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Registros recuperados: 35
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GMOs: building the future on the basis of past experience Anais da ABC (AABC)
Reis,Luiz F.L.; Van Sluys,Marie-Anne; Garratt,Richard C.; Pereira,Humberto M.; Teixeira,Mauro M..
Biosafety of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and their derivatives is still a major topic in the agenda of government and societies worldwide. The aim of this review is to bring into light that data that supported the decision taken back in 1998 as an exercise to stimulate criticism from the scientific community for upcoming discussions and to avoid emotional and senseless arguments that could jeopardize future development in the field. It must be emphasized that Roundup Ready® soybean is just one example of how biotechnology can bring in significant advances for society, not only through increased productivity, but also with beneficial environmental impact, thereby allowing more rational use of agricultural pesticides for improvement of the soil...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Biosafety; Genetically modified organisms; Transgene.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652006000400005
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Are good ideas enough?: The impact of socio-economic and regulatory factors on GMO commercialisation Biol. Res.
Vàzquez-Salat,Núria.
In recent years scientific literature has seen an increase in publications describing new transgenic applications. Although technically-sound, these promising developments might not necessarily translate into products available to the consumer. This article highlights the impact of external factors on the commercial viability of Genetically Modified (GM) animals in the pharmaceutical and food sectors. Through the division of the production chain into three Policy Domains -Science, Market and Public- I present an overview of the broad range of regulatory and socio-economic components that impacts on the path towards commercialisation of GM animals. To further illustrate the unique combination of forces that influence each application, I provide an in-depth...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms; GM animals; Policy domains; Governance; Socio-economic factors.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602013000400002
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Genetically modified crops in Chile Ciencia e Investigación Agraria
Salazar,Erika; Montenegro,Gloria.
The economical, environmental and social impacts associated with genetically modified (GM) crops are supported by the increased use of GM species by farmers. This increase in the use of GM species has included a global increase in both the number of hectares with GM crops and the number of countries using this technology. However, the use of GM crops has some drawbacks, due to the environmental risks associated with some of the events and social risks related to intellectual property rights issues and the monopoly associated with this technology. An overview of the current status of the use of GM crops in relation to the production, benefits, associated risks, intellectual property rights, legislation and regulatory framework is presented, focusing in the...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms; Regulatory framework; Intellectual property; Chile.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000300003
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Use of real-time PCR to evaluate two DNA extraction methods from food Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.
Branquinho,Maria Regina; Ferreira,Renata Trotta Barroso; Cardarelli-Leite,Paola.
The DNA extraction is a critical step in Genetically Modified Organisms analysis based on real-time PCR. In this study, the CTAB and DNeasy methods provided good quality and quantity of DNA from the texturized soy protein, infant formula, and soy milk samples. Concerning the Certified Reference Material consisting of 5% Roundup Ready® soybean, neither method yielded DNA of good quality. However, the dilution test applied in the CTAB extracts showed no interference of inhibitory substances. The PCR efficiencies of lectin target amplification were not statistically different, and the coefficients of correlation (R²) demonstrated high degree of correlation between the copy numbers and the threshold cycle (Ct) values. ANOVA showed suitable adjustment of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: DNA extraction; Genetically modified organisms; GMO; Food analysis; Real-time PCR; Linearity.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612012000100017
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Genetically Modified Organisms at the Crossroads: Comments on "Genetically Modified Crops: Risks and Promise" by Gordon Conway Ecology and Society
Walker, Brian; CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems; Brian.Walker@csiro.au; Lonsdale, Mark; CSIRO Entomology; mark.lonsdale@ento.csiro.au.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: GMO technology; Agriculture; Ecosystem effects; Genetically modified organisms; Indirect effects; Introduced species; Risk analysis; Risk assessment.
Ano: 2000
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The influence of intelligence and emotions on the acceptability of genetically modified organisms Electron. J. Biotechnol.
