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The Determinants of Survival of Spanish Consumers Fronting the BSE Crisis AgEcon
Radwan, Amr; Gil, Jose Maria; Serra, Teresa.
The impact of food scares on meat consumption has been traditionally investigated by estimating food demand systems using aggregated time series. Only a few have considered micro data but none of them has tried to quantify consumers’ reaction to food scares and the speed of such reactions. In this study we apply duration analysis techniques with the aim of analysing the effect of different explanatory variables on both the risk of reducing beef consumption and the timing of this reduction. Our results suggest that the maximum hazard occurs during the few months after the occurrence of the food crisis and then the reducing consumption hazard tend to diminish. Moreover, economic factors such as prices and income could be considered as the most determinant...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food scare; BSE; Duration analysis; Reaction timing; Spain; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Livestock Production/Industries; C41; D1.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62008
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Nonlinearities in the US corn-ethanol-oil price system AgEcon
Serra, Teresa; Zilberman, David; Gil, Jose Maria; Goodwin, Barry K..
We use a smooth transition vector error correction model to assess price relationships within the US ethanol industry. Daily ethanol, corn and oil futures prices observed from mid-2005 to mid-2007 are used in the analysis. Results indicate the existence of an equilibrium relationship between ethanol, corn and oil prices. However, only ethanol prices adjust, in a non-linear fashion, to deviations from this long-run parity. Generalized impulse response functions indicate that a shock to both oil and corn prices causes a change in ethanol prices of the same sign. Ethanol responses usually reach a peak after about 10 days of the initial shock and fade away within 35 days.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Biofuels; United States; Cointegration; Threshold; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6512
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Effects of policy instruments on farm investments and production decisions in the Spanish cop sector AgEcon
Kallas, Zein; Gil, Jose Maria; Serra, Teresa.
Our paper asses the impacts of the partially decoupled (PD) scheme, implemented during the 1990s and first half of the 2000s in the framework of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), on on-farm investment as well as on other production decisions. The Spanish COP sector was taken as a case study due to its economic and political relevance. The empirical analysis is applied on farm-level data from the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN), observed from 2000 to 2004, based on. We use a reduced-form application of the dual model of investment under uncertainty and a system of censored and non censored equations is estimated. PD payments are found to increase short-run production and to generate a statically significant increase in the investment in farm...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Farm investments; Common Agricultural Policy; Decoupling; Production.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58036
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MARKET SEGMENTATION AND WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR ORGANIC PRODUCTS IN SPAIN AgEcon
Gil, Jose Maria; Gracia, Azucena; Sanchez Garcia, Mercedes.
In recent years, consumer concerns on environmental and health issues related to food products have increased and, as a result, the demand for organically grown production has grown. Higher costs of production and retailer margins generate a gap between real prices and those that consumers are willing to pay for organic food. In this article, consumer willingness to pay for organic food in two Spanish regions is analyzed. Markets in both regions are segmented considering consumers lifestyles. Results indicate that consumers concerned about healthy diet and environmental degradation are the most likely to buy organic food, and are willing to pay a high premium. Organic attributes are easily identified in perishable products as the premium consumers...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34279
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Confidence in the Beef Production System as a Key Factor to Mitigate the Impact of BSE on Beef Consumption AgEcon
Barrena Figueroa, Ramo; Sanchez Garcia, Mercedes; Gracia, Azucena; Gil, Jose Maria.
Recent food scares in the food market has caused a reduction in consumer's confidence in the food system that it has induced a significant reduction in consumption in a sector, the beef sector that was already characterized by a saturated trend in quantity terms. In this context, all participants in the beef production system are facing to a great challenge, to retrieve consumer's confidence in the food chain and to mitigate the reduction in beef consumption. The aim of the paper is to analyse the impact of consumer's confidence in the food system as well as other factors on the explanation of food consumption reduction. A structural modelling approach has been used to analyse factors affecting the reduction in beef consumption in two different regions...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food confidence; Consumer behaviour; Structural equation modelling; Beef sector; Quality label; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24873
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MODELLING IMPORT DEMAND SYSTEMS WITH NONSTATIONARY DATA: AN APPLICATION TO THE FRENCH IMPORTS OF VIRGIN OLIVE OIL AgEcon
Ben Kaabia, Monia; Gil, Jose Maria.
