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| Registros recuperados: 40 | |
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| Petrick, Martin. |
| This paper reviews three arguments why government should not directly finance public goods provision in the countryside: (1) sorting and voting of residents leads to efficient local public goods provision, (2) community governance better copes with incomplete contracting in public goods, and (3) public provision drives out voluntary private provi-sion of public goods. Theory and empirical evidence partly support these arguments. The adequate level of rural governance appears to be often below the national or Euro-pean level, and policy should focus on the institutional premises of public goods provi-sion rather than on centralized payments to public good providers. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Public Economics. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12594 |
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| Jia, Lili; Petrick, Martin. |
| Research on agricultural development in China has increasingly paid attention to the potentially negative effects of highly fragmented farm structures. This study provides a deeper theoretical understanding of the linkages between land fragmentation and off-farm labor supply and investigates this relationship empirically in a more direct and robust way than in the existing literature. Drawing upon a rural household panel dataset collected in Zhejiang, Hubei and Yunnan provinces from 1995-2002, we estimate the effects in two steps. First, we estimate the effect of land fragmentation on labor productivity using a time-demeaned translog production function. Second, we estimate the effect of land fragmentation on off-farm labor supply using Wooldridge’s (1995)... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Land fragmentation; Off-farm; Labor supply; China; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114522 |
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| Petrick, Martin. |
| The article contributes to the understanding of neo-endogenous rural development policies from the perspective of evolutionary game theory. Rural development is modelled as the increasing realisation over time of gains from interaction by rural stakeholders. The model exhibits two dynamically stable equilibria, which depict declining and prospering regions. Neo-endogenous policies are interpreted as stimuli emerging from an external government authority which help decentralised actors to coordinate on the superior of the two equilibria. External intervention may thus be possible and desirable without giving up the autonomy of local decision makers. However, because initial conditions matter, outcomes cannot be planned or engineered from the outside. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Rural governance; Neo-endogenous policies; Evolutionary game theory; Collective action.; Community/Rural/Urban Development; C73; R23; R58. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114764 |
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| Consmuller, Nicola; Beckmann, Volker; Petrick, Martin. |
| In this study, we theoretically and empirically investigate the determinants of Bt maize adoption in German regions. Specifically, we ask how the regulatory framework, the farm structures as well as the socio-political environment of GM expansion in Germany have influenced regional adoption rates. Following a description of the relevant legal and economic framework in Germany, we develop theoretical hypotheses concerning regional variation in Bt-maize adoption and test them econometrically with unique data at the Federal States (Länder) and County (Landkreis) level. The study provides evidence that the adoption of Bt-maize in different regions is positively affected by the amount of maize grown per farm and by the European Corn Borer (ECB) infestation... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: GMO crops; Germany; Panel data analysis; Institutional and Behavioral Economics. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51630 |
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| Petrick, Martin. |
| Economic research on structural change in agriculture has repeatedly induced controversies about basic theoretical concepts, such as rational behaviour and equilibrium, and their analytical and political implications. To contribute to the epistemological dimension of this debate, the article gives an overview of three paradigms to economic modelling whose proponents have been inspired by physics, biology, and chemistry. The key concepts of general equilibrium theory, evolutionary economics and the “social chemistry” of Jon Elster are presented and compared. While all keep the idea that intentional individual action can explain aggregate outcomes that are nevertheless unintended, they differ in assumptions concerning preferences and the characteristics of... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Economic modelling; Natural sciences; Agricultural change; Philosophy of science; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59517 |
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| Ahrens, Heinz; Balint, Borbala; Baltag, Grigore; Bezlepkina, Irina V.; Blaas, Gejza; Bojnec, Stefan; Borisova, Victoria; Brelik, Agnieszka; Cimpoies, Dragos; von Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan; Danilowska, Alina; Drlik, Jan; Fock, Theodor; Gallerani, Vittorio; Galushko, Viktoriya; Golemanova, Antoaneta; Greif, Franz; Hager, Astrid; Hann, Chris; Horska, Hana; Huirne, Ruud B.M.; Jansik, Csaba; Jechlitschka, Kurt; Kinnucan, Henry W.; Kirschke, Dieter; Krypa, Nada; Malik, Mykola; Matsibora, Tetyana; Mishev, Plamen Dimitrov; Nedyalkov, Anton; Oskam, Arie J.; Oude Lansink, Alfons G.J.M.; Petrick, Martin; Pelse, Modrite; Petrikov, Alexander; Raggi, Meri; Ratinger, Tomas; Revishvili, Zurab; Rodionova, Galina; Samoggia, Antonella; Sarris, Alexander H.; Savastano, Sara; Sedik, David J.; Senczyszyn, Jaroslaw; Spesna, Daniela; Tritten, Christian; Tyran, Ewa; Valentinov, Vladislav; Viaggi, Davide; Wegener, Stefan; Weingarten, Peter; Zmija, Janusz. |
| Tipo: Book |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93023 |
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| Petrick, Martin. |
| Based on a case study of two Moldovan regions, the paper challenges the favourable assessment of recently established peasant farms in a World Bank study by LERMAN et al. (1998). The main arguments in favour of a more critical view of the results of land privatisation and farm restructuring are that a) private farmers produce only on a minimal fraction of land with almost no machinery or purchased inputs at all, b) the income of a typical farm household is below a poverty line based on national standards, c) private farmers face substantial production and marketing risks, d) at present, it is unlikely that short- or long-term investment projects in agriculture can be credit funded. Currently, peasant farms are mainly run to produce a minimum diet for the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agriculture in transition; Land reform; Poverty; Subsistence farming; Moldova; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q12; Q15; P36. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14882 |
