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Computer simulations for biological aging and sexual reproduction Anais da ABC (AABC)
STAUFFER,DIETRICH; OLIVEIRA,PAULO M.C. DE; OLIVEIRA,SUZANA MOSS DE; PENNA,THADEU J.P.; MARTINS,JORGE S. SÁ.
The sexual version of the Penna model of biological aging, simulated since 1996, is compared here with alternative forms of reproduction as well as with models not involving aging. In particular we want to check how sexual forms of life could have evolved and won over earlier asexual forms hundreds of million years ago. This computer model is based on the mutation-accumulation theory of aging, using bits-strings to represent the genome. Its population dynamics is studied by Monte Carlo methods.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Parthenogenesis; Genome; Menopause; Testosterone; Monte Carlo simulation.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652001000100003
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General results for the Marshall and Olkin's family of distributions Anais da ABC (AABC)
BARRETO-SOUZA,WAGNER; LEMONTE,ARTUR J.; CORDEIRO,GAUSS M..
Abstract Marshall and Olkin (1997) introduced an interesting method of adding a parameter to a well-established distribution. However, they did not investigate general mathematical properties of their family of distributions. We provide for this family of distributions general expansions for the density function, explicit expressions for the moments and moments of the order statistics. Several especial models are investigated. We discuss estimation of the model parameters. An application to a real data set is presented for illustrative purposes.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Marshall-Olkin extended distribution; Maximum likelihood estimation; Monte Carlo simulation; Rényi entropy.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652013000100003
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Use of the correlation between input variables in estimating the risk of feedlot finishing of steers and young steers Anais da ABC (AABC)
PACHECO,PAULO S.; RESTLE,JOÃO; PASCOAL,LEONIR L.; VAZ,FABIANO N.; VAZ,RICARDO Z.; VALENÇA,KAROLINE G.; OLEGARIO,JANAINE L..
The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of feedlot finishing of steers (22.8 months) and young steers (15.2 months), using or not a correlation between the random input variables (data collected from 2004 to 2010) in the simulation of the Net Present Value (NPV) financial indicator. The animals were fed a diet containing roughage:concentrate ratio of 60:40 for 34 and 143 days, respectively, until they had reached a predetermined slaughter weight of 430 kg. For the NPV simulation, Latin Hypercube sampling was used, with 2000 interactions. The stochastic dominance analysis, test of differences between pairs of curves of cumulative distributions and sensitivity analysis were carried out. The NPV simulation using the correlation resulted in the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Investment analysis; Investment projects; Monte Carlo simulation; Nonparametric statistics; Probabilistic analysis; Production of young bulls.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652014000200945
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Thyroid cell irradiation by radioiodines: a new Monte Carlo electron track-structure code BABT
Champion,Christophe; Elbast,Mouhamad; Wu,Ting-Di; Colas-Linhart,Nicole.
The most significant impact of the Chernobyl accident is the increased incidence of thyroid cancer among children who were exposed to short-lived radioiodines and 131-iodine. In order to accurately estimate the radiation dose provided by these radioiodines, it is necessary to know where iodine is incorporated. To do that, the distribution at the cellular level of newly organified iodine in the immature rat thyroid was performed using secondary ion mass microscopy (NanoSIMS50). Actual dosimetric models take only into account the averaged energy and range of beta particles of the radio-elements and may, therefore, imperfectly describe the real distribution of dose deposit at the microscopic level around the point sources. Our approach is radically different...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Thyroid; Iodine radioisotopes; Monte Carlo simulation; Cellular dosimetry.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132007000600017
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Measurement uncertainty of dissolution test of acetaminophen immediate release tablets using Monte Carlo simulations BJPS
Romero,Daniel Cancelli; Lourenço,Felipe Rebello.
