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| Registros recuperados: 144 | |
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| Vàzquez-Salat,Núria. |
| In recent years scientific literature has seen an increase in publications describing new transgenic applications. Although technically-sound, these promising developments might not necessarily translate into products available to the consumer. This article highlights the impact of external factors on the commercial viability of Genetically Modified (GM) animals in the pharmaceutical and food sectors. Through the division of the production chain into three Policy Domains -Science, Market and Public- I present an overview of the broad range of regulatory and socio-economic components that impacts on the path towards commercialisation of GM animals. To further illustrate the unique combination of forces that influence each application, I provide an in-depth... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms; GM animals; Policy domains; Governance; Socio-economic factors. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602013000400002 |
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| McDermott, Constance L.; Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford; constance.mcdermott@ouce.ox.ac.uk; Ituarte-Lima, Claudia; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; claudia.ituarte@su.se. |
| This paper examines the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change mechanism Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+), and its associated multitude of global to local safeguards, as they apply to a single ejido on the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. It draws on written sources and interviews to analyze the ways in which broad international norms articulated through the REDD+ safeguards, including support for human rights and sustainable livelihoods for local communities, are translated at national, regional, and local levels. Our findings indicate a wide range of perspectives on what constitutes sustainability, from strict conservation to more forest use-oriented strategies, such as community forestry and traditional Mayan shifting... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Community forest; Free prior and informed consent (FPIC); Governance; REDD+; Safeguard. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Schunko, Christoph; Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU); christoph.schunko@boku.ac.at; Corbera, Esteve; Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Department of Economics and Economic History, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; esteve.corbera@uab.cat. |
| Indigenous and rural communities have developed strategies aimed at supporting their livelihoods and protecting biodiversity. Motivational factors underlying these local conservation strategies, however, are still a largely neglected topic. We aimed to enrich the conceptualization of community-based conservation by exploring trigger events and motivations that induce local people to be engaged in practical institutional arrangements for successful natural resource management and biodiversity conservation. By examining the history and development of three community conservation initiatives in Brazil, Mexico, and Bolivia, we have illustrated and discussed two main ways of understanding community-based conservation from the interaction between extrinsic and... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Commons; Governance; Latin America; Protected areas. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Kok, Kasper; Land Dynamics Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Kasper.Kok@wur.nl; Veldkamp, Tom (A.); Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands;. |
| Policies have many unforeseen impacts on social-ecological systems at different levels of spatial and temporal scales. Partly because of this, both scale and governance have been and continue to be hotly debated and studied topics within many scientific disciplines. Although there are two distinct vocabularies, both communities seem to be struggling to come to terms with a shift that has common elements. This special feature has two types of contributions, three scoping papers, providing a state-of-the-art overview of the conceptual discussion, and six case study papers that set out to deal with the practicalities of combining scale and governance. The scoping papers strongly indicate that using the notion of complex systems, specifically the... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Governance; Scale; Social-ecological system. |
| Ano: 2011 |
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| Thieken, Annegret H.; University of Potsdam, Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Potsdam, Germany; thieken@uni-potsdam.de; Kienzler, Sarah; University of Potsdam, Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Potsdam, Germany; kienzler@uni-potsdam.de; Kreibich, Heidi; Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 5.4 Hydrology, Potsdam, Germany; heidi.kreibich@gfz-potsdam.de; Kuhlicke, Christian; Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Urban and Environmental Sociology, Leipzig, Germany; christian.kuhlicke@ufz.de; Kunz, Michael; Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany; CEDIM - Center for Disaster Management and Risk Reduction Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany; michael.kunz@kit.edu; Otto, Antje; University of Potsdam, Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Potsdam, Germany; anotto@uni-potsdam.de; Petrow, Theresia; University of Potsdam, Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Potsdam, Germany; Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 5.4 Hydrology, Potsdam, Germany; German Committee for Disaster Reduction (DKKV), Bonn, Germany; thpetrow@uni-potsdam.de; Pisi, Sebastian; German Committee for Disaster Reduction (DKKV), Bonn, Germany; sebastian.pisi@gmx.de. |
| Widespread flooding in June 2013 caused damage costs of €6 to 8 billion in Germany, and awoke many memories of the floods in August 2002, which resulted in total damage of €11.6 billion and hence was the most expensive natural hazard event in Germany up to now. The event of 2002 does, however, also mark a reorientation toward an integrated flood risk management system in Germany. Therefore, the flood of 2013 offered the opportunity to review how the measures that politics, administration, and civil society have implemented since 2002 helped to cope with the flood and what still needs to be done to achieve effective and more integrated flood risk management. The review highlights considerable improvements on many levels, in particular... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: August 2002 flood; Central Europe; Floods Directive; Governance; June 2013 flood; Risk management cycle. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Benson, Melinda Harm; University of New Mexico; mhbenson@unm.edu. |
