SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Zhang, Huifang; Gallardo, Rosa Karina; McCluskey, Jill J.; Kupferman, Eugene M..

Ethylene treatments provide an effective method for shortening post-harvest ripening periods for winter Anjou pears and allow market availability throughout the year. However, pear quality may vary under different treatments. A sensory experiment and a consumer survey including questions that address valuation, assessments of sensory characteristics, purchasing habits, and demographics were conducted. Analyses indicate that treatment-induced quality losses significantly affect consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP). Mean WTP for each treatment reveals that consumers prefer pears with a six-day ethylene treatment and are willing to pay a premium of $0.25/pound compared to the market price.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Pears; Sensory; Willingness to pay; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61062

Does the Value of a Statistical Life Vary with Age and Health Status? Evidence from the United States and Canada

Alberini, Anna; Cropper, Maureen L.; Krupnick, Alan J.; Simon, Nathalie B..

Much of the justification for environmental rulemaking rests on estimates of the benefits to society of reduced mortality rates. Yet the literature providing estimates of the willingness to pay (WTP) for mortality risk reductions measures the value that healthy, prime-aged adults place on reducing their risk of dying, whereas the majority of statistical lives saved by environmental programs, according to epidemiological studies, appear to be the lives of older people and people with chronically impaired health. This paper provides an empirical assessment of the effects of age and baseline health on WTP for mortality risk reductions by reporting the results of two contingent valuation surveys designed to test the above hypotheses. One survey was...

Community, Inequality, and Local Public Goods: Evidence From School Financing in South Africa

Palavras-chave: Willingness to pay; Mortality; Contingent valuation; Age; Health status; Health Economics and Policy; D61; D62; Q20; Q26.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10769

Yamauchi, Futoshi; Mishiyama, Shinichi.

To examine how local income distribution affects both a community’s ability to pay for schooling and the quality of that schooling, this research merges household and school census data from South Africa. Empirical results are twofold. First, while the median income and the average household income increase school fees, inequality in household income (standard deviation) decreases school fees, which indicates that the lower tail of income distribution pulls down school fees. Second, an increase in school fees significantly improves school quality, decreasing the learner-educator ratio and increasing the number of nonsubsidized educators. The result is consistent with (1) strategic behavior of the low-income group and (2) optimal school fee determination...

Age, Health, and the Willingness to Pay for Mortality Risk Reductions: A Contingent Valuation Survey in Japan

Palavras-chave: Local public goods; School finance; Willingness to pay; Human capital; South Africa; Community/Rural/Urban Development.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59286

Itaoka, Kenshi; Krupnick, Alan J.; Akai, Makoto; Alberini, Anna; Cropper, Maureen L.; Simon, Nathalie B..

A contingent valuation survey was conducted in Sizuoka, Japan, to estimate the willingness to pay (WTP) for reductions in the risk of dying and calculate the value of statistical life (VSL) for use in environmental policy in Japan. Special attention was devoted to the effects of age and health characteristics on WTP. We find that the VSLs are somewhat lower (103 to 344 million yen) than those found in the virtually identical survey applied in some developed countries. These values were subject to a variety of validity tests, which they generally passed. We find that the WTP for those over age 70 is lower than that for younger adults, but that this effect is eliminated in multiple regression. Rather, when accounting for other covariates, we find that WTP...

Discounting Spotted Apples: Investigating Consumers' Willingness to Accept Cosmetic Damage in an Organic Product

Palavras-chave: Willingness to pay; Value of statistical life; Mortality risk; Contingent valuation; Age; Risk and Uncertainty.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10829

Yue, Chengyan; Alfnes, Frode; Jensen, Helen H..

Organic producers have limited methods of avoiding plant diseases that result in cosmetic damage to produce. Therefore, the appearance of organic produce is often less than perfect. We use an experimental auction to investigate how cosmetic damage affects consumers' willingness to pay for organic apples. We find that 75% of the participants are willing to pay more for organic than for conventional apples given identical appearance. However, at the first sight of any imperfection in the appearance of the organic apples, this segment is significantly reduced. Furthermore, we find that there is a significant effect of interaction between cosmetic damage and product methods. Even though most consumers say they buy organic products to avoid pesticides, we find...

CONTINGENT VALUATION IN FOOD POLICY ANALYSIS: A CASE STUDY OF A PESTICIDE-RESIDUE RISK REDUCTION

Palavras-chave: Appearance; Apples; Experimental auctions; Organic; Willingness to pay; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18349

Buzby, Jean C.; Ready, Richard C.; Skees, Jerry R..

This study demonstrates how contingent valuation techniques can be used in a cost-benefit analysis of a food safety policy issue. The analysis focuses on banning a specific post harvest pesticide used in fresh grapefruit packinghouses. Benefits of the ban are measured using consumers' aggregated willingness to pay (WTP) for safer grapefruit. A national contingent valuation survey used the payment card method to obtain WTP data. Costs of the ban stem predominantly from increased post harvest losses and were estimated using a model of the market for Florida grapefruit. Results indicate that benefits of the ban outweigh costs.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Cost-benefit analysis; Food safety; Pesticides; Willingness to pay; Agricultural and Food Policy.

