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| Registros recuperados: 35 | |
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| Raynaud, Emmanuel; Sauvee, Loic; Valceschini, Egizio. |
| For many agricultural products, the quality of the final products strongly depends on different stages of the productive chain. This stresses the importance of relationships between quality signal owners and suppliers in the vertical chain. Based on a New Institutional Economics analysis, the goal of this paper is twofold: (i) to design a framework to study the links between quality signaling, coordination in the supply chains and the institutional environment, (ii) to conduct a comparative analysis to identify, compare and explain the modes of organization implemented for the governance of different quality signs. The general hypothesis is that, in order to assure the credibility of a quality signal, there must be an efficient alignment between quality... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Alignment; Credibility; Governance structures; Quality signals; Agribusiness; L14; L15; L22. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24917 |
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| Goodwin, Harold L., Jr.. |
| The poultry industry is the most vertically integrated of U.S. agriculture and food production and is rapidly progressing toward being one of the most concentrated. In 2002, the top 15 broiler states accounted for 94.4% of U.S. production. From 1982-2002, the top four broiler firms had a fivefold increase in Ready-to-Cook (R-T-C) pounds, a tripling of plants and four-and eight-firm concentration ratio increases of 27.9% to 48.2% and 44.1% to 66.6%. In a broad sense, chicken became more affordable, appealing, and available; total R-T-C pounds increased from 234 to 663 million pounds between 1982 and 2002. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Broilers; Concentration; Poultry pricing; Poultry production; Vertical integration; L11; L22; M11; Q13; R30. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43510 |
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| McLaren, John. |
| This paper provides an economic theory of the degree of formality in industrial procurement. The argument is based on a tension between two procurement goals: imposing cost discipline on the supplier, and creating the conditions for cooperative innovation. In this model, a contract can solve the cost discipline problem, but only by discouraging cooperation; a less formal arrangement provides cooperation but poor discipline. The attractiveness of contracts is smaller, the less vertically integrated the industry, because a thick market for inputs provides its own discipline incentives even without a contract. Thus, in highly integrated industries, contracts are used, while in less integrated industries business is done on handshakes. This theory of the role... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Japan-US comparisons; Subcontracting; Cooperative innovation; Industrial Organization; L14; L22. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28407 |
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| Zorska, Anna. |
| The research aims to investigate the process of globalizing innovation activity conducted by transnational corporations (TNCs), in a wider context of economic changes outside and inside companies. The process has been triggered by decentralization and internationalization of R&D, “creative transition” of foreign subsidiaries as well as implementing research networks and the open innovation model of TNCs’ innovation activity. Under the present economic crisis some slowdown and reorientation of innovation programs are implemented in order to reduce their costs and increase effectiveness. The globalization of corporate innovation activity can contribute to reaching some of TNCs’ goals both under the present crisis and the future revival of the world... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Globalization; Innovations; Economic crisis; TNC.; International Development; D21; F23; L22; O32. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94610 |
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| Sykuta, Michael E.; Klein, Peter G.; James, Harvey S., Jr.. |
| The rise of contract farming and vertical integration is one of the most important changes in modern agriculture. Yet the adoption and diffusion of these new forms of organization has varied widely across regions, commodities, or farm types, however. Transaction cost theories and the like are not fully effective at explaining the variation of adoption rates of different organizational forms, in part because of their inherent static nature. In order to explain the adoption, diffusion and evolution of organizational form, a more dynamic framework is required. This paper lays out such a framework for understanding the evolution of organizational practices in U.S. agriculture by drawing on existing theories of economic organization, the diffusion of... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Contracting; Vertical integration; Organizational innovation; Diffusion; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; L14; L22; Q13; O33. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19390 |
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| Chuma, Hiroyuki. |
| Through the use of extensive field research and an original international questionnaire, the main sources of the leapfrogging development of the Japanese machine-tool industry in the past 19 years were investigated. Past studies have emphasized the strategic R&D alliance with superlative computerized numerical control (CNC) makers, the extensive use of outsourcing from excellent precision parts suppliers, and the extraordinary development of automakers. This paper critically considered these factors and verified their inadequacy in explaining the further development of this industry in the 1990s. Hence, attention was paid to the significant roles of intrafirm factors such as: (a) the simultaneous and cross-functional information sharing system at an... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Machine-tool; Product development process; Information sharing; Industrial Organization; L10; L22; L64. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28512 |
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| Hansen, Kristiana; Kaplan, Jonathan D.; Kroll, Stephan. |
| Risk and reliability dominate water supply discussions in the arid western United States in light of increasing demand and finite, weather-dependant supply. Thus water agencies increasingly turn to contractual mechanisms such as dry-year options to manage supply risk in advance of need. Although a few water agencies across the West have implemented dry-year options, sufficient data for conventional econometric analysis do not yet exist. We thus utilize experimental economics to analyze the effect of annual dry-year options on water markets. We consider how market structure (competitive versus monopsony power) and option contract availability affect water price and allocation within a market and find that realized gains from trade are on average higher when... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D23; L22; Q25. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108722 |
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| Hellman, Thomas; Enrico, Perotti. |
| Novel early stage ideas face uncertainty on the expertise needed to elaborate them, which creates a need to circulate them widely to find a match. Yet as information is not excludable, shared ideas may be stolen, reducing incentives to innovate. Still, in idea-rich environments inventors may share them without contractual protection. Idea density is enhanced by firms ensuring rewards to inventors, while their legal boundaries limit idea leakage. As firms limit idea circulation, the innovative environment involves a symbiotic interaction: firms incubate ideas and allow employees to leave if they cannot find an internal fit; markets allow for wide circulation of ideas until matched and completed; under certain circumstances ideas may be even developed in... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Ideas; Innovation; Entrepreneurship; Firm Organization; Start-Ups; Industrial Organization; D83; L22; M13; O31. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60751 |
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| Registros recuperados: 35 | |
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