SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Binfield, Julian C.R.; Westhoff, Patrick C.; Le Cadre, Elodie.

The impact of increased consumption of biofuels on agricultural markets has already been substantial, and will increase further as countries around the world seek to expand the proportion of their energy that they get from renewable sources. Models of the agricultural sector must therefore include some consideration of the demand for agricultural products for biofuels and the byproducts that are produced as part of the production process that are returned to the agricultural sector. In this paper the method of introducing biofuels into the FAPRI GOLD (grains, oilseeds, livestock and dairy) model is discussed. A scenario is run whereby the EU is assumed to introduce a binding 10% target by 2020 and the results are discussed in order to illustrate the...

Agricultural and Food Security Policy Analysis in Central America: Assessing Local Institutional Capacity, Data Availability, and Outcomes

Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Partial equilibrium model; Agricultural sector; EU policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6680

Tschirley, David L.; Flores, Luis; Mather, David.

Performance of the agricultural sector in developing countries is fundamental to ensuring robust and equitable economic growth and broad-based food security. Yet donor support to agricultural development in developing countries has declined continuously for 30 years. This same period saw dramatic deterioration in developing countries’ institutional capacity to provide services to their agricultural sectors. These trends may now be changing, due in part to the global food price crisis of 2007 and 2008 and concerns that it unleashed about the world’s ability to feed its poorest inhabitants. This paper reports on the results of a two week trip to Guatemala and Nicaragua made by Michigan State University’s Food Security Group. The purpose of the trip was to...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Central america; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93029

Analysis of Development of Investments in the Agricultural Sector of the Czech Republic

Zidkova, Dana; Rezbova, Helena; Rosochatecka, Eva.

The aim of this article is to analyse the investment activities realized in the agricultural sector of the Czech Republic during the period of 1998-2009. The study focuses on the development of the volume of investments in agriculture, their composition and economic efficiency. The analysis is based on data from the Aggregate Agricultural Account drawn up by the Czech Statistical Office (Český statistický úřad, ČSÚ). Investment activity is studied on the basis of such indicators as the gross fixed capital formation, net fixed capital formation, gross investment rate, requirements for investments. The impact of selected factors influencing the gross fixed capital formation and its composition is evaluated

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Investment activities; Agricultural sector; Gross fixed capital formation; Requirements for investments; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; GA; IN.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102492

Achieving Regional Growth Dynamics in African Agriculture

Abdulai, Awudu; Diao, Xinshen; Johnson, Michael.

This study focuses on public investments and policy reforms for leveraging growth spillovers at the African regional level. A conceptual framework that is built on the endogenous growth theory and the new economic geography is presented first to gain a better understanding of the underlying theory and empirical evidence on regional integration and growth spillovers. In order to demonstrate the potential benefits from greater cross-border technology spillovers in Africa, as well as from trade liberalization and investment in infrastructure, results from ex-ante simulations using partial and general equilibrium models are then presented and discussed. Results indicate that sizeable regional spillover benefits can be obtained by permitting greater crossborder...

DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL AS A TOOL FOR IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR – CASE OF SERBIA

Palavras-chave: Computable General Equilibrium Models C68; Agricultural growth; Agricultural sector; International Development.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58371

Zubovic, Jovan; Domazet, Ivana; Stosic, Ivan.

New trends in global economy require greater capacity of the agricultural workforce. In order improve agricultural productivity it is needed to increase the level of human capital of the agrarian population. Human capital is accumulated knowledge, created in the long term process of human resources development, which begins in early stages and last all through the life, which is especially true for agricultural business. During transition Serbian economy went through major changes, with agriculture trailing to other sectors of the economy. Each farmer is producing only around 3,000 € gross added value per year, which is substantially lower than in other sectors. This paper will analyze what innovative activities are used worldwide in agriculture and give...

Políticas de precios y subsidios agrícolas: impactos macroeconómico y sectorial: Perú 1985-1988

Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Productivity; Human capital; Education; Reform; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital; Productivity Analysis.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57491

Escobal D'Angelo, Javier.

Este documento presenta y analiza las principales políticas aplicadas por el gobierno aprista para reactivar el agro peruano, evaluando su viabilidad financiera de corto y mediano plazo y sus efectos sobre el propio sector agrario y la economía en su conjunto. Describe y analiza la política de precios agrícolas, la política cambiaria y la política crediticia; evalúa los efectos de las políticas macroeconómicas descritas y de los subsidios agrícolas, en especial aquéllos que inciden sobre la inflación, el déficit fiscal y los términos de intercambio intersectoriales.

Do Cooperative Banks Really Serve Agricultural Sector in Poland?

Palavras-chave: Economia agraria; Politica agraria; Sector agropecuario; Precios agricolas; Politica de precios; Subsidios; Peru; Agricultural economics; Agrarian policy; Agricultural sector; Agricultural prices; Prices policy; Subsidies; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Demand and Price Analysis; Q11; Q18.

Ano: 1989

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42288

Zawojska, Aldona; Siudek, Tomasz.

