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Auction Markets for Specialty Food Products with Geographical Indications AgEcon
Schamel, Guenter.
We present a first analysis of auction markets for specialty food products. We identify auction prices, trade volume and value for domestic and foreign origin specialty ham with geographical indications (GIs) which were actually sold in online auctions in Germany within a one-month period. Applying hedonic modeling, we examine potential factors that may influence online bidding behavior and final auction prices. We estimate positive auction price effects for weight, bidding activity, and auction length, that the domestic product is sold at a discount, that higher shipping cost have a negative impact on final prices, and that auctions ending on Fridays and Saturdays yield lower prices. The model may be used to estimate the value of GIs. In our example, we...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Consumer economics; Geographical indications; Auctions; Information; Marketing; D12; D44; D83.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25606
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Dynamic Processes in Contingent Valuation: A Case Study Involving the Mahogany Glider AgEcon
Tisdell, Clement A.; Wilson, Clevo; Swarna Nantha, Hemanath.
This paper reports the results of an experiment involving a sample of 204 members of the public who were assessed on three occasions about their willingness to pay for the conservation of the mahogany glider. They were asked this question prior to information being provided to them about the glider and other focal wildlife species; after such information was provided, and finally after participants had had an opportunity to see live specimens of this glider. The mean willingness to pay of the relevant samples are compared and found to show significant variations. Theories are considered that help explain the dynamics of these variations. Serious concerns are raised about the capacity of information provision to reveal ‘true’ contingent valuations of public...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Awareness; Contingent valuation; Dynamic processes; Experiential learning; Information; Wildlife; Willingness to pay; Environmental Economics and Policy; D83; D84; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51414
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Understanding Factors That Influence Breeders to Sell Bulls at Performance Tests AgEcon
Lillywhite, Jay M.; Simonsen, J..
Breeders of purebred bulls have multiple avenues to market their bulls, including consignment at public auctions associated with performance tests. Purebred breeders often have the opportunity to withdraw bulls that are eligible to sell in these auctions. We examine sales data from a public auction held in conjunction with a performance bull test in Tucumcari, NM, to gain insights on breeder decisions to withdraw bulls prior to entering the sales ring. Specifically, we use a binary logit model to identify relevant characteristics that affect a breeder’s decision to withdraw a sale eligible bull from the auction.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Breeder decisions; Livestock; Performance bull test; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; C31; D23; D44; D83; M31; Q13.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47264
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Carbon Labeling for Consumer Food Goods AgEcon
Shewmake, Sharon; Okrent, Abigail M.; Thabrew, Lanka; Vandenbergh, Michael.
We construct a model to predict how consumers will respond to better information about the carbon content of 42 foods and a nonfood composite as well as product categories through a label, and provide guidance as to what kinds of goods would provide the highest CO¬2eq emission reductions through a labeling scheme. Our model assumes that consumers value their individual carbon footprint, allowing us to utilize estimates of own- and cross-price elasticities of demand from the literature on demand analysis. We make three different assumptions about how consumers currently value their carbon footprint and find that when a label informs consumers, their baseline perception matters. We also find that carbon labels on alcohol and meat would achieve the largest...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Carbon emissions; Food labeling; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q53; D83; Q18.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124369
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The Circulation of Ideas in Firms and Markets AgEcon
Hellman, Thomas; Enrico, Perotti.
Novel early stage ideas face uncertainty on the expertise needed to elaborate them, which creates a need to circulate them widely to find a match. Yet as information is not excludable, shared ideas may be stolen, reducing incentives to innovate. Still, in idea-rich environments inventors may share them without contractual protection. Idea density is enhanced by firms ensuring rewards to inventors, while their legal boundaries limit idea leakage. As firms limit idea circulation, the innovative environment involves a symbiotic interaction: firms incubate ideas and allow employees to leave if they cannot find an internal fit; markets allow for wide circulation of ideas until matched and completed; under certain circumstances ideas may be even developed in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Ideas; Innovation; Entrepreneurship; Firm Organization; Start-Ups; Industrial Organization; D83; L22; M13; O31.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60751
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The Grand Experiment of Communism: Discovering the Trade-off between Equality and Efficiency (Previously titled: Cultural Transmission and the Pendulum of Economic Systems: The Case of Communism) AgEcon
Farvaque, Etienne; Mihailov, Alexander; Naghavi, Alireza.
Current version uploaded April 2013.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Capitalism; Communism; Inequality; Inefficiency; Ideological Transmission; Economic Transitions; C72; D31; D63; D74; D83; P51.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116909
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Real Options and the WTP/WTA Disparity AgEcon
Zhao, Jinhua; Kling, Catherine L..