This paper aims to provide a flexible methodological framework to estimate import demand models, which explicitly considers the stochastic properties of data and the endogenous/exogenous nature of some variables. The French imports of virgin olive oil have been used as a case study with Spain, Italy and the Rest of the World as main suppliers. The methodological framework starts by the specification a reduced-form VAR. Appropriated exogeneity tests show the exogeneity of Total Real Imports, indicating the appropriateness of estimating a conditional model. Two cointegration relationships have been found. Several restrictions have been tested in order to identify them as AIDS equations. From structural coefficients of the restricted cointegrated vectors...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Virgin olive oil; France; Demand for imports; Cointegration; And exogeneity.; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6696
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Asymetric Price Transmission in the Spanish Lamb Sector AgEcon
Ben Kaabia, Monia; Gil, Jose Maria.
This paper aims to investigate the non-linear adjustments of prices between farm and retail prices in the lamb sector in Spain. The methodology used is based on the multivariate approach to specify and estimate a three-regime Threshold Autoregressive Model. Results indicate that in the long-run price transmission is perfect and any supply or demand shocks are fully transmitted along the marketing chain. In the short-run, price adjustments between the farm and the retail levels are asymmetric and are representative of a demand-pull transmission mechanism. On the other hand, retailers benefit from any shock, whether positive or negative, that affects supply or demand conditions.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Asymmetries; Lamb; Spain; Price transmission; Demand and Price Analysis; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24631
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Initial Endowment Effects in Multi-Unit Vickrey Auctions AgEcon
Akaichi, Faiçal; Nayga, Rodolfo M., Jr.; Gil, Jose Maria.
We report the result of experiments designed to assess the effect of initial endowments on willingness to pay values elicited from multi-unit Vickrey auctions. Comparing bids from an “endow and upgrade” approach with the “full bidding” approach, we find that the direction of the endowment effect generally depends on the number of endowed units of the conventional product that subjects are willing to give up in exchange for units of the upgraded product. The endowment effect is “reverse” when the number of units that participants are willing to give up is lower or equal to the number of remaining endowed units. However, we generally find an endowment effect when the number of units a participant is willing to give up is higher than the number of remaining...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Endowment effect; Number of units of the endowed product; Multi-unit Vickrey auctions.; Agribusiness; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; C91; D12; D44.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103041
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The EU demand for imports of virgin olive oil AgEcon
Ben Kaabia, Monia; Gil, Jose Maria.
This paper has analysed the import demand for virgin olive oil in the EU and more precisely in the Italian market, as it concentrates more than 80% of EU imports, aiming to determine the relative position of Mediterranean EU and non-EU countries exports and their degree of substitutability or complementarity. The methodology used is based on the specification of a Threshold Almost Ideal Demand System in which special attention has been paid to the stochastic properties of the series involved. In an empirical context, the paper has aimed to provide a set of import demand elasticities that can be useful in trade models. Results point to Spain as the leader in the Italian virgin olive oil market. It is expected that this position will be maintained in the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Olive oil; Italy; Elasticities; Imports; TAIDS; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9390
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The impact of the CAP reforms on the efficiency of the COP sector in Spain AgEcon
Lambarraa, Fatima; Stefanou, Spiro E.; Serra, Teresa; Gil, Jose Maria.