ABSTRACT Analytical results are widely used to assess batch-by-batch conformity, pharmaceutical equivalence, as well as in the development of drug products. Despite this, few papers describing the measurement uncertainty estimation associated with these results were found in the literature. Here, we described a simple procedure used for estimating measurement uncertainty associated with the dissolution test of acetaminophen tablets. A fractionate factorial design was used to define a mathematical model that explains the amount of acetaminophen dissolved (%) as a function of time of dissolution (from 20 to 40 minutes), volume of dissolution media (from 800 to 1000 mL), pH of dissolution media (from 2.0 to 6.8), and rotation speed (from 40 to 60 rpm). Using...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Acetaminophen tablets/dissolution test/measurement uncertainty; Monte Carlo simulation.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502017000300613
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Financial and risk analysis of African mahogany plantations in Brazil Ciência e Agrotecnologia
Ribeiro,Andressa; Silva,Carolina Souza Jarochinski e; Ferraz Filho,Antonio Carlos; Scolforo,José Roberto Soares.
ABSTRACT Wood demand is increasing in quality and quantity, and economic studies are fundamental to analyze the feasibility of forest projects. These researches are in line with management and silvicultural studies, highlighting growth and yield modeling. This paper proposes an economic evaluation of implementation of African mahogany stands in Brazil under different perspectives of forest management. Data are from plantations ranging from 1.1 to 15 years old in different Brazilian regions. Financial analysis was undertaken using Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Equal Annual Equivalent (EAE) for a 20-year period considering three thinning management regimes (A - unthinned, B - one thinning at age 10 years remaining 150 trees ha-1...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Forest investment; Monte Carlo simulation; Financial risk..
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-70542018000200148
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Estimating the bioenergy potential of Pinus radiata plantations in Chile Ciencia e Investigación Agraria
Acuña,Eduardo; Espinosa,Miguel; Cancino,Jorge; Rubilar,Rafael; Muñoz,Fernando.
The bioenergy potential for electricity and ethanol production of Pinus radiata D. Don plantations in Chile was modeled, on a regional basis, using radiata pine plantations areas by age class. Wood basic density equations based on age and growing region, wood moisture content variability, and the effciency of a hypothetical power plant were used to estimate the amount of electricity produced by biomass at harvesting age including logging residues. Bioethanol yield was estimated at 275 L t-1 of dry biomass. The uncertainty of the bioenergy production were analyzed using probabilistic distribution functions and an estimate of 1.83 million ha-1 of radiata pine plantations by year 2030. Parameters considered for the uncertainty analyses included the rotation...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Bioenergy; Bioethanol; Biomass; Radiata pine; Logging residues; Monte Carlo simulation.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000100009
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Pruebas para la distribución exponencial con dos parámetros. Colegio de Postgraduados
Celis Euán, David Israel.
En el análisis estadístico de tiempos de vida, la distribución exponencial ha sido tomada como referencia en las áreas de Análisis de Supervivencia y teoría de Confiabilidad. En el presente trabajo se propone una prueba basada en la razón de dos estimadores insesgados del cuadrado del parámetro de escala. Para poder hacer la prueba de exponencialidad, el análisis de la prueba propuesta se divide en dos casos. Un caso se dá cuando el parámetro de localidad es cero, y el otro caso cuando ambos parámetros son desconocidos y distintos de cero. De los estudios de pruebas de exponencialidad realizadas por D’Agostino y Stephens(1984), se deduce que la prueba Cox-Oakes es de las más potentes que existen en la actualidad. Otra prueba de interés es la de Shapiro-...
Palavras-chave: Prueba estadística; Simulación Monte Carlo; Potencia; Tamaño de la prueba; Pruebas de bondad de ajuste; Goodness of fit tests; Statistical test; Monte Carlo simulation; Power; Size of the test; Maestría; Estadística.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/703
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Pruebas de bondad de ajuste de bootstrap para la distribución log-gamma generalizada. Colegio de Postgraduados
Gutiérrez González, Eduardo.