We present a real options model of an agent's decision to purchase or sell a good under conditions of uncertainty, irreversibility, and learning over time. Her WTP and WTA contain both the intrinsic value of the good and an option value associated with delaying the decision until more information is available. Consequently, the standard Hicksian equivalence between WTP/WTA and compen-sating and equivalent variation no longer holds. This helps to explain the WTP/WTA disparity often observed in laboratory experiments and surveys because subjects may have limited learning time and opportunities, thus generating option values. In contrast, the disparity may decrease or disappear entirely in real markets since agents are free to choose when to stop gathering...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; D60; D83; C90.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18416
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Receiving incorrect information is costly: Diffusion and accuracy of market information among farmers in northern Ghana AgEcon
Zanello, Giacomo; Shankar, Bhavani; Srinivasan, Chittur S..
The recent adoption of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs, namely mobile phones and radios) in rural areas of Sub- Saharan Africa has brought new evidence that an updated and reliable flow of information can have direct benefits for farmers' welfare. However, if correct market information can benefit the users, incorrect information can be costly. In this study we explore the diffusion (quantity) and the accuracy (quality) of price information among farmers in northern Ghana, with a focus on the role of ICTs.
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Market behaviour; Transaction costs; Information technologies; Consumer/Household Economics; International Development; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D82; D83; D84; O12; O55.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123967
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Social Learning and Parameter Uncertainty in Irreversible Investment----Evidence from Greenhouse Adoption in Northern China AgEcon
Wang, Honglin; Reardon, Thomas.
This paper introduces social learning into irreversible investment theory through parameter uncertainty, and shows that social learning could reduce parameter uncertainty to facilitate irreversible investment technology adoption. The theoretic model is tested by using household level data from energy saving greenhouse adoption in northern China, and empirical evidences are consistent with the theory: social learning has significantly positive impacts on greenhouse adoption, while market volatility discourages the adoption.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Social Learning; Technology Adoption; Irreversible Investment; Parameter Uncertainty; Energy Saving Greenhouse; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O12; O31; C61; D83; G12.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6310
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Is population growth conducive to the sustainability of cooperation? AgEcon
Stark, Oded; Jakubek, Marcin.
This paper asks whether population growth is conducive to the sustainability of cooperation. A simple model is developed in which farmers who live around a circular lake engage in trade with their adjacent neighbors. The payoffs from this activity are governed by a prisoner’s dilemma “rule of engagement.” Every farmer has one son when the population is not growing, or two sons when it is growing. In the former case, the son takes over the farm when his father dies. In the latter case, one son stays on his father’s farm, whereas the other son settles around another lake, along with the “other” sons of the other farmers. During his childhood, each son observes the strategies and the payoffs of his father and of the trading partners of his father, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Population growth; Imitation; Sustainability of cooperation; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; C72; D01; D83; J19; J62; R12; R23.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109965
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New responsibilities of agriculture: structural differences in stakeholder networks and intentions towards climate change abatement strategies in peatland AgEcon
Hübner, Rico; Kantelhardt, Jochen.
Agriculture is required to fulfil the needs and wants of society in a variety of fields: food supply, environmental services, landscape preservation and finally: climate mitigation. Using the example of land-use change in peatland in order to create possibilities for greenhouse-gas reduction, a survey about the intentions and future expectations of stakeholders was undertaken. The underlying network structure of these stakeholders in three representative peatland areas of Germany was determined and compared. The results show that considerable differences exist in the degree of knowledge about climate change and in the willingness to cooperate. Depending on the area studied, the most influential political entities are different and thus require different...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Land-use in peatland areas; Network analysis; Climate change mitigation.; Land Economics/Use; D83; D85; L31; Q54..
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51059
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Financial and Risk Management Assistance: Decision Support for Agriculture AgEcon
Klose, Steven L.; Outlaw, Joe L..
The Financial and Risk Management (FARM) Assistance program created by Texas Cooperative Extension is a strategic analysis service offered to farmers and ranchers in Texas. The program serves as an example of large-scale, focused programming by extension agencies, as well as the implementation of technical stochastic simulation methods for use on the farm.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Decision information; Decision support system; Extension programming; Farm level analysis; Outreach; Simulation; Q16; Q12; C15; D83.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43516
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Model, Model on the Screen, What's the Cost of Going Green? AgEcon
Dowlatabadi, Hadi; Boyd, David R.; MacDonald, Jamie.
How much a policy is expected to cost and who bears the brunt of that cost play a significant role in the debates that shape regulations. We do not have a good track record of predicting costs and their ultimate distribution, but systematic reviews of past assessments have identified some of the factors that lead to errors. A wide range of expected costs of climate policy have been hotly debated, but all are likely to be wrong. This does not mean that we should continue a debate using ill-informed analyses. On the contrary, we need early small experiments to shed light on key unknowns. Environmental stewardship is a long-term challenge and an adaptive regulatory approach promises to inform policy targets and improve controls through sequential regulatory...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Cost estimation; Climate policy; Modeling; Adaptive management; Environmental Economics and Policy; D21; D82; D83; F13; O31.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10806
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Bilingualism and Communicative Benefits AgEcon
Gabszewicz, Jean; Ginsburgh, Victor; Weber, Shlomo.