| The Endangered Species Act (ESA) is one of the most powerful and controversial environmental laws in the United States. As a result of its uncompromising position against biodiversity loss, the ESA has become the primary driver of many ecological restoration efforts in the United States. This article explains why the ESA has become the impetus for so many of these efforts and assesses the strengths and weaknesses of the ESA as a primary driver from a resilience-based perspective. It argues that in order to accommodate resilience theory, several changes to ESA implementation and enforcement should be made. First and foremost, there is a need to shift management strategies from a species-centered to a systems-based approach. Chief among the shifts required... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article |
Palavras-chave: Endangered Species Act; Governance; Resilience; Social-ecological systems. |
| Ano: 2012 |
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| Cinnirella, Sergio; CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research; s.cinnirella@iia.cnr.it; Brennan, Ruth; The Scottish Association for Marine Science; ruth.brennan@sams.ac.uk; Barausse, Alberto; University of Padova; alberto.barausse@unipd.it; Icely, John; University of Algarve; john.icely@gmail.com; Luisetti, Tiziana; Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science; tiziana.luisetti@cefas.co.uk; Newton, Alice; University of Algarve; anewton@ualg.pt; O'Higgins, Tim; The Scottish Association for Marine Science; Tim.O\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Higgins@sams.ac.uk; Palmeri, Luca; University of Padova; lpalmeri@unipd.it; Palmieri, Maria Giovanna; University of East Anglia; M.G.Palmieri@uea.ac.uk; Raux, Pascal; University of Western Brittany; pascal.raux@univ-brest.fr; Rees, Sian; University of Plymouth; sian.rees@plymouth.ac.uk; Pirrone, Nicola; CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research; pirrone@iia.cnr.it; Turner, Kerry; University of East Anglia; r.k.turner@uea.ac.uk. |
| The Mediterranean region is of fundamental importance to Europe given its strategic position. The responsibility for its overall ecosystem integrity is shared by European Union Member States (EU-MS) and other Mediterranean countries. A juxtaposition of overlapping governance instruments occurred recently in the region, with the implementation of both the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) for EU-MS and the Ecosystem Approach Strategy (ECAP) for all Mediterranean countries, including EU-MS. Both MSFD and ECAP are structured around vision-driven processes to achieve Good Environmental Status and a Healthy Environment, respectively. These processes have clear ecosystem-based, integrated policy objectives to guarantee the preservation and integrity of... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem approach; Environmental status; Governance; Legislation implementation; Marine environment; Mediterranean; Shared vision. |
| Ano: 2014 |
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| Hoffman Babbitt, Christina; School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln; christinahoffmanm@gmail.com; Burbach, Mark; School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln; mburbach1@unl.edu; Pennisi, Lisa; School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln; lpennisi2@unl.edu. |
| To address increasing conflicts between surface water and groundwater users, the state of Nebraska has adopted a more localized and integrated approach in managing water resources. Integrated approaches offer promise in better managing connected water resources within the state; however, little review of the potential benefits and/or challenges of these actions has been conducted. This case study uses both qualitative and quantitative data collection efforts to take an in-depth look at how this new and innovative management system is working through the eyes of stakeholders living and working in the basin. Data collection reveals that overall the current water management system is working relatively well, even though it is still in its infancy. However,... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Common pool resources; Governance; Integrated water resources management; Mixed-methods research. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Anderies, John M; Arizona State University; m.anderies@asu.edu; Folke, Carl; Beijer Institute for Ecological Economics; Stockholm Resilience Center, Stockholm University; carl.folke@beijer.kva.se; Walker, Brian; CSIRO Ecosystem Science; Brian.Walker@csiro.au; Ostrom, Elinor; Indiana University; ostrom@indiana.edu. |
| Globalization, the process by which local social-ecological systems (SESs) are becoming linked in a global network, presents policy scientists and practitioners with unique and difficult challenges. Although local SESs can be extremely complex, when they become more tightly linked in the global system, complexity increases very rapidly as multi-scale and multi-level processes become more important. Here, we argue that addressing these multi-scale and multi-level challenges requires a collection of theories and models. We suggest that the conceptual domains of sustainability, resilience, and robustness provide a sufficiently rich collection of theories and models, but overlapping definitions and confusion about how these conceptual domains articulate with... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Fragility; Global change; Governance; Institutions; Resilience; Robustness; Sustainability. |
| Ano: 2013 |
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| Armitage, Derek; University of Waterloo; derek.armitage@uwaterloo.ca; Charles, Anthony T; Saint Mary's University; Tony.Charles@SMU.CA; Johnson, Derek; University of Manitoba; derek_johnson@umanitoba.ca; Allison, Edward H; The WorldFish Center and the University of East Anglia; e.allison@cgiar.org. |