The arable crop sector (COP) occupies a prominent position within the European Union’s agricultural sector. Within Spain, the COP sector accounts for almost a third of total Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee Fund expenses, and a half of the utilised agricultural area. The COP sector is not only relevant because of its physical and economic magnitude, but also because of the political attention it receives. The Common Agricultural Policy reforms that occurred during the 1990s paid special attention to this sector. This paper aims at determining the impacts of Agenda 2000 on a sample of Spanish COP farmers’ production decisions by using an output-oriented stochastic distance function. The distance function allows assessing the reform-motivated changes on...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agenda 2000; Efficiency; Spanish COP sector; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44408
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Transmision de precios en los mercados regionales de ovino en Espana AgEcon
Boshnjaku, L.; Ben Kaabia, Monia; Gil, Jose Maria.
Resumen El análisis de las relaciones de precios existentes en un determinado sector permiten, por un lado, ofrecer una idea aproximada del funcionamiento de los mercados y, por otro, anticipar respuestas ante shocks inesperados en mercados relacionados. El objetivo de este estudio se ha centrado en el análisis de la transmisión de precios entre los principales mercados de ovino en España. Para llevar a cabo este estudio se ha adoptado un enfoque econométrico que ha tenido en cuenta las propiedades estocásticas de las series, la posible naturaleza multivariante de los procesos de transmisión, y la distinción entre el comportamiento a corto y largo plazo. Los resultados indican que los mercados de ovino se encuentran bastante interrelacionados pudiéndose...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Price transmission; Cointegration; Lead-lag relationships; Spanish lamb sector; Demand and Price Analysis; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28747
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Farms' Technical Inefficiencies in the Presence of Government Programs AgEcon
Serra, Teresa; Zilberman, David; Gil, Jose Maria.
We focus on determining the impacts of government programs on farms’ technical inefficiency levels. We use Kumbhakar’s (2002) stochastic frontier model that accounts for both production risks and risk preferences. Our theoretical framework shows that decoupled government transfers are likely to increase (decrease) DARA (IARA) farmers’ production inefficiencies if variable inputs are risk decreasing. However, the impacts of decoupled payments cannot be anticipated if variable inputs are risk increasing. We use farm-level data collected in Kansas to illustrate the model.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Farm Management.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9952
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FOOD SAFETY INFORMATION AND MEAT DEMAND IN SPAIN AgEcon
Radwan, Amr; Gil, Jose Maria; Ben Kaabia, Monia; Serra, Teresa.
This paper analyses the impact of food safety information about the “mad-cow” crisis on the demand for different types of fresh meat and fish in Spain. The theoretical model explicitly incorporates food safety information in the consumers’ utility function, from which demand equations are obtained. Two alternative functional forms have been considered, the standard AIDS and the Generalized Almost ideal Demand System (GAIDS) in order to overcome the problem of incorporating demand shifters in the traditional AIDS model. The food safety information has been incorporated into the demand function through a weighted information index built on the basis of the published news related to the mad-cow disease in the most popular Spanish newspaper. The comparison of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Meat consumption; Food safety information; BSE; Demand systems; GAIDS; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q11; C32; D12.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51540
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Spanish Consumers' Attitudes and Acceptability towards GM Food Products AgEcon
Angulo, Ana Maria; Gil, Jose Maria.
The objective of this paper is to analyse consumers’ attitudes and acceptability of GM food products in Spain. From the methodological point of view, a three-equation model of consumer behaviour is estimated assuming a kind of causal chain among the degree of knowledge, attitudes and buying intentions. Explanatory variables include socioeconomic characteristics of respondents as well as endogenous variables of the previous equations. The model provides a better knowledge of how attitudes and buying intentions towards GM food are formed. Higher educated consumers, more concerned about labelling information and less about price, and regular buyers of organic foods show a higher (not necessarily better) knowledge on GM technology and its consequences....
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: GM foods; Spain; Consumers' attitudes; Econometric model.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42142
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Spanish Demand for Food Away From Home: A Panel Data Approach AgEcon
Angulo, Ana Maria; Gil, Jose Maria; Mur, Jesus.