Ano: 1995

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15278

Consumer acceptance and valuation of beef that has been tested for BSE

Cranfield, John A.L..

In light of the discovery of BSE infected cattle in Canada in 2003, a number of efforts have been undertaken to ensure the safety of beef produced in Canada. Recent discussion has focused on testing live cattle for the BSE prion. This paper investigates consumer acceptance and valuation of beef from live cattle that have been tested for BSE. Using data from an internet-‐based survey of English speaking Canada, single bound estimates of WTP are measured. Expected WTP is 43 per cent for the entire sample, but ranges from 52 per cent for respondents with a high purchase intention to 28 per cent for those with less than a high purchase intention. Nevertheless, the proportion of respondents who were predicted to purchase a tested beef product was small, and...

Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for New Genetically Modified Food Products: Evidence from Experimental Auctions of Intragenic and Transgenic Foods

Palavras-chave: Consumer demand; Beef; BSE; Willingness to pay; Consumer/Household Economics; Marketing.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103458

Colson, Gregory; Huffman, Wallace E..

Early GM traits were obtained by transferring genes across species, largely from soil bacteria. Part of the consumer resistance to them has been their transgenic nature. Recently, breakthroughs have occurred using intragenic bioengineering where genes are moved long distances within a specie, for example in potato, and without antibiotic markers. The objective of this research is to assess consumers’ acceptance and willingness to pay (WTP) for new intragenic fresh potato, tomato, and broccoli with higher levels of antioxidants and vitamin C, which are consumer traits. To elicit consumer valuations, a new series of experimental auctions were conducted in 2007 that built upon methodology developed in our earlier research. WTP was assessed in a multi-round...

Measuring Consumer Willingness to Pay for a Health Risk Reduction of Salmonellosis and Campylobacteriosis

Palavras-chave: GM foods; Consumer attributes; Willingness to pay; Economics experiments; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q10; D11; D82; D44.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49986

Goldberg, Isabell; Roosen, Jutta.

This paper presents an application of the contingent valuation method (CVM) and choice experiments (CEs). We examine consumer willingness to pay (WTP) for different health risk reduction levels of Salmonellosis and Campylobacteriosis acquired from the consumption of chicken breast. We test for the embedding effect. The embedding effect was not found in the CVM format. It was however present in the CEs. The WTP values in the CVM format rages from Euro 1.29 to 3.34, whereas the WTP obtained by the CEs ranges from Euro -0.16 to Euro 6.68 depending on the disease and the corresponding risk reduction levels.

The Provision Point Mechanism and Scenario Rejection in Contingent Valuation

Palavras-chave: Chicken; Choice experiments; Contingent valuation method; Food safety; Willingness to pay; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; C9; D8; D12.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24512

Groothuis, Peter A.; Whitehead, John C..

The provision point mechanism mitigates free-riding behavior in economic experiments. In two contingent valuation method surveys, we implement the provision point design. We ask respondents for their perceptions about the success of the provision point mechanism. We find that respondents who believe that the provision point would not be met are more likely to say no to a contingent valuation dichotomous choice question. The scenario rejection that arises may result in biased willingness-to-pay estimates.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Provision point mechanism; Contingent valuation; Willingness to pay; Public goods; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55542

Are Urban Consumers in China Ready to Accept Biotech Foods?

Lin, William W.; Somwaru, Agapi; Tuan, Francis C.; Huang, Jikun; Bai, Junfei.

Based on a large-scale survey conducted in 11 large and small eastern cities in 2002, this study employs ordered probit models to estimate the effects of demographic and socio-economic variables on the likelihood of biotech food acceptance in China. This study also employs a dichotomous choice model to estimate consumers' mean willingness to pay (WTP) for biotech foods, including soybean oil and insect-resistant biotech rice. This survey reaffirms that Chinese urban consumers had a low awareness of biotechnology. Despite the low level of awareness, a great majority of respondents had favorable or neutral attitudes toward biotech foods. Only 5-15 percent was strongly or relatively opposed to biotech foods. Results from the models suggest that mid- and...

Consumers' Willingness to Pay a Price for Organic Beef Meat

Palavras-chave: Biotech foods; Ordered probit model; Consumer acceptance; Willingness to pay; China; Consumer/Household Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q11; Q13.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25389

Corsi, Alessandro; Novelli, Silvia.

The goal of this paper is to estimate the maximum price consumers are willing to pay (MPWTP) for organic beef meat. To this purpose, a theoretical and econometric approach is presented, based on the RUM model and on a Contingent Valuation technique. The results show that consumers' MPWTP is quite high, thus suggesting that organic beef meat might gain an appreciable market share. This is also an encouraging signal for prospective producers of organic meat, who might compensate the likely increase in production costs with a substantial premium for the new good.

