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	Provedor de dados 31 (97) Autor Buchenrieder, Gertrud (5) Mollers, Judith (4) Niebuhr, Annekatrin (4) Florax, Raymond J.G.M. (3) Whitacre, Brian E. (3) Ambrosio Albala, Mateo (2) Cameron, Michael P. (2) Davis, Benjamin (2) Espey, Molly (2) Lim, Steven (2) Lin, Huiyan (2) Monasterolo, Irene (2) Perez Hernandez, Pedro Pablo (2) Ranis, Gustav (2) Stewart, Frances (2) Zezza, Alberto (2) Albala, Ambrosio M. (1) Albertshauser, Ulrich (1) Almeida, Eduardo Simões de (1) Amador-Hidalgo, Francisco (1) Mais... Palavra-chave O18 (97) Community/Rural/Urban Development (41) R11 (16) Rural development (13) International Development (10) O13 (10) Food Security and Poverty (9) Labor and Human Capital (9) R58 (9) Land Economics/Use (8) O15 (8) R12 (8) Agribusiness (7) Agricultural and Food Policy (7) Consumer/Household Economics (7) Environmental Economics and Policy (6) P25 (6) Q12 (6) C21 (5) O12 (5) Mais... Tipo do documento Conference Paper or Presentation (45) Working or Discussion Paper (32) Journal Article (16) Article (1) Book (1) Presentation (1) Report (1) Mais... Ano 2012 (1) 2011 (8) 2010 (12) 2009 (13) 2008 (9) 2007 (9) 2006 (16) 2005 (11) 2004 (5) 2002 (5) 2001 (4) 2000 (2) 1999 (1) 1996 (1) Mais... País United States (97) Idioma Inglês (91) Alemão (2) Espanhol (2) Português (2)		Ordenar por:  Relevância Autor Título Ano Registros recuperados: 97 Primeira ... 1 2 3 4 5 ... Última Why Do Rural Firms Live Longer? 31 Yu, Li; Orazem, Peter F.; Jolly, Robert W.. Rural firms have a higher survival rate than urban firms. Over the first 13 years after firm entry, the hazard rate for firm exits is persistently higher for urban firms. While differences in firm attributes explain some of the rural-urban gap in firm survival, rural firms retain a survival advantage 18.5% greater than observationally equivalent urban firms. We argue that in competitive markets, the remaining survival advantage for rural firms must be attributable to unobserved factors that must be known at the time of entry. A plausible candidate for such a factor is thinner markets for the capital of failed rural firms. The implied lower salvage value of rural firms suggests that firms sorting into rural markets must have a higher probability of success... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Rural; Urban; Entry; Exit; Survival; Sorting; Salvage value; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Financial Economics; Industrial Organization; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Risk and Uncertainty; O18; L21; D92. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54081 Spatial Development 31 Desmet, Klaus; Rossi-Hansberg, Esteban. We present a theory of spatial development. A continuum of locations in a geographic area choose each period how much to innovate (if at all) in manufacturing and services. Locations can trade subject to transport costs and technology diffuses spatially across locations. The result is an endogenous growth theory that can shed light on the link between the evolution of economic activity over time and space. We apply the model to study the evolution of the U.S. economy in the last few decades and find that the model can generate the reduction in the employment share in manufacturing, the increase in service productivity in the second part of the 1990s, the increase in land rents in the same period, as well as several other spatial and temporal patterns. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Dynamic Spatial Models; Growth; Innovation; Land Rent Evolution; Structural Transformation; Technology Diffusion; Trade; Community/Rural/Urban Development; E32; O11; O18; O33; R12. Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59852 Growth and Human Development: Comparative Latin American Experience 31 Ranis, Gustav; Stewart, Frances. This paper seeks to examine the interdependence between economic growth (EG) and human development (HD). It is concerned with changes in per capita income and its two-way relationship with the basic societal objective of human development. Regressions across various Latin American countries are run for 1960-92. Country performance is separated into virtuous/vicious cycles or HD/EG lopsidedness. The study makes an attempt to correct the commonly held view that ensuring increases in economic growth automatically leads to advances in human development. Human development has to occur prior to or simultaneous with improvements in economic growth, if a country is to reach a virtuous cycle. The Latin American experience indicates that a balanced approach to... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Human development; Economic growth; Latin America; Labor and Human Capital; O18. Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28376 INTERREGIONALE DISPARITATEN UND ENTWICKLUNG LANDLICHER RAUME ALS REGIONALPOLITISCHE HERAUSFORDERUNG FUR DIE NEUEN EU-MITGLIEDSSTAATEN 31 Baum, Sabine; Weingarten, Peter. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Seit Beginn der Transformation haben in den Ländern Mittel- und Osteuropas (MOEL) die interregionalen Disparitäten zugenommen. Insbesondere die Stadt-Land-Gegensätze haben sich verstärkt. Dieser Beitrag zeigt die Entwicklung der Disparitäten auf und diskutiert auf der Basis theoretischer Überlegungen und politischer Ziele die Notwendigkeit und Ausgestaltung regionalpolitischer Maßnahmen. Bei der ländlichen Entwicklung in den neuen EU-Mitglied-staaten kommt den Bereichen Institutionenaufbau, Wettbewerbsfähigkeit des Agrarsektors, außer-landwirtschaftliche Einkommensquellen und Arbeitsmobilität eine große Bedeutung zu. Diese Maßnahmen sollten den spezifischen Charakteristika der jeweiligen Gebiete angepasst sein. Die regionalpolitischen... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Regional disparities; Rural area; Regional policy; Structural policy; Central and Eastern Europe; EU Eastern Enlargement; Regional types; Community/Rural/Urban Development; P25; R58; O18. Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14899 Migration, Household Composition, and Child Welfare in Rural Northeast Thailand 31 Cameron, Michael P.; Lim, Steven. In many developing countries the composition of rural households is influenced by the migration of adult household members to urban locations in search of employment. Children may be left in the care of their mother alone, or in the care of grandparents when both parents have migrated. Using representative data from a household survey conducted in rural Northeast Thailand in 2003, this paper investigates whether household composition has any effect on the welfare of children, as measured by anthropometric measurements including height-for-age, weight-for-age, and weight-for-height. Our findings suggest that household types other than nuclear families result in some significantly worse child nutritional outcomes. The implication is that governments should... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Migration; Household composition; Children; Thailand; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; I31; O15; O18. Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98508 Prospective Structural Analysis: An application to Rural Development Strategies 31 Albala, Ambrosio M.; Lozano, Martin J.M.; Perez Hernandez, Pedro Pablo. The Council Regulation (EC) 1698/2005 approved on 20th September 2005 was the starting point of the fourth programme of Rural Development Aid for the period 2007- 2013. This communitarian programme affects Andalusia, an European region situated in the south of Spain. The authors of this paper have helped in the elaboration of the rural strategy for this region. We would like especially to point out the use of the Prospective Structural Analysis (PSA) methodology as a competent method to analyse the complexity of elements, variables and present interactions in rural zones as well as to understand variables in the present and future situation. Results obtained with the application of the PSA method to a region show the strength of this methodology in order... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Rural Development; Strategic Analyses; Prospective Structural Analyses; Community/Rural/Urban Development; O18. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50929 Monitoring Poverty without Consumption Data: an Application Using the Albania Panel Survey 31 Azzarri, Carlo; Carletto, Calogero; Davis, Benjamin; Zezza, Alberto. In developing countries poverty is generally measured with expenditure data. Such data are difficult and costly to obtain and it is generally recommended to collect them every 3-5 years. In between surveys, however, there is a clear need to provide policymakers with information for the monitoring of poverty trends. The paper reviews several such methods and compares the poverty estimates and trends resulting from their application to a panel dataset for Albania. The results are broadly consistent across methods and point to an overall improvement in welfare conditions over time, although the magnitude of the changes differs by locale, with urban areas showing a larger improvement than their rural counterparts. However, given the sensitivity of the... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Poverty; Welfare; Asset index; Poverty measurement; Poverty monitoring.; Food Security and Poverty; O12; O18; O47; R11. Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23809 Die Osterweiterung aus raumwirtschaftlicher Perspektive - Prognosen regionalokonomischer Theorien und Erfahrungen aus der bisherigen Integration in Europa 31 Lammers, Konrad. Im Zuge der Osterweiterung der Europäischen Union eröffnen sich für die Beitrittskandidatenländer gute Möglichkeiten, wirtschaftliche Aktivitäten aus Westeuropa und anderswo zu attrahieren und im Pro-Kopf-Einkommen aufzuholen. Der Aufholprozess der Beitrittsländer wird jedoch von zunehmender regionaler Divergenz in diesen Ländern begleitet sein. Diese Einschätzung beruht auf den Erfahrungen bei früheren Integrationsprozessen in Europa, insbesondere bei der Süderweiterung, und der ökonomischen Entwicklung in den Kohäsionsländern. Die bisherige Entwicklung der Beitrittskandidatenländer, die im Hinblick auf Handels- und Direktinvestitionsverflechtungen bereits in hohem Maße mit Westeuropa verflochten sind, bestätigen diese Einschätzungen. In the course of... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Enlargement; Regional convergence; Integration; Economic geography; Political Economy; F15; O52; O18; R12. Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26126 Eco-eficiência na Produção de Cera de Carnaúba no Município de Campo Maior, Piauí, 2004 31 Carvalho, Francisco Prancacio Araujo de; Gomes, Jaira Maria Alcobaca. The Copernicia prunifera (Miller) H.E. Moore or “carnauba” generates a material from the leaves used in the wax production, raw material of countless industrial products. Brazil is the only producer of carnauba wax and the state of Piauí, an important influential. In this, the natural conditions of the district of Campo Maior favor the incidence of the carnauba and its historical tradition in the wax production, turned it a regional pole. The general goal is to analyze, in the carnauba wax production, the elements and the eco-efficiency indicators - economical efficiency associated with low environmental impact. The specific goals are: to evaluate, qualitatively, the materials and energy consumption, toxic substances emissions, existence of recycling of... Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Carnauba wax. Eco-efficiency. Brazil Northeast. State of Piauí.; Agribusiness; O18; Q01; Q2; M14. Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61245 Productivity, Geography, and the Export Decision of Chilean Farms 31 Echeverria, Rodrigo; Gopinath, Munisamy. This article analyzes the export participation of Chilean farms and the relative importance of farm-specific and geographic characteristics in this decision. An export behavior model is estimated using data on 8,284 Chilean farms and a two-stage conditional maximum likelihood procedure. Farm efficiency has a relatively stronger effect than the combined effect of geographic characteristics in increasing the probability of export participation. Farms with skilled (managerial) labor and in regions with higher human capital also have a relatively higher probability of producing for the export market. However, for geographic characteristics to positively affect export participation, farms must achieve a minimum level of efficiency. Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural Trade; Chile; Export Participation; Geography; Productivity.; Farm Management; International Relations/Trade; F11; O13; O18. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25687 Trade and Geography in the Economic Origins of Islam: Theory and Evidence 31 Michalopoulos, Stelios; Naghavi, Alireza; Prarolo, Giovanni. This research examines the economic origins of Islam and uncovers two empirical regularities. First, Muslim countries, virtual countries and ethnic groups, exhibit highly unequal regional agricultural endowments. Second, Muslim adherence is systematically larger along the pre-Islamic trade routes in the Old World. The theory argues that this particular type of geography (i) determined the economic aspects of the religious doctrine upon which Islam was formed, and (ii) shaped its subsequent economic performance. It suggests that the unequal distribution of land endowments conferred differential gains from trade across regions, fostering predatory behavior from the poorly endowed ones. In such an environment it was mutually beneficial to institute a system... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Religion; Islam; Geography; Physical Capital; Human Capital; Land Inequality; Wealth Inequality; Trade; Labor and Human Capital; O10; O13; O16; O17; O18; F10; Z12. Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91008 Path Dependence, Institutions and the Density of Economic Activities: Evidence from Italian Cities 31 Percoco, Marco. In recent years a growing body of literature has begun to consider the possible presence of path dependence in the development processes of countries. This phenomenon has always been recognized in regional and urban studies because the path of development almost naturally follows a history-dependent spatial diffusion influenced by both physical geography and the quality of institutions. In this paper, I consider the case of firm concentration in Italy and its impact on local development. A large and growing literature has argued in favour of persisting effects of past institutions on current outcomes. Hence, in order to identify the impact of firm density on income, I use instruments from the history of a set of Italian cities: namely the presence of a... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Path dependence; Urban development; Geography; Institutions; Firm density; Community/Rural/Urban Development; O18; R12. Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94792 How Important is Economic Geography for Rural Non-Agricultural Employment? Lessons from Brazil 31 Jonasson, Erik; Helfand, Steven M.. By paying particular attention to the local economic context, this paper analyzes rural non-agricultural employment and earnings in non-agricultural jobs. The empirical analysis is based on the Brazilian Demographic Census, allowing for disaggregated controls for the local economy. Education stands out as one of the key factor for shaping employment outcome and earnings potential. Failure to control for locational effects can lead to biased estimation of the importance of individual and household-specific characteristics. The empirical results show that local market size and distance to population centers have a significant impact on both non-agricultural employment prospects and earnings. The impact, however, is quantitatively larger for employment. Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Rural non-agricultural employment; Economic geography; Brazil; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; O18; Q1; R1. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51150 A Conjoint Analysis of the U.S. Broiler Complex Location Decision 31 Harrison, R. Wes; Sambidi, Pramod R.. A national survey of broiler industry executives is conducted to analyze site-specific factors related to the broiler-complex location problem. Conjoint analysis is used to analyze the broiler complex location decision. Feed costs, community attitude toward the broiler industry, availability of geographically concentrated growers, unemployment rates, and wage rates were found to be the top five factors affecting broiler company location decisions. The quality of roads between feed mill and growers; electricity, heating, water, and sewage costs; and the number of potential growers in the region were also found to be important. Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Broilers; Conjoint analysis; Location; Poultry industry; R12; O18. Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43457 Application of Prospective Structural Analysis to Rural Development Strategy 31 Ambrosio Albala, Mateo; Martin Lozano, Jose Manuel; Perez Hernandez, Pedro Pablo. The Council Regulation (EC) 1698/2005 approved on 20th September 2005 was the starting point of the fourth programme of Rural Development Aid for the period 2007-2013. This communitarian programme affects Andalusia, an European region situated in the south of Spain. The authors of this paper have helped in the elaboration of the rural strategy for this region. We would specially like to point out the use of the Prospective Structural Analysis (PSA) methodology as a competent method to analyse the complexity of elements, variables and present interactions in rural zones as well as to understand variables in the present and future situation. Results obtained with the application of the PSA method to a region show the strength of this methodology in order to... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Rural Development; Strategic Analyses; Prospective Structural Analyses; Regional Foresight; Community/Rural/Urban Development; O18. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51715 Do Cooperative Banks Really Serve Agricultural Sector in Poland? 31 Zawojska, Aldona; Siudek, Tomasz. The aim of the paper is to assess the potential of cooperative banks for serving agricultural sector in Poland and to identify the areas with the most development potential. We discuss the transformation process in the cooperative banking system under market economy, and in particular investigate importance of cooperative banks for farms' financing on the basis of our survey of banks. Moreover, the role of cooperative banks in transmission of Government policy supporting farm sector in Poland is discussed. We find that despite growing competition from the commercial banking sector, farms and rural households in Poland are still of major importance for the cooperative banks in Poland. Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Cooperative banks; Agricultural sector; Poland; Agricultural Finance; G21; O18; Q14. Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24479 Local Officials as Land Developers: Urban Spatial Expansion in China 31 Lichtenberg, Erik; Ding, Chengri. We investigate conceptually and empirically the role of economic incentives in the primary land allocation in China in recent years. A theoretical analysis demonstrates how recent fiscal and governance reforms give rise to land conversion decisions and long run urban spatial sizes much like those generated by competitive land markets with private land ownership. An econometric investigation of Shanghai and the provinces surrounding it demonstrates the presence of rent gradients, often used as an indication of the presence of land markets. It thus appears that economic forces have continued to exercise dominant influence over primary land allocations in spite of recent administrative restrictions on land conversion. These rent gradients are strongest in the... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Land Economics/Use; R5; R14; H11; O18. Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6834 Convergence and the Effects of Spatial Interaction 31 Niebuhr, Annekatrin. Since the beginning of the 1990s, the issue of income convergence has received considerable attention in economic research. Although a vast number of empirical studies has emerged, evidence on the role of spatial interaction is still rather scarce. The present paper is an attempt to provide additional information on the spatial aspect of convergence. Spatial econometric methods are used to investigate regional convergence in West Germany. The results indicate that spatial interaction is an important element of regional growth. However, considering spatial effects does not alter the general conclusion that regional income growth is characterised by a process of convergence. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Regional convergence; Spatial interaction; Spatial econometrics; Community/Rural/Urban Development; C21; C52; O18; R11. Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26351 Rural Income Generating Activities in Developing Countries: Re-assessing the Evidence 31 Carletto, Gero; Covarrubias, Katia; Davis, Benjamin; Krausova, Marika; Stamoulis, Kostas G.; Winters, Paul C.; Zezza, Alberto. This paper contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of developing country rural labour markets by re-evaluating the available evidence on the levels and composition of income sources adopted by rural households in order to understand the relationship between the various economic activities taking place in rural areas and their implications for economic growth and poverty reduction. This is achieved in two parts: First, the paper introduces the Rural Income Generating Activities (RIGA) database, a newly constructed FAO repository of household survey data, income measures and cross-country comparable indicators. Second, using the RIGA database, the paper undertakes a descriptive analysis of the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors of the rural... Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Rural economy; Non-farm activities; Income inequality; Income diversification; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; O12; O18; R23. Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112596 Non-Farm Diversification Decisions of Rural Households in Macedonia 31 Mollers, Judith; Heidhues, Franz; Buchenrieder, Gertrud. The non-farm sector is crucial to rural households in transition economies since it offers employment, reduces urban migration and can contribute to poverty reduction, economic growth and a more equal income distribution. This study on diversification decisions and rural incomes reviews evidence from a household survey in Macedonia. It looks at non-farm diversification dynamics and analyses income portfolios and driving forces of diversification decisions. The results confirm that non-farm employment and diversified income portfolios are outstanding features of rural households in Macedonia, where unfavourable economic conditions and insufficient farm incomes have driven farm households to open up income sources in the non-farm sector. Further adaptations... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Diversification strategies; Non-farm employment; Rural development; Macedonia; Consumer/Household Economics; D1; O18; Q12. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25402 Registros recuperados: 97 Primeira ... 1 2 3 4 5 ... Última

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