In this paper, the Spanish demand for food away from home is analysed. A panel data set is built and appropriate techniques for estimating limited dependent variable models have been applied. Results indicate that where there are zero expenditures, these are largely due to infrequency of purchase rather than to abstention or to economic reasons. Furthermore, important differences appear among households. On the one hand, those households whose head is a highly-educated person, male, young and living on a salary in a large town are more likely to purchase food away from home. On the other hand, increases in income only provokes more than proportional increases in expenditure for those households headed by an unschooled person, a female or a person older...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Demand for food away from home; Household production theory; Panel data.; Consumer/Household Economics; C23; C24; D12.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24977
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Farms' technical inefficiencies in the presence of government programs AgEcon
Serra, Teresa; Zilberman, David; Gil, Jose Maria.
We focus on determining the impacts of government programs on farms’ technical inefficiency levels. We use Kumbhakar’s stochastic frontier model that accounts for both production risks and risk preferences. Our theoretical framework shows that decoupled government transfers are likely to increase (decrease) DARA (IARA) farmers’ production inefficiencies if variable inputs are risk decreasing. However, the impacts of decoupled payments cannot be anticipated if variable inputs are risk increasing. We use farm-level data collected in Kansas to illustrate the model.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Just and Pope production function; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117736
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Are The Spanish Citrus Farms Efficient? AgEcon
Lambarraa, Fatima; Gil, Jose Maria; Serra, Teresa.
Spain occupies the first position in the European and Mediterranean rankings of citrus production and trade. In our analysis we assess the technical efficiency with which this sector is operating. The main objective of this study is to analyze productivity and technical efficiency of Spanish citrus sector through citrus farms with high orange production. A stochastic frontier production model is estimated in which the technical inefficiency effects are defined by the time-varying inefficiency model. A primal approach is used to decompose Total Factor Productivity (TFP) growth into its various components. Results indicate improvement in efficiency scores of Spanish citrus farms along the period studied. Allocative efficiencies, technical efficiency change,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9393
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Farmer’s objectives as determinant factors of organic farming adoption AgEcon
Kallas, Zein; Serra, Teresa; Gil, Jose Maria.
Our paper seeks to assess the decision to adopt organic farming practices. More specifically, we use Duration Analysis (DA) to determine why farmers adopt organic farming and the timing of adoption. We extend previous studies by including farmers’ objectives, risk preferences and agricultural policies as covariates in the DA model. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used as a multi-criteria decision-making methodology to measure farmers’ objectives. The empirical analysis uses farm-level data collected through a questionnaire to a sample of vineyard holdings in the Spanish region of Catalonia. Farmers’ objectives are found to influence the conversion decision. Moreover, farmers who are not risk averse are more prone to adopt organic farming. Results...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Organic farming adoption; Duration Analysis; Analytical Hierarchy Process; Farmers’ objectives.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58035
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MODELING THE IMPACT OF FOOD SAFETY INFORMATION ON MEAT DEMAND IN SPAIN AgEcon
Radwan, Amr; Gil, Jose Maria; Ben Kaabia, Monia; Serra, Teresa.
This paper analyses the impact of food safety information about the 'mad-cow' crisis on the demand for different types of fresh meat and fish in Spain. The theoretical model explicitly incorporates food safety information in the consumers' utility function, from which demand equations are obtained. Two alternative functional forms have been considered, the standard AIDS and the Generalized Almost ideal Demand System (GAIDS) in order to overcome the problem of incorporating demand shifters in the traditional AIDS model. The food safety information has been incorporated into the demand function through a weighted information index built on the basis of the published news related to the mad-cow disease in the most popular Spanish newspaper. The comparison of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Meat consumption; Food safety information; BSE; Demand systems; GAIDS; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6672
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Local Polynomial Fitting and Spatial Price Relationships: Price Transmission in the EU Markets for Pigmeat AgEcon
Serra, Teresa; Gil, Jose Maria; Goodwin, Barry K..
We apply nonparametric methods to assess price transmission processes within the EU pig markets. We compare results derived from nonparametric regressions with those obtained using alternative nonlinear threshold models. Results show that nonparametric regressions support the parametric results. However, parametric techniques often suggest a higher degree of price transmission than that implied by threshold models.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25388
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