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| Registros recuperados: 32 | |
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| Demont, Matty; Tollens, Eric. |
| In the present paper we estimate the impact of a biotechnology innovation in Spanish agriculture. Transgenic Bt maize offers the potential to control corn borers, that cause economically important losses in Spanish maize cultivation, more efficiently. Since 1998, Syngenta commercializes the variety Compa CB, equivalent to an annual area of 25.000ha, or an average adoption rate of 5,2% of Spains total land allocation to maize. The profit increase engendered by this technological change during the four-year period 1998-2001 is estimated to be E8,4 million for Spanish agriculture and E2,8 million for Syngenta and the seed suppliers. The industry appears to be able to extract only one fourth of the total benefits. The lion share, i.e., three fourth,... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31851 |
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| Demont, Matty; Tollens, Eric. |
| Some of the crucial assumptions of applied welfare economics do not hold any longer in the case of agricultural biotechnology innovations. We review some modifications to the conventional methodologies measuring the size and distribution of agricultural research benefits, which are critical for the assessment of the economic impact of agricultural biotechnology in the European Union. While some modifications are related to the specific features of modern agricultural biotechnology and technology adoption, others are related to the specific institutional settings of the European Union's Common Agricultural Policy and commodity markets. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31835 |
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| Demont, Matty; Tollens, Eric. |
| Since 1995, genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have been introduced commercially into US agriculture. These innovations are developed and commercialised by a handful of vertically coordinated "life science" firms who have fundamentally altered the structure of the seed industry. Enforcement of intellectual property rights (IPRs) for biological innovations has been the major incentive for a concentration tendency in the upstream sector. On the one hand, this monopolisation may increase long-run social welfare through an increased rate of investment in R&D. On the other hand, due to their monopoly power, these firms are capable of charging a "monopoly rent", extracting a part of the total social welfare. A popular argument used by the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31857 |
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| Demont, Matty; Jouve, Philippe; Stessens, Johan; Tollens, Eric. |
| The literature on the evolution of farming systems in West Africa shows a large diversity of general theories on rural development. The purpose of this study is to revisit the theses of Malthus and Boserup and empirically test them on a case study of Northern Cote d'Ivoire. We have at our disposal a database spread over three agricultural seasons (1995-1998) and three villages. These villages differ strongly regarding their population density and historical genesis. The comparison between these villages permitted to track down their stage in the evolution of farming systems and to identify population pressure as a key factor of the evolution of farming systems and to identify population pressure as a key factor of the evolution process of farms. Our... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31838 |
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| Dillen, Koen; Demont, Matty; Tollens, Eric. |
| After more than a decade of GM crops, literature reports farmers and consumers can gain significantly from the technology, despite the intellectual property rights assigned to the innovator. In this paper we assess the effect of heterogeneity on this distribution of benefits. A two dimensional framework is created to assess the ex ante benefits of an innovation. Given this setting and the scarce data often available, a parametric modelling approach is taken. The two dimensions of heterogeneity, spatial and temporal, are explicitly modelled as they have a different importance for different technologies. Using this framework we can simulate different corporate pricing strategies and evaluate the benefits generated under changing heterogeneity. The framework... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Heterogeneity; Parametric modelling; Ex ante; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43945 |
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| Demont, Matty; Tollens, Eric. |
| In this working paper we attempt to establish a general analytical framework for the calculation of the micro- and macroeconomic benefits and costs of biotechnology applications in EU agriculture. Since these innovative applications are typically protected by intellectual property rights, standard welfare analyses will overestimate total benefits generated by these innovations. On the other hand, this doesn't mean that innovators are extracting all of the benefits. A recent ex-post welfare analysis on US Bt-cotton shows that farmers have captured the largest share of benefits (Falck-Zepeda, Traxler and Nelson, 1999). Due to the importance of intellectual property rights and the consolidation of the agricultural input industry, the framework presented... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31845 |
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| Demont, Matty; Tollens, Eric. |
| We develop a welfare framework, which explicitly recognizes that research protected by intellectual property rights generates monopoly profits. The result is a simulation model, shaped to the European sugar sector, and enabling to assess the size and distribution of the benefits of transgenic sugar beet adoption in the European Union (EU) and the Rest of the World (ROW). Our model results suggest that the ROW captures the largest share of the benefits (53 % of total welfare increase). The EU sugar industry absorbs the next largest share of the benefits (30 %), with the smallest share (17 %) accruing to seed suppliers and gene developers. Since EU intervention prices are exogenously fixed each year, EU consumers do not take part in the distribution of... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31854 |