Sorgo,Andrej; Jausovec,Norbert; Jausovec,Ksenija; Puhek,Miro.
The purpose of the study was to explore the relation between the acceptance of genetically modified organisms, basic emotions, general (IQ), verbal (VIQ) and procedural (PIQ) intelligence. The sample comprised 123 students of psychology (N = 65; 52.8%) and pre-service teachers (N = 58; 47.2%). There were 52 (42.3%) females and 71 males (57.7%) from one of the Slovenian universities. The conclusions of the study are as follows: a) acceptability of genetically modified organisms cannot be considered as a single group, but each GMO should be considered separately. Plants and microorganisms are much more easily to be accepted than animals and usages others than for food are more acceptable. Females showed higher level of acceptance than males. b) Among...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Acceptability; Emotions; Genetically modified organisms; Intelligence.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582012000100001
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Bt protein rhizosecreted from transgenic maize does not accumulate in soil Electron. J. Biotechnol.
Margarit,Ezequiel; Reggiardo,Martín I; Permingeat,Hugo R.
The persistence of CryIAb protein rhizosecreted in soil is important in the assessment of its environmental risk. Here we report that CryIAb protein from transgenic maize does not accumulate at high levels in soils. Levels of CryIAb protein rhizosecreted by three maize transgenic events (BT11, MON810 and 176) were studied in hydroponic cultures and found only in the MON810 and BT11 events but not in event 176 or control plants. Under field conditions, the cryIAb gene and a basal level of CryIAb protein was detected in soils from plots cultivated with transgenic and non-transgenic maize, possibly from Bacillus thuringiensis present in the soils.
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: CryIAb gene; CryIAb protein; ELISA; Genetically modified organisms; PCR; Zea mays (L.).
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582008000200004
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Semiquantitative analysis of genetically modified maize and soybean in food Electron. J. Biotechnol.
Cazzola,María Laura; Petruccelli,Silvana.
The aim of this study was to analyze quantitatively the presence of genetically modified organism in food with different composition and degree of processing. Total DNA was extracted by Dellaporta's method and GMO analysis was performed using two consecutives PCR reactions with specie specific primers (IVR and LE), screening primers (35S) and transgen specific primers (CRY and EPSPS). The quantification within the sensitivity establish by the EU was possible only in some foods (ice-cream, flours, soybean isolates and concentrates, starch). Samples with high lipid content or subjected to intense thermal treatments (such as some snacks, mayonnaise, creamy soup) could not be amplified mainly due to the presence of PCR inhibitors. Therefore the method was...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Bt maize; Genetically modified organisms; Semi-quantitative PCR; RR-soybean; Transgenic food.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582006000300028
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The relationship among knowledge of, attitudes toward and acceptance of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) among Slovenian teachers Electron. J. Biotechnol.
Sorgo,Andrej; Ambrozis-Dolinsek,Jana.
The objective of this study was to investigate knowledge about, opinions on and attitudes toward and finally readiness to accept genetically modified organisms (GMO) among Slovenian teachers. On average, they have higher levels of knowledge in classical genetics, and poor levels of knowledge about modern issues in biotechnology, and their attitudes toward GMOs are not extreme. They make decisions based on the acceptability of a particular GMO and not on GMOs in general, following two patterns: genetic modifications (GM) microorganisms and plants are more acceptable than animals, and GMOs are more acceptable if they can not be used directly for consumption and produce something recognized as useful. The relationship among knowledge of, attitudes towards and...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Acceptance; Attitudes; Biotechnology; Education; Genetically modified organisms; Knowledge.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582009000400001
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Manual de biossegurança da Embrapa Meio Ambiente: boas práticas na manipulação e condução de experimentos com organismos geneticamente modificados (OGM), do Grupo 1 e seus derivados. Infoteca-e
CAPALBO, D. M. F.; JONSSON, C. M.; MENDES, R.; PENTEADO, A. L.; PRADO, S. de S.; MOLTOCARO, R. C. R..