Este trabajo trata sobre las pruebas de bondad de ajuste para la distribución log-gamma generalizada. El estudio se lleva a efecto siguiendo los pasos de las pruebas bootstrap de bondad de ajuste. El trabajo se realiza en 4 capítulos, los dos primeros muestran un desarrollo analítico detallado sobre la distribución log-gamma y sus propiedades, mientras que en los dos últimos capítulos se hace el desarrollo por simulación del tamaño y potencia de la prueba En el desarrollo analítico se formulan y demuestran varios resultados relacionados con la existencia y unicidad de tres estimadores para el parámetro de forma de la distribución log-gamma generalizada en su forma estándar. Además se realiza un estudio analítico detallado sobre el comportamiento asintótico...
Palavras-chave: Distribución log-gamma generalizada; Parámetro de forma; Pruebas de bondad de ajuste; Pruebas de bootstrap; Simulación Monte Carlo; Generalized log-gamma standard distribution; Shape parameter; Goodness of fit tests; Bootstrap test; Monte Carlo simulation; Doctorado; Estadística.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/92
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Pruebas de bondad de ajuste de bootstrap para la distribución log-gamma generalizada. Colegio de Postgraduados
Gutiérrez González, Eduardo.
Este trabajo trata sobre las pruebas de bondad de ajuste para la distribución log-gamma generalizada. El estudio se lleva a efecto siguiendo los pasos de las pruebas bootstrap de bondad de ajuste. El trabajo se realiza en 4 capítulos, los dos primeros muestran un desarrollo analítico detallado sobre la distribución log-gamma y sus propiedades, mientras que en los dos últimos capítulos se hace el desarrollo por simulación del tamaño y potencia de la prueba En el desarrollo analítico se formulan y demuestran varios resultados relacionados con la existencia y unicidad de tres estimadores para el parámetro de forma de la distribución log-gamma generalizada en su forma estándar. Además se realiza un estudio analítico detallado sobre el comportamiento asintótico...
Palavras-chave: Distribución log-gamma generalizada; Parámetro de forma; Pruebas de bondad de ajuste; Pruebas de bootstrap; Simulación Monte Carlo; Generalized log-gamma standard distribution; Shape parameter; Goodness of fit tests; Bootstrap test; Monte Carlo simulation; Doctorado; Estadística.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/92
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Prueba de bondad de ajuste para la distribución poisson basada en el índice de dispersión de fisher. Colegio de Postgraduados
Bravo Hernández, Faustino.
Considerando el Índice de Dispersión de Fisher se estableció una Prueba de Bondad de Ajuste, que permite afirmar con cierta confiabilidad que los datos en cuestión se distribuyen de acuerdo a la Distribución Poisson. Para la realización de está, se determinaron sus propiedades, mediante el uso de la Teoría Asintótica y la Simulación de Monte Carlo. Se concluye que la Potencia de la Prueba propuesta, tanto para los diferentes tamaños de muestra, como para los diferentes niveles de significancia, son mayores que las de las pruebas de bondad de ajuste consideradas como comparación en este estudio. Por lo tanto se demuestra que es mejor la Prueba de Bondad de ajuste para la distribución Poisson basada en el Índice de Dispersión de Fisher. _______________...
Palavras-chave: Indice de Dispersión de Fisher; Prueba de Bondad de Ajuste; Distribución Poisson; Teoría Asintótica; Simulación de Monte Carlo; Potencia de la Prueba; Fisher's dispersion index; Goodness of fit test; Poisson distribution; Asymptotic theory; Monte Carlo simulation; Power of a test; Estadística; Maestría.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1686
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Simulation-based management strategy evaluation: ignorance disguised as mathematics? ArchiMer
Rochet, Marie-joelle; Rice, Jake C..