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| Demont, Matty; Zossou, Esperance; Rutsaert, Pieter; Ndour, Maimouna; Mele, Paul Van; Verbeke, Wim. |
| In Benin, traditional parboiling is still widely practiced among rice processors, resulting in inferior grain quality. A new parboiler was introduced to improve the milling yield and quality of local rice. We conducted Vickrey second price auctions followed by a consensus session to elicit rural Beninese consumers’ willingness to pay for rice obtained through the new parboiler and two locally innovated parboilers. Relative to traditionally parboiled rice, consumers were willing to pay price premiums of 9–13% for rice obtained through a local parboiler using a container of which the bottom is a perforated metal, 27% for rice obtained through a local parboiler using wooden sticks at the bottom of the pot, and 25–34% for rice parboiled through the improved... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Sub-Saharan Africa; Food processing; Experimental auction; Food quality; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114443 |
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| Demont, Matty; Jouve, Philippe; Stessens, Johan; Tollens, Eric. |
| The literature on the evolution of farming systems in West Africa shows a large diversity of general theories on rural development. The purpose of this study is to revisit the theses of Malthus and Boserup and empirically test them on a case study of Northern Cote dIvoire. We have at our disposal a database spread over three agricultural seasons (1995-1998) and four villages. These villages differ strongly regarding their population density and historical genesis. The comparison between these villages permits us to track down their stage in the evolution of farming systems and to identify population pressure as a key factor of the evolution of farming systems and to identify population pressure as a key factor of the evolution process of farms. Our... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Development; Production Economics. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31836 |
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| Demont, Matty; Houedjoklounon, Alexandre; Hounhouigan, Joseph; Mahyao, Adolphe; Orkwor, Gabriel; Stessens, Johan; Tollens, Eric; Toure, Moustapha. |
| The present study which started in 1999 is framed in the INCOYAM project. Marketing systems of yam are analyzed in three West- African countries: Cote d'Ivoire, Benin and Nigeria. Surveys have been carried out on urban (wholesales and retailers) and rural (collectors) traders. Cities and production regions have been selected in function of their socio-economic characteristics. As a result, in the three countries data has been collected in an important consumption pole, a commercial redistribution pole and a production pole. The degree of precision of the data varies from one country to another due to asymmetric financing. This situation did not allow establishing an equilibrated comparison of yam marketing systems. The three countries commercialize... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization; Marketing. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31861 |
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| Tollens, Eric; Demont, Matty; Swennen, Rony. |
| Agricultural production almost needs to double in the 21st century, putting tremendous pressure on agricultural resources. Most food production increases must come from more agricultural intensification in the South. This advances the need for a new green revolution: higher productivity and at the same time less pressure on the environment. Agrobiotechnology can contribute to this double green revolution. Biotechnology innovations are often scale neutral and are therefore suitable for small farmers. Moreover, genetic modification offers especially advantages for crops domesticated since a very long time and which are therefore quite different from their wild relatives. However, agrobiotechnology also engenders risks and dangers, outlined in the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31837 |
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| Demont, Matty; Daems, W.; Dillen, Koen; Mathijs, Erik; Sausse, C.; Tollens, Eric. |
| Europe is currently struggling to implement coherent coexistence regulations on genetically modified (GM) and non-GM crops in all EU Member States. We conduct simulations with the software ArcView® on a GIS dataset of a hypothetical case of GM herbicide tolerant oilseed rape cultivation in Central France. Our findings show that rigid coexistence rules, such as large distance requirements, may impose a severe burden on GM crop production in Europe. These rules are not proportional to the farmers’ basic incentives for coexistence and hence not consistent with the objectives of the European Commission. More alarming, we show that in densely planted areas a domino-effect may occur. This effect raises coexistence costs and even adds to the non-proportionality... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Regulation; GIS modelling; Domino-effect; Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43650 |
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| Bezlepkina, Irina V.; Jongeneel, Roelof A.; Brouwer, Floor M.; Dillen, Koen; Meister, Anton D.; Winsten, Jonathan R.; de Roest, Kees; Demont, Matty. |
| The introduction of cross-compliance mechanism in the European Union with its 2003 CAP-reform might affect the costs of production and thus competitiveness of the EU. Little evidence is available to asses the costs of compliance with regulations and it implication for trade. In this study a farm level competitiveness analysis of the impacts of the Nitrate Directive and the Identification & registration Directive focuses on the dairy sector in Germany, France, Italy, Netherlands and UK (within EU), and the US and New Zealand (outside EU). The findings from this study are integrated into a trade analysis which assesses the impact of compliance costs on competitiveness of the various trading nations in global trade. Representative farm studies were used... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Compliance; Dairy sector; GTAP; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44153 |
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| Registros recuperados: 32 | |
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