Resumo: Este manual constitui um guia orientador para informar, atualizar e despertar o senso crítico dos empregados e colaboradores da Embrapa Meio Ambiente durante a realização das suas atividades de pesquisa que envolvem organismos geneticamente modificados (OGM) e seus derivados.
Tipo: Livros Palavras-chave: Organismo geneticamente modificado; OGM; Biossegurança; Genetically modified organisms.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1045317
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Metodologia para transformação de soja via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Infoteca-e
KANAMORI, N.; MERTZ-HENNING, L. M.; MARIN, S. R. R..
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Organismo transgênico; Soja; Soybeans; Genetically modified organisms; Genetically modified plants.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1071918
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Lay and scientific categorizations of new breeding techniques: Implications for food policy and genetically modified organism legislation ArchiMer
Debucquet, Gervaise; Baron, Regis; Cardinal, Mireille.
The rapid development of new genetic breeding techniques is accompanied by a polarized debate around their risks. Research on the public perception of these techniques lags behind scientific developments. This study tests a method for revealing laypeople’s perceptions and attitudes about different genetic techniques. The objectives are to enable laypeople to understand the key principles of new genetic breeding techniques and to permit a comparison of their modes of classification with those of scientific experts. The combined method of a free sorting task and focus groups showed that the participants distinguished the techniques that did not induce any change in DNA sequence, and applied two different logics to classify the other breeding techniques: a...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Food policy; Genetically modified organism regulation; Genetically modified organisms; Lay categorization; New breeding techniques; And public understanding.
Ano: 2020 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00634/74604/74979.pdf
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Use of Genetically Improved and Alien Species for Aquaculture and Conservation of Aquatic Biodiversity in Africa OceanDocs
Starting from a small base, aquaculture production in Africa registered annual growth rates equal to or above those in other regions. This expansion was due to signifi cant increases in a few African countries. Increasing demand coupled with rapidly dwindling catches from capture fi sheries, the implementation of novel participatory approaches to technology development and transfer, and the emergence of a few successful large-scale tilapia culture operations directed at the export market offer opportunities for further expansion in both the small-scale and large-scale commercial sectors. Existing biotechnical, economic and institutional challenges, which include lack of national policies to guide aquaculture development, unfriendly investment policies, the...
Tipo: Proceedings Paper Palavras-chave: Genetics; Aquaculture; Aquaculture engineering; Genetically modified organisms; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34285.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/295
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A simple and reliable method for the screening of transgenic tobacco plants PAB
Freitas-Astua,Juliana; Astua-Monge,Gustavo; Polston,Jane Elisabeth; Hiebert,Ernest.
Even though much improvement has been made in plant transformation methods, the screening of transgenic plants is often a laborious work. Most approaches for detecting the transgene in transformed plants are still timeconsuming, and can be quite expensive. The objective of this study was to search for a simpler method to screen for transgenic plants. The infiltration of kanamycin (100 mg/mL) into tobacco leaves resulted in conspicuous chlorotic spots on the non-transgenic plant leaves, while no spots were seen on the leaves of transformed plants. This reaction occurred regardless of age of the tested plants, and the method has proven to be simple, fast, non-destructive, relatively cheap, and reliable. These results were comparable to those obtained by the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Kanamycin; Genetically modified organisms; Transgenic plants; Testing.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2003000700015
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THE ECONOMICS OF VALUE ENHANCED CROPS: AN ANALYSIS OF BENEFIT SHARING IN THE U.S. AgEcon
Jefferson, Kenrett Y.; Traxler, Greg.
The introduction of a second wave of product quality GMOs has the potential to provide new momentum to the agricultural biotechnology industry. The challenge facing the industry is to generate innovations that will allow them to offer a large adoption incentive while capturing sufficient revenues to support R&D investment.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Value enhanced crops; Genetically modified organisms; Monopsony markets; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19619
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Comparative analysis of the national biosafety regulatory systems in East Africa AgEcon
Jaffe, Gregory.
