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| Registros recuperados: 40 | |
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| Dun, Zhe; Mitchell, Paul D.. |
| Transgenic plants producing insecticidal protein derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been widely adopted since their commercial introduction in 1996. The widespread adoption of such plants has reduced use of conventional insecticides while attaining yield gains, thus providing economic, environmental and human health benefits. However, the benefits from Bt crops will be reduced or even eliminated if pests develop resistance to these toxins so that Bt crops are less or no longer effective. Although field resistance to Bt crops has not yet been found in the continental U.S., resistance to Bt sprays has been found in diamondback moth and greenhouse populations of cabbage looper. Hence, considerable attention has been devoted to developing management... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Resistance; Bio-tech; Sustainable; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103581 |
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| Mitchell, Paul D.. |
| This paper explores the effect farmer perceptions concerning how best management practice (BMP) adoption changes the profit distribution have on BMP adoption incentives and the potential for insurance to increase these incentives. Adoption indifference curves illustrate the effect of farmer perceptions on BMP adoption incentives and the potential for insurance to expand the set of perceptions consistent with adoption. Empirical analysis quantifies these conceptual results for nutrient BMP insurance, a new policy available to corn farmers as part of a USDA-Risk Management Agency pilot program in four states. Results indicate that nutrient BMP insurance can have economically relevant effects on farmer adoption incentives. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Adoption indifference curves; Crop insurance; Fertilizer; Green insurance; D8; Q12; Q16; Q21. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43460 |
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| Mitchell, Paul D.; Gray, Michael E.; Steffey, Kevin L.. |
| This paper describes a composed error model for estimating the conditional distribution of yield loss to serve as an insect damage function. The two-part error separates yield variability due to pest damage from other non-pest factors such as soil heterogeneity, non-uniform application of agronomic practices, and measurement errors. Various common functional forms (linear, quadratic, Cobb-Douglas, negative exponential, hyperbolic, sigmoid) for the pest damage function are presented and parameter estimation is described. As an empirical illustration, the model is used to estimate a damage function for corn rootworm, the most damaging insect pest of corn in the United States. The estimated damage function gives expected proportional yield loss as a... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19602 |
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| Casillas, Gabriel; Mitchell, Paul D.. |
| A common problem in agricultural credit markets in developing countries is the coexistence of a competitive market equilibrium interest rate and credit rationing. The literature typically explains the existence of credit rationing in competitive credit markets using adverse selection and moral hazard. Unfortunately these analyses are not consistent with the empirical reality that developing countries deal with in terms of subsidized credit, especially in the agricultural sector. This paper presents an alternative explanation for credit rationing in the agricultural sector in developing countries based on the fact that the requested loans are usually for small amounts, with many farmers making applications. As a result, the costs of operation increase with... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22199 |
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| Seo, Sangtaek; Mitchell, Paul D.; Leatham, David J.. |
| We develop a principal agent model to examine how the optimal contract between a farmer and an external equity investor is altered by the presence of crop insurance. The contract uses both fixed compensation and variable compensation varying with realized revenue to induce high farmer effort. All remaining surplus is divided between the farmer and investor. The optimal contract with crop insurance relies more on the variable compensation and less on the fixed compensation than when crop insurance is unavailable. This compensation scheme requires the investor to share more risk with the farmer to induce higher effort while still enticing the farmer’s participation in the contract. Empirical analysis finds that the variable compensation increase is not... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92204 |
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| Mitchell, Paul D.; Knight, Thomas O.. |
| A primary change to crop insurance contained in the USDA's Farm Bill Proposal is Supplemental Deductible Coverage (SDC). SDC would allow farmers who purchase individual crop insurance coverage to purchase GRP in the amount of the individual policy deductible. GRP indemnities would be accelerated compared with the current GRP policy. Analysis indicates that SDC provides substantial benefits in terms of certainty equivalent gains. The largest benefits are realized by low risk farmers, compared to others in the county, and farmers whose yields are highly correlated with the county yield. Optimal individual policy coverage levels generally decrease when SDC is taken. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92125 |
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| Mitchell, Paul D.; Buman, Thomas; Buman, Stanley. |
| We specify several count data models, parameterizing the probability densities in terms of their means for easier comparison between models. In addition, we derived a correction of these probability densities for differences in sample sizes, which is a contribution to the count data literature as far as we are aware. We then empirically implement these models using data from a mail survey of firms using prescribed fire to estimate the expected number of escapes from prescribed burns. We find that the not correcting for sample size differences can lead to erroneous conclusions concerning the statistical significance of variables. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21055 |
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| Yang, Juan; Mitchell, Paul D.; Gray, Michael E.; Steffey, Kevin L.. |
| We describe four recently developed panel data estimators for unbalanced and nested data, a common problem for economic and experimental data. We estimate a western corn rootworm damage function with each estimator, including separate parameters for random effects from year, location, and experimental errors. We then use each estimator to assess the cost of the western corn rootworm soybean variant and the net benefit of soil insecticide and Bt corn for controlling this pest. At current prices, we find that soil insecticide generates a net loss ranging about $0.50-$3.25/ac, while Bt corn generates a net benefit ranging $2.50-$7.00/ac. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92127 |
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| Kruse, John R.; Mitchell, Paul D.; Bouzaher, Aziz; Smith, Darnell B.. |
| The profitability of planting flood tolerant crops in flood plains relative to traditional row crops is evaluated under different assumptions concerning flood frequency and the level of government crop subsidy. The alternative crops evaluated are short rotation woody crops and herbaceous energy crops. The analysis is conducted for two growing environments: Louisa County, Iowa and Saline County. Missouri. The economic indicator used to value the alternative scenarios is annualized net return per acre. This indicator can account for the significant time lags between planting and harvesting of the two alternative crops. The results indicate that row crops dominate the flood tolerant crops until flood frequency approaches 50 percent. The positive... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1995 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18537 |
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| Alston, Julian M.; Hyde, Jeffrey; Marra, Michele C.; Mitchell, Paul D.. |
| This study examined the potential economic impacts in the United States of the commercial adoption of a corn rootworm (CRW) resistant transgenic corn. Using a counterfactual approach, we estimated that if the technology had been made available in the year 2000 at a price that would equate per acre costs to those for insecticide-based corn rootworm control, and adopted on all of the acres treated for corn rootworm in that year, the total benefits would have been $460 million. This benefit includes $171 million to the technology developer and seed companies, $231 million to farmers from yield gains, and a further $58 million to farmers from reduced risk, time savings, and other nonpecuniary benefits associated with reduced use of insecticides. This is a... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57828 |
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| Dun, Zhe; Mitchell, Paul D.. |
| We apply Antweiler’s (2001) double-nested unbalanced panel data model to estimate a western corn rootworm damage function using data from field trials in Illinois and Nebraska. Results imply that expected yield losses for a one unit difference in the node injury scale are 16.4%. Estimated random year and state effects are statistically significant, as is the estimated random experimental effect. The experimental effect is relatively large indicating the tremendous variability in yield losses at the small scale for plots with the same node injury scale measure of root damage. Using the estimated pest damage function to assess the value of Bt corn for farmers in Nebraska and Illinois, we find that, with a mean yield of 200 bu/ac, a yield CV of 25%, a... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90700 |
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| Registros recuperados: 40 | |
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