SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Dresbøll, Dorte Bodin; Magid, Jakob; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian.

The long-term nitrogen mineralization and stability of compost based on easily available plant residues was examined. Four different composts were prepared from wheat straw and clover-grass hay, one treatment receiving all material initially (100/0), two treatments where addition of 75% of the clover-grass was postponed for 3 weeks (75/25,3w) respectively 8 weeks (75/25,8w) and one treatment receiving only 25% of the clover-grass added to the other treatments (25/0). Mineralization and stability of the compost was followed for 24 weeks in leaching tubes, leached regularly by 0.01 M CaCl2. Postponing the addition of the clover-grass hay for 3 weeks (75/25,3w) during composting had a significant effect on the N mineralization rate leading to more mineralised...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://orgprints.org/3494/1/3494.pdf

Assessment of selenium mineralization and availability from catch crops

Stavridou, Eleftheria; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian; Young, Scott D..

Selenium (Se) release from four plant species (Indian mustard, fodder radish, Italian ryegrass and hairy vetch) was measured under controlled leaching conditions and in a pot incubation experiment as part of a study of the potential for using these plant species as Se catch crops. Catch crops may reduce Se leaching and, by subsequent release of Se from the plant material, increase the available Se for succeeding crops. Plants grown both without and with Se addition (250 g Se/ha) were tested. In the leaching experiment, frozen plant material was incorporated into soil columns and incubated at room temperature for up to 19 weeks. The results showed that Se concentrations in the leachate were higher when Se-enriched plant material was incorporated in the...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/19589/4/19589.pdf

Forslag til øget kvælstofeffekt af efterafgrøder ved optimeret artsvalg, management og placering

Beregning af kvælstoftilførsel i sædskiftet

Kapitlet handler om muligheden for at ændre reglerne for dyrkning af efterafgrøder, således at effekten af at dyrke efterafgrøder forbedres. Der fokuceres på muligheden for at 1) inddrage nye arter af efterafgrøder, især for at opnå større roddybde, 2) at ændre regler om nedmuldningstid så der i hvert fald på sandjord bliver krav om vinterfaste efterafgrøder der først nedmuldes om foråret, 3) at sikre en mere optimal placering af efterafgrøderne i sædskiftet og på dyrkning af efterafgrøder primært på bedriftstyper hvor der er mest kvælstof i kredsløb og hvor efterafgrødern derfor kan få størst effekt, og 4) mere overordnet at dyrke efterafgrøder i de egne af landet hvor de vil gøre den størst muligt miljømæssige gavn.

Tipo: Report chapter

Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Production systems Vegetables.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://orgprints.org/3890/1/3890.rtf

Optimising nutrition in organic tomato production

Grønsagsproduktion er mange steder i Europa en vigtig kilde til kvælstofudvaskning. For at forebygge dette, er det vigtigt at kunne beregne tilgængelighed og udvaskning af kvælstof i grønsagssædskifter. En ny computermodel - EU-rotate – kan hjælpe til med at optimere kvælstoftilførsel og sædskifteplanlægning.

Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article

Palavras-chave: Vegetables; Air and water emissions.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://orgprints.org/16336/1/16336.pdf

The abstract describes experiments with different cropping systems for organic greenhouse production of tomatoes. In this experiment two main questions are adressed. As greenhouse tomato production is a very intensive monoculture production, problems with nutrient supply and balances are expected, and problems with soilborne pests and diseases are widespread. To counter such problems, we compare the normal method of soil grown tomatoes with systems where tomatoes are grown in compost filled boxes. This allows to control nutrient losses and prevent carry over of diseses and pests in the soil. We also study an intermediate system, where where tomatoes are established in compost filled boxes, but the roots are allowed to develop also in the soil outside the...

Root growth vigour is a better predictor than root hair traits of early nutrient uptake in spring wheat plants grown at low soil fertility

Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover Crop health; Quality; Protection Vegetables Greenhouses and coverings.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://orgprints.org/4644/1/4644.rtf

Wang, Yaosheng; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian; Jensen, Lars Stoumann; Magid, Jakob.