The aim of the paper is to assess the potential of cooperative banks for serving agricultural sector in Poland and to identify the areas with the most development potential. We discuss the transformation process in the cooperative banking system under market economy, and in particular investigate importance of cooperative banks for farms' financing on the basis of our survey of banks. Moreover, the role of cooperative banks in transmission of Government policy supporting farm sector in Poland is discussed. We find that despite growing competition from the commercial banking sector, farms and rural households in Poland are still of major importance for the cooperative banks in Poland.

Globalization and Urban-Rural Migration in Taiwan

Palavras-chave: Cooperative banks; Agricultural sector; Poland; Agricultural Finance; G21; O18; Q14.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24479

Huang, Fung-Mey.

In this study, we examine the association of urban-to-rural migration with the deterioration of labor market in urban sector due to the globalization of markets and production. Two measures of the relative impacts of globalization on urban and rural labor markets: changes in rural-urban real earning differential and changes in the rural-urban probabilities of being employed. We, thus, address the following questions. What would be the changes in both rural-urban real earning differential and the rural-urban differential in the probabilities of being employed over the last decade? Can real earning differentials or employment differentials, or both significantly influence the urban-to-rural migration decisions? Which one plays a pivotal role in the analysis?...

Structural Reforms and Agricultural Export Performance: An Empirical Analysis

Palavras-chave: Globalization; Labor migration; Agricultural sector; Community/Rural/Urban Development; J31; I20.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9953

Susanto, Dwi; Rosson, C. Parr, III; Costa, Rafael F..

This study empirically investigates the effects of structural reforms on bilateral trade flows of agricultural products. Specifically, the study jointly analyzes the impacts of three different reforms including financial reform, trade reform, and agricultural reform on agricultural trade. The results suggest that less restrictive credit constraints, reduced tariff rates, and less government interventions are likely to generate increase in total agricultural exports. The evidence further indicates that the impacts of the reforms vary considerably across less aggregated products as well as across reform forms. The results provide a solid policy foundation for pursuing structural reforms in order to stimulate trade and economic growth, given the fact that the...

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Agricultural reform; Agricultural sector; Financial reform; Gravity model; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119657

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL SECTORS IN CHINESE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Koo, Won W.; Lou, Jianqiang.

This study examined the interdependency between Chinese agricultural and industrial sectors. A dual economic model was developed to investigate the relationship between the two sectors and factors affecting Chinese economic development. The study reveals traditional inputs, such as labor, are still important to Chinese economic development. Capital investment contributed significantly to the growth of the Chinese industrial sector, but not to the agricultural sector. The results also suggest that foreign trade has made a significant contribution to Chinese economic development. It was found that the growth of the Chinese agricultural sector depends on its industrial growth, but the growth of the Chinese industrial sector does not rely on the agricultural...

EFEITOS DE CURTO E LONGO PRAZOS DE CHOQUES NA TAXA DE CÂMBIO REAL SOBRE O SALDO DA BALANÇA COMERCIAL AGROPECUÁRIA BRASILEIRA

Palavras-chave: Chinese economic development; Dual economy; Growth model; Agricultural sector; Industrial sector; Foreign trade; International Development.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23176

Scalco, Paulo Roberto; Carvalho, Henrique Duarte; Campos, Antonio Carvalho.

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os efeitos de longo e curto prazos de choques na taxa de câmbio real sobre o saldo da balança comercial agropecuária brasileira. O procedimento metodológico empregado foi a análise multivariada descrita em Johansen (1988 e 1991) apud Hamilton (1994). Os resultados indicam que existe uma relação de longo prazo entre a depreciação na taxa de câmbio real e o saldo da balança comercial. Verifica-se que, no longo prazo, um aumento de 1,0 % da taxa de câmbio leva a uma expansão de 2,10 % no saldo da balança comercial. Esse resultado está consistente com a condição de Marshall-Lerner que afirma: no longo prazo, o efeito volume deve superar o efeito preço, promovendo, assim, um aumento no saldo da balança comercial. Entretanto,...

The Impact of the Crude Oil Price on the Livestock Sector under a Regime of Integrated Energy and Grain Markets

Palavras-chave: Condição de Marshall-Lerner; Curva J; Taxa de câmbio; Balança comercial; Setor agropecuário; Marshall-Lerner condition; J-Curve; Exchange rate; Trade balance; Agricultural sector; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109536

Fabiosa, Jacinto F..

The study finds that the emergence and expansion of the ethanol sector was associated with a fundamental transformation of the integration of the energy and agricultural sectors. In particular, the correlation structure between crude oil and grain prices increased dramatically, becoming more statistically significant, and with all anomalous signs corrected. Before the ethanol boom, the correlation of the crude oil price and corn was -0.117. It increased to 0.876 in the ethanol boom period. Soymeal correlation increased from 0.182 to 0.909, and distillers dried grains with solubles increased from -0.252 to 0.834. As a result, the energy market is also now impacting the livestock sector through feed costs, which account for more than half of total costs....