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| Consmuller, Nicola; Beckmann, Volker; Petrick, Martin. |
| Since the end of the quasi-moratorium on genetically modified organisms (GMO) in the European Union in 2004, the establishment of GMO-free zones has become an EU wide phenomenon. In contrast to other European countries, Germany follows the concept of cooperative GMO-free zones where neighbouring farmers contractually refrain from GMO cultivation. In this article, we address the question which underlying factors could account for the establishment of cooperative GMO-free zones in Germany. Drawing on the existing literature on spatial agglomeration of different farming systems and the establishment of GMO-free zones, we provide the first systematic study on driving factors for the regional formation of GMO-free zones in Germany. The empirical analysis is... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms (GMO); GMO-free zone; Econometric analysis; Germany; Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114493 |
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| Petrick, Martin; Latruffe, Laure. |
| The paper empirically investigates credit access and borrowing costs in Poland's rural financial market. We conduct an econometric analysis based on cross-sectional survey data including formal loans taken in the period 1997-1999. A hedonic regression of the effective interest rate, comprising both the nominal interest rate and additional transaction costs faced by farmers, allows the identification of the determinants of borrowing costs. These determinants can be interpreted as loan attributes and their implicit prices calculated. We proceed in two steps. In the first step, farmers' credit access is estimated by a Probit model. The second step is the hedonic regression, in which the Probit results are taken to test for selectivity. The results support the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14905 |
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| Petrick, Martin. |
| On the verge of EU accession, Poland’s agricultural sector is characterised by a number of distinct structural weaknesses, which are a major reason for the unsatisfactory income situation of rural households. Among these weaknesses are that farm productivity is substantially below EU standards, investment has performed much weaker as compared with the overall Polish economy, and structural change has been very small. It has been suggested that credit access is a crucial factor for overcoming these undesired outcomes. Furthermore, the Polish government massively intervenes on rural credit markets, in particular by granting subsidies on working capital and investment loans for agriculture. Against this background, the aim of the present research is to... |
| Tipo: Book |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93022 |
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| Petrick, Martin; Ditges, C. Markus. |
| On the basis of portfolio selection theory, this paper finds that whole-farm risk must be regarded as a major reason for the low level of credit flow to agriculture in North-western Kazakhstan. A quadratic programming model was used in order (a) to demonstrate the comparatively high overall risk exposition of a typical farm, (b) to show that an inflow of working capital could contribute to risk reduction, and (c) to illustrate short-term risk management strategies. Although there may be a role for the government in reducing risk exposition of agriculture in its current form, natural and economic constraints suggest to pave the way for structural reforms that reduce the importance of agriculture in the rural economy. . |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural credit; Kazakhstan; Portfolio selection theory; Risk programming; Agricultural Finance; Q14; G11; C61. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14939 |
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| Petrick, Martin. |
| Welfare economics as the traditional, prescriptive theory framework used in agricultural economics has been criticised by institutional economists as being largely irrelevant to real-world policy issues. We therefore ask how normative statements are possible within an economic theory framework that does recognise the importance of institutional arrangements. Instead of applying established outcome-oriented criteria of social welfare, we examine whether the rules of economic interaction allow the acquisition of gains from cooperation. We suggest to reconstruct any interaction as an existing or repealed social dilemma. This approach helps to identify common rule interests which create room for improvement of all parties involved, and to suggest desirable... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; D02; D63; D74; Q14. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25702 |
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| Petrick, Martin; Spychalski, Grzegorz; Switlyk, Michal; Tyran, Ewa. |
| The aim of this paper is to present an analysis of farm-level data collected in a survey of 464 Polish farms in 2000. Performance indicators of farms in three Polish voivodships are compared with farm accountancy data from two German Länder. The results show that Polish farms are much less profitable than their German counterparts. The gap in income levels is much higher between persons employed in the agricultural sector than between average working persons in the two countries. Living standards of the Polish farm population in the north-west exceed those in the south-east of the country. The analysis suggests that the lower profitability of farms has two major reasons. First, farms in the German regions receive much higher levels of subsidies. Second,... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Farm performance; Survey data; Poland; Germany; International Development. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98251 |
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| Petrick, Martin. |
| The objective of this paper is to empirically detect credit rationing of Polish farms. Based on cross-sectional survey data and motivated by a microeconomic farm household model, this effort is pursued by a methodology consisting of three interrelated steps. These steps include the analysis of qualitative survey data regarding farmers' experience with bank credit, based on this an econometric estimation of internal shadow prices of credit for the credit constrained sub-sample of respondents, and finally an investigation of interdependencies between determinants of consumption and production that should be influenced by the presence of a binding credit constraint. The results of the empirical analysis consistently suggest that among the observed randomly... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agriculture credit; Credit rationing; Interest subsidy; Microeconometrics; Poland; Agricultural Finance. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24951 |
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| Registros recuperados: 40 | |
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