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6671/version/1 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Jicun Wang; Thomas Michelitsch; Arne Wunderlin; Ravi Mahadeva. |
| It is now increasingly realized that the underlying mechanisms which govern aging is a complex interplay of genetic regulation and damage accumulation. Aging as a result of accumulation of ‘faults’ on cellular and molecular levels, has been proposed in the damage (fault)-accumulation theory by Kirkwood 2006. However, this theory fails to explain some aging phenotypes such as fibrosis and premature aging, since terms such as ‘damage’ and ‘fault’ are not specified. Therefore we introduce here a specification of the underlying mechanism of aging and arrive at a novel theory: aging of the body is a result of the accumulation of Misrepair of tissue. It emphasizes: a) it is Misrepair, not the... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2988/version/2 |
| |
|
|
| Lev V. Kalmykov; Vyacheslav L. Kalmykov. |
| The origin of species richness is one of the most widely discussed questions in ecology. The absence of unified mechanistic model of competition makes difficult our deep understanding of this subject. Here we show such a two-species competition model that unifies (i) a mechanistic niche model, (ii) a mechanistic neutral (null) model and (iii) a mechanistic violation of the competitive exclusion principle. Our model is an individual-based cellular automaton. We demonstrate how two trophically identical and aggressively propagating species can stably coexist in one stable homogeneous habitat without any trade-offs in spite of their 10% difference in fitness. Competitive exclusion occurs if the fitness difference is significant (approximately more than 30%).... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7089/version/1 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Meysam Shafiee Ardestani; Behnaz Balmaki; Massod Asgharian. |
| The main aim of this research is study of the planktonic foraminifera morphogroups distinction genus to perform by changing the umbilicus area in Ziarat-kola section to find novel results. Therefore, original objection at this research considers the cause of organizing umbilicus structures (Lip, Portici, Tegilla) at this protests. it seems that phylogeny trend entirely the changes of planktonic foraminifera changing from lip at primary morphogroup to tegilla at development shape which continued this phylogeny trend opening become entirely umbilicus that this trend accompanied to increasing deep. Therefore, the study of planktonic foraminifera morphotype, and recognizing, the obtained results from planktonic foraminifera analysis percent and their... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth & Environment; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3342/version/1 |
| |
|
|
| Jicun Wang; Thomas Michelitsch; Arne Wunderlin; Ravi Mahadeva. |
| It is now increasingly realized that the underlying mechanisms which govern aging is a complex interplay of genetic regulation and damage accumulation. Aging as a result of accumulation of ‘faults’ on cellular and molecular levels, has been proposed in the damage (fault)-accumulation theory by Kirkwood 2006. However, this theory fails to explain some aging phenotypes such as fibrosis and premature aging, since terms such as ‘damage’ and ‘fault’ are not specified. Therefore we introduce here a specification of the underlying mechanism and arrive at a novel theory: aging of the body is a result of the accumulation of Misrepair of tissue. It emphasizes: a) it is Misrepair, not the original... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2988/version/1 |
| |
|
|
| Rodrick Wallace; Deborah Wallace. |
| We apply Tlusty's information-theoretic index theorem analysis of the genetic code to the glycome, using a cognitive paradigm by which external information sources constrain and tune the glycan code error network, in the context of available metabolic energy. The model suggests spontaneous symmetry breaking of the glycan code as a function of metabolic energy intensity, an effect that may be currently present, or embedded in evolutionary trajectory, recording large-scale ecosystem resilience shifts in energy availability such as the aerobic transition. Once focused on a subset of the glycan error code network however, the glycan production machinery must then be regulated by an elaborate cognitive process to ensure that what is produced matches... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5932/version/2 |
| |
|
|
| Swapnil G. Sanmukh; Waman N. Paunikar. |
| The _Citrobacter_ plasmids are supposed to represent the host genetic association within the living bacterial cell. The plasmids impart various beneficial characteristics to the host, helping it to retain suitable characteristics for adaptation as well as evolution. The study aims at understanding the role of prophage in influencing host functional characteristics by horizontal gene transfer or as whole plasmids. The _Citrobacter_ plasmid can be understood by analyzing many hypothetical protein sequences within its genome. Our study included 82 hypothetical proteins in 5 _Citrobacter_ plasmids genomes. The function predictions in 31 hypothetical proteins and 3-D structures were predicted for 11 protein sequences using PS2 server. The probable function... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics & Genomics; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6836/version/1 |
| |
|
|
| Adam M. Goldstein. |
| Existing ontologies model components of evolution, but none synthesize them or describe the framework of ideas used to conceptualize evolution. The Evolution Ontology (EO) aims to do just this. EO models processes (e.g. natural selection); contexts (e.g. habitats); the entities that undergo evolution; and the theories, methods, and disciplines of evolutionary science. Uses include data curation, data mining, and literature curation, EO’s developers working on the latter two for works of Darwin and the Biodiversity Heritage Library. |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3557/version/1 |
| |
|
|
| Chalapathy K. Reddy; Ganeshaiah Narayana; Uma Shaanker. |
| Tomato (_Lycopersicon esculentum_ Mill.) is one of the most popular fruit vegetable around the world. Seed abortion where in only a small proportion of ovules in an ovary develops into matured seeds, is a wide spread phenomenon in multi-ovulated species. In agriculturally important crops such as chickpea, groundnut, Brassica, pigeon pea and field bean seed abortion substantially reduces their productivity. Tomato genotypes exhibited seed abortion where in only some proportion of ovules developed into matured seeds. Seed abortion in tomato cultivars would increase the cost of hybrid seed production. In this study, we have analyzed 19 genotypes for number of ovules, seed set and seed abortion. Tomato genotypes differed significantly for number of ovules per... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3183/version/1 |
| |
|
|
| David M. Carter; Gianni Liti; Alan M. Moses; Leopold Parts; Stephen A. James; Robert P. Davey; Ian N. Roberts; Anders Blomberg; Jonas Warringer; Austin Burt; Vassiliki Koufopanou; Isheng J. Tsai; Casey M. Bergman; Douda Bensasson; Michael J. T. O'Kelly; Alexander van Oudenaarden; David B. H. Barton; Elizabeth Bailes; Matthew Jones; Michael A. Quail; Ian Goodhead; Sarah Sims; Frances Smith; Richard Durbin; Edward Louis. |
| The natural genetics of an organism is determined by the distribution of sequences of its genome. Here we present one- to four-fold, with some deeper, coverage of the genome sequences of over seventy isolates of the domesticated baker's yeast, _Saccharomyces cerevisiae_, and its closest relative, the wild _S. paradoxus_, which has never been associated with human activity. These were collected from numerous geographic locations and sources (including wild, clinical, baking, wine, laboratory and food spoilage). These sequences provide an unprecedented view of the population structure, natural (and artificial) selection and genome evolution in these species. Variation in gene content, SNPs, indels, copy numbers and transposable elements provide... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Genetics & Genomics; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1988/version/1 |
| |
|
|
| Roderic Page. |
| In his 2003 essay E O Wilson outlined his vision for an “encyclopaedia of life” comprising “an electronic page for each species of organism on Earth”, each page containing “the scientific name of the species, a pictorial or genomic presentation of the primary type specimen on which its name is based, and a summary of its diagnostic traits.” Although the “quiet revolution” in biodiversity informatics has generated numerous online resources, including some directly inspired by Wilson's essay (e.g., "http://ispecies.org":http://ispecies.org, "http://www.eol.org":http://www.eol.org), we are still some way from the goal of having... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4242/version/1 |
| |
| Registros recuperados: 383 | |
|
|
|