Background and Aims A number of root and root hair traits have been proposed as important for acquisition of P. However, it remains unknown whether these traits are most important in determining macro- and micronutrient uptake at low soil fertility. This study investigated the variations in root and root hair traits among spring wheat genotypes and examined which root and root hair traits are most important for high uptake of macro- and micronutrients. Methods Six spring wheat genotypes were grown in a soil with low nutrient availability. The root and root hair traits as well as the content of macro- and micronutrients were identified. Results A significant genetic variability in root and root hair traits was found. High root growth vigour and long and...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Soil quality Composting and manuring Breeding; Genetics and propagation.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://orgprints.org/27912/8/27912.pdf

Rækkedyrkning af korn med efterafgrøde tegner lovende

URL: http://orgprints.org/30113/1/R%C3%A6kkedyrkning%20af%20korn%20med%20efterafgr%C3%B8de%20tegner%20lovende.docx

Foreløbige resultater fra forsøg med dyrkning af korn på rækkeafstand for at kunne bekæmpe ukrudt med radrensning og efterfølgende etablere efterafgrøder tyder på gode muligheder for at bruge metoden. Resultaterne viser at der kan opnås bedre frugtbarhed og mindre nitratudvaskning, og tyder samtidig på at i hvert fald kraftige efterafgrøder også kan reducere tidslebestanden.

Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article

Palavras-chave: Production systems; Crop combinations and interactions; Soil tillage; Weed management.

Ano: 2016

Crop yield, root growth, and nutrient dynamics in a conventional and three organic cropping systems with different levels of external inputs and N re-cycling through fertility building crops

Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian; Dresbøll, Dorte Bodin; Kristensen, Hanne L..

One core idea behind organic production is that cropping systems should be less dependent on resource import than conventional production and minimize negative environmental effects. This study aimed to test novel organic rotations, designed to reduce reliance on external resource import. We compared a conventional system (C) and an organic system relying on manure import (O1) to two rotations (O2 and O3), both relying on autumn cover crops for soil fertility, and in O3 green manure rows were left as intercrops. Resource import differed between 149, 85, 25 and 25 kg N ha-1 year-1 in C, O1, O2 and O3. Crop yields were lower in the organic systems (on average 82% of conventional yields), differing among crops, when based on the area grown with main crops....

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Farming Systems; Crop husbandry; Soil; Vegetables; Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/19701/4/19701.pdf

Catch crops and green manures as biological tools in nitrogen management in temperate zones

Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian; Magid, Jacob; Jensen, Lars Stoumann.

The review deals with the effects of nitrogen catch crops or green manures on the N dynamics of agricultural systems. The mechanisms of their effects are discussed, and it is discussed how they can be used to achieve the agricultural and environmental goals of N management.

Tipo: Book

Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil quality; Production systems.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://orgprints.org/107/4/107.pdf

Organic Food and Health: A new project to study the effects of plant cultivation methods (organic and conventional) on nutritional value, health and reproduction in an animal experiment

Brandt, Kirsten; Nygaard Larsen, Hanne; Andersen, Jens-Otto; Mølgaard, Jens-Peter; Lauridsen, Charlotte; Jørgensen, Henry; Gundersen, Vagn; Larsen, Erik; Badsberg, Jens Henrik; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian.

Many consumers believe that food from plants grown under certain conditions, such as organic agriculture, will benefit health more than conventional food. This cannot be determined simply by analysing the material, since our understanding of the connections between food components and health is still to imprecise for such a purpose. Rather than waiting until basic research provides the knowledge needed for this approach, in the spring of 2001 we have initiated a project to study physiological effects of plant quality directly, in an animal experiment. The following cultivation treatments are used to grow plants that are typical ingredients for a human diet (potato, mature peas, kale, spring wheat, oilseed rape, carrots and apples): 1. A model of a...