A hedonic approach to estimating the supply of variety attributes of a subsistence crop

Palavras-chave: Energy sector; Agricultural sector; Least-cost feed ration; Biofuel; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Q12; Q13; Q18.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49240

Debt Financing and Efficiency in Agricultural Firms

Edmeades, Svetlana.

The paper extends the household hedonic model, as a non-market valuation tool, by estimating a supply function for variety attributes of a subsistence crop in a developing country. The model is applied to bananas in Uganda, making use of disaggregated data on variety-specific farm-gate banana bunch prices and attributes. The hedonic analysis is applied at the farm-gate, the first link in the market chain, while accounting for the semi-subsistence nature of banana producing households. Within the framework of the agricultural household, where consumption and production decisions are non-separable, prices reflect the implicit marginal valuation of both consumption and production attributes jointly. The paper is motivated by the need to quantify the value of...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Small farms; Households models; Agricultural sector; Crops; Economic aspects; Crop diversification; Variety attributes; Decision making; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55424

Alarcón, Silverio.

In this work the effects of large- and short-term debts on efficiency are tested on a set of agricultural firms. Accounting data of crop, livestock, mixed and service firms are used. First, the efficiencies of the farms are obtained by using nonparametric methods (input-oriented DEA). Then, in a second stage, censored regressions are run with different kinds of explicative variables, including financial ratios. The results show a significative and positive relationship between short-term indebtedness and efficiency, which would be agree with some theories positing that firms with higher short-run obligations make additional efforts to satisfy their payments, and this leads to an improvement of efficiency.

Privatizing a State Farm in Kazakhstan

Palavras-chave: Debt financing; Efficiency; Agricultural sector; Nonparametric methods; Agricultural Finance.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9436

Garcia, Roberto J.; Silvis, Anne Heinze.

This dissolution of the Soviet Union served the state-directed linkages between state-owned farms and agribusiness enterprises ordered by the command economic system. Likewise, the dissolution disrupted marketing channels connecting the agricultural sector to a market economy those of other former republics. The transition to a market economy requires a transformation in the political and economic structures of state-owned farms and state-owned agribusiness enterprises. Directors of state-owned farms in Kazakhstan face major challenges. The primary consideration is how the farm should be organized after privatization, that is, whether the farm should be transformed into a cooperative, a joint stockholding company, or divided into several private,...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Kazakhstan; Former Soviet Union; Agricultural sector; Privatization; Market economy; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management.

Ano: 1996

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90377

Perspektiven der landwirtschaftlichen Betriebslehre

Az Agrárgazdasági Tanács állásfoglalása az agrárgazdaság 2010 évi helyzetéről

Kohne, Manfred.

Traditional objects of farm management research and farm management science are farms and farm households. In the course of time new objects have been added, for example different forms of horizontal and vertical co-operation, commerce and manufacturing enterprises in the field of agriculture, partly supplying, and service industries in agriculture. Corresponding to that, there are numerous addressees: relevant academics, students, farmers and their consultants, agricultural experts, also increasingly employees in agribusiness, agricultural societies and administrations, partly also jurisdiction, agrarian politicians, and finally the public. There is a large variety of topics concerning farm management research and science. Important traditional topics...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Farm management economics; Farm economic research projects; Organisation of agricultural economics research and science; Farm Management; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98884

Popp, Jozsef; Szekely, Csaba.

Összefoglalóan megállapítható, hogy 2010-ben kedvező fejlemény a gazdálkodók jövedelemhelyzetének javulása, valamint a növekvő mezőgazdasági és élelmiszer-ipari külkereskedelmi mérleg. Ugyanakkor továbbra is aggodalomra ad okot a kivitel és behozatal termékszerkezetének alakulása (feldolgozott termékek importhányada magas, exporthányada alacsony), a foglalkoztatás csökkenése, a növénytermelés és az állattenyésztés aránya, valamint a csökkenő támogatások hatására negatív jelenség volt a beruházások visszaesése. A jelentés pontos képet ad az élelmiszer-gazdaságról, azaz a termékpályáról, a dezintegráció és a nemzetközi versenyképesség problémáiról. A termékpálya szereplői mindaddig ki lesznek téve a hektikus ármozgásoknak, amíg nem jön létre közöttük bizalmi...

Tipo: Article

Palavras-chave: Agrárágazat; Agrárpolitika; Agrárszabályozás; Vidékfejlesztés; Környezetvédelem; Agricultural sector; Agricultural policy; Agricultural regime; Rural development; Protection of the environment; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Political Economy.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119938

COMPETITIVENESS OF MILK AND WINE PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING IN ALBANIA

Petrick, Martin; Schreiber, Catrin; Weingarten, Peter.

This study provides an empirical assessment of the competitiveness of Albanian dairy and wine production, based on specifically collected survey data. For both product groups, the analysis is carried out on two levels: farm level production of raw material and processing and manufacturing of the final product in the food industry. In a third step, both levels are aggre-gated to analyse the competitiveness of the entire production chain for each product group. Overall, the wine sector appears in an economically more favourable situation than the milk sector. Although there is currently no relevant export of wine, there has been considerable in-vestment activity at the farm level and the harmonisation of quality standards with EU legislation is currently...