Using stated preferences to estimate the environmental benefits of using biodiesel fuel in diesel engines

Palavras-chave: Organic meat; Willingness to pay; Double bounded probit; Consumer/Household Economics.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24923

Jeanty, Pierre Wilner; Hitzhusen, Frederick J..

Using biodiesel fuel to reduce emissions from diesel engines is an area of increasing interest. Many environmental benefits associated with biodiesel are not traded in markets and their estimation requires economic valuation methods applied to non-market goods and services. This paper presents the results of a contingent valuation survey conducted in 2006 in two Ohio regions to estimate willingness to pay for air pollution reduction arising from using biodiesel fuel in diesel engines. The double bounded parametric formulation was used to estimate mean WTP ranging from $157 to $457. These results yield estimated aggregate benefits ranging from $123 to $429 million and can be used as a starting point for cost-benefit analysis.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Diesel; Air pollution; Environmental benefits; Contingent valuation; Willingness to pay; Double bounded model; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; I18; L91; Q42; Q51; Q53.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48773

Chapter 13: ANGLERS' WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR INFORMATION ABOUT CHEMICAL RESIDUES IN SPORT FISH: DESIGN OF A CV QUESTIONNAIRE

Krieger, Douglas J.; Hoehn, John P..

This book was originally published by Westview Press, Boulder CO, 1995.

Tipo: Book Chapter

Palavras-chave: Chemical residues; Sport fish; Contingent valuation; Willingness to pay; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 1995

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25970

Consumer Impact of Animal Welfare Regulation in the California Poultry Industry

Allender, William J.; Richards, Timothy J..

This study examines the consumer welfare impact of animal welfare legislation mandating cage-free egg production in California. We estimate California egg consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for cage-free eggs using household-level purchase data and compare the implied premium to higher production costs when calculating the potential change in consumer surplus. Our findings suggest that larger households and/or households with limited means are most likely to be affected. Furthermore, the implied welfare loss for consumers is approximately $106 million. Although consumers value cage-free eggs, higher production costs result in a net welfare loss to consumers. One implication of this finding is that a clear labeling practice may be a more efficient way to...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Animal welfare regulation; California poultry; Egg prices; Egg supply; Hen housing; Mixed logit; Willingness to pay; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97856

Are Country of Origin and Non-GM Premiums Invariant to Experimental Auction Structure?

Volinskiy, Dmitriy; Adamowicz, Wiktor L.; Veeman, Michele M.; Srivastava, Lorie.

A revealed preference auction experiment is used to elicit values for two attributes, one relating to genetic modification and the other to country of origin of the food product, canola oil. A premium for a non-GM canola oil is found to approximate CA$0.4 to $0.6 per litre. Auction format effects are found and hypotheses as to why these may occur are suggested.

Estimating Hypothetical Bias in Economically Emergent Africa: A Generic Public Good Experiment

Palavras-chave: Willingness to pay; Incentive compatible; Becker-DeGroot-Marschak auction procedure; Non-GM food; Country of origin; Canola oil; Demand and Price Analysis.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10378

Caplan, Arthur J.; Aadland, David; Macharia, Anthony.

This paper reports results from a contingent valuation based public good experiment conducted in the African nation of Botswana. In a sample of university students, we find evidence that stated willingness to contribute to a public good in a hypothetical setting is higher than actual contribution levels. However, results from regression analysis suggest that this is true only in the second round of the experiment, when participants making actual contributions have learned to significantly lower their contribution levels. As globalization expands markets, and economies such as Botswana’s continue to modernize, there is a growing need to understand how hypothetical bias will influence the valuation of public goods.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Hypothetical bias; Public good; Willingness to pay; Botswana; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90836

CONSUMER WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR MULTIPLE ATTRIBUTES OF ORGANIC RICE: A CASE STUDY IN THE PHILIPPINES

Ara, Shihomi.

Organic rice production in the Philippines has been growing rapidly since 1986. We conducted a conjoint analysis to determine consumers' preferences of multiple attributes of organic rice in Manila and Naga city. Attributes included were price, reduced health risk level, environmental quality, eating quality, type of organic certification and a fair trade factor. In both cities, health risk was the primary concern. Consumers in Manila revealed organic certification to be the second most important factor while improvement of the farm environment was the second highest factor in Naga city. We found that consumers who live further from the production site have a higher demand for certification. On the other hand, consumers who live close to farms care more...

Consumers' Willingness to Pay for Biotech Foods in China

Palavras-chave: Organic agriculture; Food safety; Risk perception; Conjoint analysis; Willingness to pay; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25911

Lin, William W.; Somwaru, Agapi; Tuan, Francis C.; Huang, Jikun; Bai, Junfei.

Based on a large-scale consumer survey, this study employs a semi-double-bounded dichotomous choice model to estimate the mean willingness to pay (WTP) for biotech foods in China. The study also accounts for the effects of respondents' characteristics on the probability of purchasing biotech foods and WTP. Analyses focus on biotech soybean oil and insect-resistant biotech rice.