Effects of green manure herbage management and its digestate from biogas production on barley yield, N recovery, soil structure and earthworm populations

Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health Crop health; Quality; Protection Specific methods.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://orgprints.org/1702/1/DARCOFposterhealthlille.pdf

Frøseth, Randi Berland; Bakken, Anne Kjersti; Bleken, Marina Azzaroli; Riley, Hugh; Pommeresche, Reidun; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian; Hansen, Sissel.

In repeatedly mown and mulched green manure leys, the mulched herbage contains substantial amounts of nitrogen (N), which may only slightly contribute to the following crops’ nutrient demand. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of alternative strategies for green manure management on the yield and N recovery of a subsequent spring barley crop, and their short term effects on soil structure and earthworm populations. A field trial was run from 2008 to 2011 at four sites with contrasting soils under cold climate conditions. We compared several options for on-site herbage management and the application of anaerobically digested green manure herbage. Depending on the site, removal of green manure herbage reduced the barley grain yield...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://orgprints.org/26212/2/Fr%C3%B8seth%20et%20al%202014%20Effects%20of%20green%20manure%20herbage%20management.pdf

Intercropping affects glucosinolate content in broccoli

Stavridou, Eleftheria; Schreiner, Monika; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian; Krumbein, Angelika.

Numerous studies proposed that the protective effect of cruciferous vegetables against cancer may be due to their relatively high content of sulfur-containing glucosinolates. Nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) application significantly affect glucosi¬nolate concentration in plants. Total S requirement differs between crop species; in general S demand of Cruciferae is high. S supply has an impact on the total glucosinolate concentration but also on the relative proportions on the individual glucosinolates. Investigations showed that in broccoli plants, total glucosinolate concentrations were high at insufficient N supply, independent of the S level. This study aimed to improve the nutritional value of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) by intercropping. A...

Proteomic and endophytic changes during storage of organically and conventionally grown carrots

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Vegetables; Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://orgprints.org/19593/3/19593.pdf

LOUARN, Sébastien; NAWROCKI, Arkadiusz; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian; Søgaard Lund, Ole; NØRREGAARD JENSEN, Ole; Collinge, David B.; Jensen, Birgit.

This study utilises physiologically independent assays to evaluate whether there are differences in the way that organically and conventionally grown carrots develop during storage. Thus quantitative proteomics and sampling the endophytic micromycota of stored carrots provide two different assessments of the physiological state of stored carrots.

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Vegetables; Weed management; Post harvest management and techniques; Root crops.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/19485/4/19485.pdf

Brassicas in sustainable production and organic farming

Brassica plant species show some characteristics in their use of plant nutrients which make them different from most other crops. These characteristics often make brassicas difficult to grow in low-input systems with limited nutrient availability, but at the same time they also make some brassica species valuable tools for reducing nitrate leaching losses and improving N management in farming systems. The paper presents experimental results on brassica crops as main crops and cover crops.

An organic vegetable crop rotation aimed at self-sufficiency in nitrogen

Palavras-chave: Vegetables; Air and water emissions.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://orgprints.org/16320/1/16320.pdf

The paper describes the organic vegetable crop rotation. The ideas behind the design of the crop rotation, the use of green manures and catch crops, and how information on crop root growth has been used to try to design a crop rotation with a high NUE and minimal N leaching losses. The results from the first years of the rotation, in terms of yield and N uptake of the crops and of the content of inorganic N in the soil are presented.

The use of computer modelling to evaluate the agronomic, economic and environmental impacts of N management in contrasting organic rotations

Palavras-chave: Production systems; Vegetables.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://orgprints.org/1910/1/rotation.pdf

Rayns, Francis; Schmutz, Ulrich; Firth, Chris; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian; Zhang, Kefeng; Rahn, Clive.