This paper analyzes the current and proposed biosafety systems in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda using a set of components and characteristics common to functional and protective biosafety regulatory systems. It also assesses how those systems take into account the major international legal obligations that relate to biosafety, such the Cartagena Biosafety Protocol. The paper identifies certain areas in each country’s biosafety regulatory systems where further development and clarification would improve the biosafety system, making it more functional and protective. Those areas include: (1) the addition of procedures to ensure the food safety of genetically engineered organisms; (2) the inclusion of the standard and criteria for making an approval decision;...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Biosafety; Food safety; Genetically modified organisms; Genetic engineering; Regulatory systems; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55425
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Italian Consumer Acceptance of Nutritionally Enhanced GM Food AgEcon
Canavari, Maurizio; Tisselli, Farid; Nayga, Rodolfo M., Jr.; Scarpa, Riccardo.
The aim of this article is to evaluate Italian consumers’ acceptance and willingness to purchase GM foods based on the type of benefit (input vs output trait) and product (plant based vs animal based). Two surveys were administered in two consecutive years (2004 and 2005) and the data used to test for possible changes in consumer acceptance. The results of a multinomial logit analysis suggest that on average consumer acceptance for plant-based GM food was higher in 2005. This study confirmed the key role of information strategies to consumers, with the most relevant results being the role distorted information play in raising the consumer’s level of fear and perceived risk. Respondents also place a higher level of confidence on scientists who are generally...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food; Genetically modified organisms; Consumer acceptance; Willingness to buy; Nutritionally enhanced food products; Consumer/Household Economics; Marketing; Q13.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51651
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Segregation of Grain Markets: Consequences for Price Behavior AgEcon
McNew, Kevin; Smith, Vincent H..
The introduction of genetically modified grain and oilseed products at the farm level and resistance for these products by consumer groups have led to segmentation in grain markets. This study explores the implications for market price behavior for a segregated soybean market for genetically modified (GM) and non-GM varieties. A stochastic dynamic simulation model of production and storage is solved, and Monte Carlo simulation procedures are used to examine price behavior between GM and non-GM soybeans. The results suggest important differences in price behavior between GM and non-GM soybeans. The results obtained in the model simulations are compared with evidence from the Tokyo Grain Exchange, where non-GM and GM soybean futures contracts have traded...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms; Soybeans; Storage; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30722
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Quasi-option values for enhanced information regarding genetically modified foods AgEcon
Donaghy, Peter; Rolfe, John; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
Issues concerning the long-term environmental and health risks associated with the production of genetically modified foods remain highly topical in Australia. It is unclear how consumers values for a precautionary approach to the release of genetically modified crops compares to the opportunity costs of forgoing economic growth associated with the use of these technologies. In this paper, an application of the contingent valuation method is reported. That technique was used to estimate quasi-option values held by consumers regarding a potential five year moratorium on the use of genetic modification in Australian agriculture. The results are compared to the estimated opportunity costs of imposing such a ban o Queensland consumers.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Quasi-option values; Genetically modified organisms; Contingent valuation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58403
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Economic Benefits and Costs of Biotechnology Innovations in Agriculture AgEcon
Moschini, GianCarlo.
The conceptual model necessary for an assessment of biotechnology's economic benefits and costs is outlined, emphasizing the need to account for the proprietary nature of biotechnology innovations. The model is illustrated with an application to Roundup Ready soybeans. The estimated value of this innovation is sizeable, with consumers and innovators claiming the larger share of net benefits. Also, disparities in intellectual property rights protection across countries affect the distribution of benefits. Consumer resistance toward genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and the issues of labeling and market segregation complicate the economic evaluation of biotechnology innovations, and a number of related regulation and public policy issues are discussed....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetically modified organisms; Identity preservation; Intellectual property rights; R&D; Transgenic crops; Welfare evaluation; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18413
Registros recuperados: 35
Primeira ... 12 ... Última
 

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