| Innovative combinations of social and ecological theory are required to deal with complexity and change in human-ecological systems. We examined the interplay and complementarities that emerge by linking resilience and social well-being approaches. First, we reflected on the limitations of applying ecological resilience concepts to social systems from the perspective of social theory, and particularly, the concept of well-being. Second, we examined the interplay of resilience and well-being concepts in fostering a social-ecological perspective that promises more appropriate management and policy actions. We examined five key points of interplay: (1) the limits of optimization thinking (e.g., maximum sustainable yield), (2) the role of human agency and... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Agency; Governance; Integration; Interdisciplinarity; Policy; Sustainability; Thresholds; Transdisciplinarity; Uncertainty. |
| Ano: 2012 |
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| Folke, Carl; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; carl.folke@beijer.kva.se. |
| Overfishing has historically caused widespread stock collapses in the Southern Ocean. Until recently, illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing threatened to result in the collapse of some of the few remaining valuable fish stocks in the region and vulnerable seabird populations. Currently, this unsustainable fishing has been reduced to less than 10% of former levels. We describe and analyze the emergence of the social-ecological governance system that made it possible to curb the fisheries crisis. For this purpose, we investigated the interplay between actors, social networks, organizations, and institutions in relation to environmental outcomes. We drew on a diversity of methods, including qualitative interviews, quantitative social network and... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: CCAMLR; Governance; IUU fishing; Marine ecology; Southern Ocean; Toothfish. |
| Ano: 2013 |
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| Bush, Simon R.; Wageningen University; simon.bush@wur.nl; van Zwieten, Paul A.M.; Wageningen University; paul.vanzwieten@wur.nl; Visser, Leontine; Wageningen University; leontine.visser@wur.nl; van Dijk, Han; Wageningen University; han.vandijk@wur.nl; Bosma, Roel; Wageningen University; roel.bosma@wur.nl; de Boer, Willem F.; Wageningen University; Fred.deBoer@wur.nl; Verdegem, Marc; Wageningen University; marc.verdegem@wur.nl. |
| We contend there are currently two competing scenarios for the sustainable development of shrimp aquaculture in coastal areas of Southeast Asia. First, a landscape approach, where farming techniques for small-scale producers are integrated into intertidal areas in a way that the ecological functions of mangroves are maintained and shrimp farming diseases are controlled. Second, a closed system approach, where problems of disease and effluent are eliminated in closed recirculation ponds behind the intertidal zone controlled by industrial-scale producers. We use these scenarios as two ends of a spectrum of possible interactions at a range of scales between the ecological, social, and political dynamics that underlie the threat to the resilience of mangrove... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Coastal fisheries; Governance; Livelihood decision making; Mangrove; Shrimp-aquaculture; Social-ecological systems; South-East Asia; Trans-disciplinary research; WSSV disease. |
| Ano: 2010 |
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| Haller, Tobias; University of Bern, Institute of Social Anthropology; haller@anthro.unibe.ch; Fokou, Gilbert; NCCR North-South, University of Bern, Switzerland University of Yaounde, Cameroon; gilbertfokou@yahoo.fr; Mbeyale, Gimbage; Soikoine University, Tanzania; gimbage@yahoo.com; Meroka, Patrick; University of Zurich, Switzerland; meroka2004@yahoo.de. |
| We enlarge the notion of institutional fit using theoretical approaches from New Institutionalism, including rational choice and strategic action, political ecology and constructivist approaches. These approaches are combined with ecological approaches (system and evolutionary ecology) focusing on feedback loops and change. We offer results drawn from a comparison of fit and misfit cases of institutional change in pastoral commons in four African floodplain contexts (Zambia, Cameroon, Tanzania (two cases). Cases of precolonial fit and misfit in the postcolonial past, as well as a case of institutional fit in the postcolonial phase, highlight important features, specifically, flexible institutions, leadership, and mutual economic benefit under specific... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article |
Palavras-chave: African floodplains; Governance; Institutional change; Institutional fit; New Institutionalism; Pastoral commons. |
| Ano: 2013 |
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| Slinger, Jill H.; Delft University of Technology; j.h.slinger@tudelft.nl; Hilders, Marianne; DHV B.V. (Adviesgroep Water, Natuur en Ruimte); Marianne.Hilders@DHV.nl; Juizo, Dinis; Eduardo Mondlane University; juizo@hotmail.com. |
| The Incomati River Basin is shared by Mozambique, South Africa, and Swaziland. In August 2002, the groundbreaking “Tripartite Interim Agreement on Water Sharing of the Maputo and Incomati Rivers” (the IncoMaputo agreement) was signed. Following reports that the use, availability, and adequacy of information posed problems for future decision making on this transboundary river, the Delft University of Technology initiated a 6-month study in 2003 in which 25 southern African researchers and officials were interviewed. The Joint Incomati Basin Study (Phase I from 1992–1995, and Phase II from 2000–2001) formed a central component in the investigation, because it was viewed by the parties involved as a successful... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Causal analysis; Decision making; Governance; Information use; Institutions; International water policy; Mozambique; Networks; River-basin management; South Africa; Southern Africa; Swaziland. |
| Ano: 2010 |
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| Tuvendal, Magnus; Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University, Sweden; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; magnus.tuvendal@ecology.su.se; Elmqvist, Thomas; Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University, Sweden; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; thomase@ecology.su.se. |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Brownification; Coping; Ecosystem service; Governance; Resilience; Response strategies; Social-ecological system; Transformation. |
| Ano: 2011 |
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| Registros recuperados: 144 | |
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