A new computer model (EU-ROTATE_N) has been developed with the aim of improving nitrogen management on all farms across Europe which include fi eld vegetables in their rotations. It brings together aspects of many existing models and contains a number of features to make it applicable to organic producers (e.g. taking account of nitrogen fixation by legume containing leys, nitrogen conservation by winter cover crops and nitrogen supply by manures and composts). A key feature is the model’s ability to simulate economic output and this enables it to be of value to policy makers when considering the impact of new measures to reduce environmental pollution. This paper describes the model and some initial work that has been conducted to evaluate it under UK...

Low-P solution culture may assist screening of root growth vigor in soil for high nutrient uptake of spring wheat varieties

Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management; Vegetables; Farm economics.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://orgprints.org/10215/1/10215.pdf

Wang, Yaosheng; Andersen, Sven Bode; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian; Jensen, Lars Stoumann; Magid, Jakob.

Root and root hairs of plants have been intensively studied in solution culture; however, correlation of such measurements in solution culture with development in soil is poorly understood. This study compared growth of roots and root hairs as well as uptake of macro- and micronutrients of six spring wheat varieties in solution culture under P stress and P abundance and in a low fertility soil. Results showed that root length and surface area under P stress was significantly positively correlated with that in the low fertility soil, while no such correlation was apparent for root hair length and density. In absolute terms the root length, surface area, root hair length and density of spring wheat varieties were substantially higher in soil than in solution...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Soil quality Breeding; Genetics and propagation.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://orgprints.org/27913/3/27913.pdf

Quantitative proteomics by 2DE and MALDI MS/MS uncover the effects of organic and conventional cropping methods on vegetable products

NAWROCKI, Arkadiusz; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian; Jensen, Ole Nørgaard.

Organic farming aims to be environmentally sound, but the question as to whether organic cropping brings more nutritional benefits to farmers and consumers than the conventional cropping needs still to be answered. To gain insights into the molecular effects of organic farming we used proteome analysis to analyze cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var ‘capitata’) and carrot (Daucus carota var. ‘sativus’) Our aim was to identify the metabolic pathways that are affected by different cropping regimes and thus, may have an effect on quality, storability and pathogen resistance of crops. By means of two dimensional gel electrophoresis and MALDI tandem mass spectrometry we compared proteomes of cabbage and carrot root, obtained in the first growth season, cropped...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Production systems; Crop combinations and interactions; Vegetables.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/19595/1/Norgaard_et_al_JPROT%2DS%2D10%2D00154%2D2.pdf

Agronomic factors affecting yield and quality of extractable leaf protein 1 concentrate (LPC) in forage crops

Ytting, Nanna Karkov; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian.

The study aims to find the optimal cutting strategy and forage plant species for organic production of leaf 11 protein concentrate (LPC) and to investigate if sulfur fertilization have a positive effect on the content of the 12 sulfur containing amino acids cystine and methionine. The protein recovery in green juice and amino acid 13 composition of the proteins were measured for 23 common and alternative forage species grown in an 14 organic cropping trial. Total protein yield in green juice was measured for three different cutting strategies (2, 15 3 and 4 cuts per season) in three different forage species mixtures. The forage species mixtures were given 16 three levels of sulfur fertilization (0, 30 and 60 kg S ha-1). Results indicated that the economic...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Pasture and forage crops; Farming Systems.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://orgprints.org/33331/1/Manuscript_Agronomic%20factors%20affecting%20yield%20and%20quality%20of%20Leaf%20Protein%20Concentrate.pdf

Simulating Root Density Dynamics and Nitrogen Uptake -Field Trials and Root Model Approach in Denmark

Pedersen, Anders; Zhang, Kefeng; Jensen, Lars Stoumann; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian.

Plant soil and atmosphere models are commonly used to predict crop yield and associated environmental consequences. Such models often include complex modelling of water movement, soil organic matter turnover and above ground plant growth. However, the root modelling in these models is often very simple, partly due to a limited access to experimental data. Here we propose a root model developed to describe root growth, root density and nitrogen uptake. The model focuses on annual crops, and attempts to model root growth of different crop species and row crops and its significance for nitrogen uptake from different parts of the soil volume.