Simulation-based management strategy evaluations are increasingly developed and used for science advice in support of fisheries management, along with risk evaluation and decision analysis. These methods tackle the problem of uncertainty in fisheries systems and data by modelling uncertainty in two ways. For quantities that are difficult to measure accurately or are inherently variable, variables are replaced by probability distributions, and system dynamics are simulated by Monte Carlo simulations, drawing numbers from these distributions. For processes that are not fully understood, arrays of model formulations that might underlie the observed patterns are developed, each is assumed successively, and the results of the corresponding arrays of model...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Uncertainty; Risk estimates; Monte Carlo simulation; Management strategy evaluation.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6361.pdf
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Scale Accuracy Evaluation of Image-Based 3D Reconstruction Strategies Using Laser Photogrammetry ArchiMer
Istenič, Klemen; Gracias, Nuno; Arnaubec, Aurelien; Escartín, Javier; Garcia, Rafael.
Rapid developments in the field of underwater photogrammetry have given scientists the ability to produce accurate 3-dimensional (3D) models which are now increasingly used in the representation and study of local areas of interest. This paper addresses the lack of systematic analysis of 3D reconstruction and navigation fusion strategies, as well as associated error evaluation of models produced at larger scales in GPS-denied environments using a monocular camera (often in deep sea scenarios). Based on our prior work on automatic scale estimation of Structure from Motion (SfM)-based 3D models using laser scalers, an automatic scale accuracy framework is presented. The confidence level for each of the scale error estimates is independently assessed through...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Photogrammetry; Metrology; Underwater 3D reconstruction; Structure-from-motion; Navigation fusion; Multiobjective BA; Laser scalers; Monte Carlo simulation; Uncertainty estimation; Scale drift evaluation; Laser spot detection.
Ano: 2019 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00515/62643/67020.pdf
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Monte-Carlo based channel characterization for underwater optical communication ArchiMer
Gabriel, Chadi; Khalighi, Mohammad-ali; Bourennane, Salah; Leon, Pierre; Rigaud, Vincent.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Beam scattering; Channel delay spread; Henyey-Greenstein model; Monte Carlo simulation; Underwater optical communication; Underwater wireless sensor network.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00120/23110/20958.pdf
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3-D slope stability analysis: A probability approach applied to the nice slope (SE France) ArchiMer
Leynaud, Didier; Sultan, Nabil.
Recent geophysical and geotechnical data acquired on the Nice shelf to the east of the 1979 landslide source area, Suggest slow deformations processes which could lead to future catastrophic slope failure. According to these preliminary interpretations, it is of major interest to perform a slope stability evaluation to define the hazard and quantify the danger related to a probable instability on this slope. A probabilistic approach is proposed here using a modified version of the SAMU_3D model, a 3-D slope stability software recently developed by Sultan and others to account for complex geometry. The 3-D analysis is based on the upper bound theorem of plasticity developed by Chen and others. One of the main features of the original model is to allow...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Probabilistic analysis; Slope stability; Monte Carlo simulation; Shear zone.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00002/11290/7828.pdf
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SNP and SML estimation of univariate and bivariate binary–choice models AgEcon
De Luca, Giuseppe.
We discuss the semi-nonparametric approach of Gallant and Nychka (1987, Econometrica 55: 363–390), the semiparametric maximum likelihood approach of Klein and Spady (1993, Econometrica 61: 387–421), and a set of new Stata commands for semiparametric estimation of three binary-choice models. The first is a univariate model, while the second and the third are bivariate models without and with sample selection, respectively. The proposed estimators are √n consistent and asymptotically normal for the model parameters of interest under weak assumptions on the distribution of the underlying error terms. Our Monte Carlo simulations suggest that the efficiency losses of the semi-nonparametric and the semiparametric maximum likelihood estimators relative to a...
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Snp; Snp2; Snp2s; Sml; Sml2s; Binary-choice models; Semi-nonparametric approach; SNP estimation; Semiparametric maximum likelihood; SML estimation; Monte Carlo simulation; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122586
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An integrated simulation model to evaluate national policies for the abatement of agricultural nutrients in the Baltic Sea AgEcon
Hyytiainen, Kari; Ahtiainen, Heini; Heikkila, Jaakko; Helin, Janne; Huhtala, Anni; Iho, Antti; Koikkalainen, Kauko; Miettinen, Antti; Pouta, Eija; Vesterinen, Janne.