We examine patterns of acquiring non-native languages in a model with two languages and two populations with heterogeneous learning skills, where every individual faces a binary choice of learning the foreign language or refraining from doing so. We show that both interior and corner linguistic equilibria can emerge in our framework, and that the fraction of learners of the foreign language is higher in the country with a higher gross cost adjusted communicative benefit. It turns out that this observation is consistent with the data on language proficiency in bilingual countries such as Belgium and Canada. We also point out that linguistic equilibria can exhibit insufficient learning which opens the door for government policies that are beneficial for both...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Communicative Benefits; Linguistic Equilibrium; Learning Costs; Labor and Human Capital; C72; D83; O52; Z13.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6380
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Risk Management Education: An Examination of Crop Producers' Participation in Recent Programs and of Their Desire for Additional Training AgEcon
Knight, Thomas O.; Coble, Keith H.; Patrick, George F.; Baquet, Alan E..
Risk management education has been a focus of U.S. farm policy since 1996. In support of significant ongoing United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) educational efforts, this study examines agricultural producers’ educational needs and interests. Data obtained through a survey of crop producers are used in probit models examining interest in additional training in five areas including forward contracting, futures and options, crop yield insurance, crop revenue insurance, and financial management. The study results should be useful in determining appropriate risk management education program content and in indentifying and tailoring to specific target audiences.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Commodity futures; Commodity options; Crop insurance; Forward contracting; Risk management; D81; D83; Q16.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43164
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Non-Uniqueness of Equilibria in One-Shot Games of Strategic Communication AgEcon
Valsecchi, Irene.
The paper shows that Perfect Bayesian equilibria need not be unique in the strategic communication game of Crawford and Sobel (1982). First, different equilibrium partitions of the state space can have equal cardinality, despite fixed prior beliefs. Hence, there can be different equilibrium action profiles with the same size. Second, provided a Perfect Bayesian equilibrium exists, different message rules and beliefs can hold in other equilibria inducing the same action profile.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Sender-Receiver Games; Strategic Information Transmission; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; D83.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50404
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Web Delivery of a Monte Carlo Simulation Model: The Base and Yield Analyzer Experience AgEcon
Richardson, James W.; Outlaw, Joe L..
The provision for producers to update base acres and payment yields in the 2002 farm bill afforded an opportunity to test whether it was feasible to deliver a complex simulation model directly to producers. A Monte Carlo simulation model for assessing the economic impacts of the alternative base and yield options on individual farms was developed and made available to producers via the World Wide Web. The experiences and challenges from this collaborative extension and research effort are described, as well as the issues educators might consider before delivering complex software to a national audience via the Web.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Base and yield update; 2002 farm bill; Monte Carlo simulation; C15; D83; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43517
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Crime and Education in a Model of Information Transmission AgEcon
Cortes, Darwin; Friebel, Guido; Maldonado, Dario.
We model the decisions of young individuals to stay in school or drop-out and engage in criminal activities. We build on the literature on human capital and crime engagement and use the framework of Banerjee (1993) that assumes that the information needed to engage in crime arrives in the form of a rumor and that individuals update their beliefs about the profitability of crime relative to education. These assumptions allow us to study the effect of social interactions on crime. We first show that a society with fully rational students is less vulnerable to crime than an otherwise identical society with boundedly rational students. We also investigate the spillovers from the actions of talented students to less talented students and show that policies that...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Human Capital; The Economics of Rumors; Social Interactions; Urban Economics; Labor and Human Capital; D82; D83; I28.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96845
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Looking Beyond the Incumbent: The Effects of Exposing Corruption on Electoral Outcomes AgEcon
Chong, Alberto E.; De La O, Ana; Karlan, Dean S.; Wantchekon, Leonard.
Does information about rampant political corruption increase electoral participation and the support for challenger parties? Democratic theory assumes that offering more information to voters will enhance electoral accountability. However, if there is consistent evidence suggesting that voters punish corrupt incumbents, it is unclear whether this translates into increased support for challengers and higher political participation. We provide experimental evidence that information about copious corruption not only decreases incumbent support in local elections in Mexico, but also decreases voter turnout, challengers' votes, and erodes voters' identifcation with the party of the corrupt incumbent. Our results suggest that while flows of information are...
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Corruption; Accountability; Elections; Voting; Information; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; Public Economics; D72; D73; D82; D83.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121640
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Willingness-to-Pay, Compensating Variation, and the Cost of Commitment AgEcon
Zhao, Jinhua; Kling, Catherine L..
We present a dynamic model of an agent's decision to purchase or sell a good under conditions of uncertainty, irreversibility, and learning over time. Her WTP contains both the intrinsic value of the good and a commitment cost associated with delaying the decision until more information is available. Consequently, the standard Hicksian equivalence between WTP/WTA and compensating and equivalent variation no longer holds. This finding has important practical implications as it implies that observed WTP values are not always appropriate for welfare analysis.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; D60; D83.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18357
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