This study introduces a prototype model for evaluating policies to abate agricultural nutrients in the Baltic Sea from a Finnish national point of view. The stochastic simulation model integrates nutrient dynamics of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sea basins adjoining the Finnish coast, nutrient loads from land and other sources, benefits from nutrient abatement (in the form of recreation and other ecosystem services) and the costs of agricultural abatement activities. The aim of this study is to present the overall structure of the model and to demonstrate its potential using preliminary parameters. The model is made flexible for further improvements in all of its ecological and economic components. Results of a sensitivity analysis suggest that...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Nutrient abatement; Monte Carlo simulation; Recreation; Valuation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49896
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IST EINE REDUZIERUNG DES PFLANZENSCHUTZMITTELEINSATZES IM FREILANDGEMÜSEBAU MÖGLICH? ERGEBNISSE EINES BIOÖKONOMISCHEN SIMULATIONSMODELLS AgEcon
Dirksmeyer, Walter.
In field vegetable production pesticide a levels are very high although pest control technologies are known, which require much less pesticides than the commonly applied control technologies. A stochastic bio-economic simulation model is used to determine the net return derived from the application of different pest control technologies in carrot, leek and onion production. Following the concept of stochastic dominance efficient technologies can be identified. Results reveal that it is possible to reduce pesticide use levels in field vegetable production if alternative control technologies are applied. This is possible without losses in net return on farm level and without increasing risk of field vegetable production. Der Einsatz von...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Pflanzenschutz; Gemüsebau; Stochastische Simulation; Stochastische Dominanz; Pest control vegetable production; Bio-economic simulation; Monte Carlo simulation; Stochastic dominance; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7592
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CUSTO DE PRODUÇÃO DO ABACAXI ‘PÉROLA’ IRRIGADO EM CONDIÇÕES DE RISCO, NO ESTADO DA BAHIA. AgEcon
Pedreira, Ernani Macedo; Cardoso, Carlos Estevao Leite; Guerreiro, Mariana Sampaio Silva; Almeida, Otavio Alvares De; Souza, Luiz Francisco Da Silva.
O abacaxizeiro é uma planta de clima tropical, que apresenta crescimento adequado em grande parte das condições climáticas encontradas no Brasil, sobretudo na Bahia. No entanto necessita de chuvas bem distribuídas para não prejudicar seu crescimento e/ou desenvolvimento e, conseqüentemente, a produção. Este trabalho objetiva avaliar a viabilidade financeira do sistema de produção da cultura do abacaxi irrigado, em condições de risco. A metodologia utilizada consistiu no levantamento de dados primários, referentes aos vetores de preços dos insumos e dos produtos. Com base na matriz de coeficientes técnicos realizou-se a análise de rentabilidade em condições determinística e em condições de risco, utilizando-se o método de simulação de Monte Carlo. A partir...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Viabilidade econômica; Simulação Monte Carlo; Semi-árido; Economic viability; Monte Carlo simulation; Semi-arid; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112695
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Simulation in inventory management AgEcon
Marcikic, Aleksandra; Radovanov, Boris.
In this paper inventory management is analyzed as an organic part of the supply chain managing process. In today’s competitive economic environment traditional inventory policies should be improved. Simulation models enable a priori managing and analyzing variety of possible results and implication of selected inventory policies. The model presented in this paper uses the Monte Carlo simulation method and variables taken as random, in order to depict a harmonization and integration of dynamic quantitative analysis and theoretical, qualitative concepts of inventory management.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Monte Carlo simulation; Modeling; Inventory management; Supply chain management.; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C15; C63.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94592
Registros recuperados: 37
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