SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Conley, Dennis M.; Wade, Mark A..

Imperfect information can lead to market failure and be an external factor impacting managers of agribusiness firms. A matrix method approach to content analysis was conducted by independent judges based upon established typologies. Food safety articles from consumer publications were examined, and information received by consumers was found to be biased.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Food safety; Information bias; Consumers; Media; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Marketing; Q10; Q13; Q16.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53642

Current Contribution of Four Biotechnologies to New Zealand's Primary Sector

Kaye-Blake, William; Saunders, Caroline M.; Emanuelsson, Martin.

Over the last several decades, changes to production technologies have significantly increased output from the primary sector. The contribution of improved genetics has been variously estimated, and the impacts of genetic engineering have received much attention. The present research estimated the economic impact of four modern biotechnologies (other than genetic engineering) on the primary sector. Information from interviews with key informants was incorporated into a cost-benefit analysis to estimate these impacts. The net contribution was estimated at $266 million per year, with impacts spread unevenly through the sector and across biotechnologies.

Can Dispersed Biomass Processing Protect the Environment and Cover the Bottom Line for Biofuel?

Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cost-benefit analysis; Marker assisted selection; New Zealand; Primary production; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O30; Q16.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25411

Egbendewe-Mondzozo, Aklesso; Swinton, Scott M.; Bals, Bryan D.; Dale, Bruce E..

This paper compares environmental and profitability outcomes for a centralized biorefinery for cellulosic ethanol that does all processing versus a biorefinery linked to a decentralized array of local depots that pretreat biomass into concentrated briquettes. The analysis uses a spatial bioeconomic model that maximizes predicted profit from crop and energy products, subject to the requirement that the biorefinery must be operated at full capacity. The model draws upon biophysical crop input-output coefficients simulated with the EPIC model, as well as input and output prices, spatial transportation costs, ethanol yields from biomass, and biorefinery capital and operational costs. The model was applied to 82 cropping systems simulated across 37...

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: Biomass production; Bioenergy supply; Cellulosic ethanol; Environmental trade-off analysis; Bioeconomic modeling; EPIC; Spatial configuration; Local biomass processing; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q16; Q15; Q57; Q18.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119348

Estimation of Actual and potential adoption rates and determinants of a new technology not universally known in the population: The case of NERICA rice varieties in Guinea

Diagne, Aliou; Sogbossi, Marie-Josee; Simtowe, Franklin; Diawara, Sekou; Diallo, Abdoulaye Sadio; Barry, Alpha Bacar.

The NERICA (New Rice for Africa) rice varieties, developed by the Africa Rice Center during the 1990s, are providing hopes for raising the productivity of upland rice farmers in Africa because of their reported high yield potential and adaptability to the African conditions. The varieties are new and not widely disseminated in farming communities and there is lot of interest in the donor community in knowing their potential for widespread adoption across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, when a technology is new and the target population is not universally exposed it, the observed sample adoption rate and classical models of adoption widely used in adoption studies does not inform reliably on its potential adoption and constraint to it in the full...

Have Biotech Seeds Increased Maize Yields?

Palavras-chave: NERICA varieties; Technology Diffusion and adoption; Average Treatment Effect; Guinea; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C13; O33; Q12; Q16.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51644

Xu, Zheng; Hennessy, David A.; Moschini, GianCarlo.

Corn yield is determined by soils, weather, seed used and other technology choices. Global population and per capita income growth trends as well as demand from the energy sector have placed great stress on cropland use. Global cropland acres and/or yield per acre will need to increase. Whether new seed technologies have enhanced corn yield is a controversial issue. We study U.S. county corn yields 1964-2008, controlling for location effects, fertilization technologies and weather. We find evidence that trend yield growth has been fastest in the Central Corn Belt, genetic modification technologies have increased trend yield, and this increase has been largest in the Central Corn Belt.

The Niger Food Crisis: Causes and Implications for Research and Development from an Integrated Agricultural Economics Perspective

Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Corn Yield; Trend; Regional Effects; Weather; Fertilization.; Crop Production/Industries; Industrial Organization; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; L65; Q16.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61303

Abele, Steffen; Twine, Edgar.

During the 2004 food crisis in Niger, the weakness of the main production system, millet, to produce enough food to sustain short term crises, has been revealed. Questions arise how the Nigerian smallholder systems can be assisted by research and development policies to intensify production and improve food security. The paper assesses technical options according to their economic sustainability. A sequence of models is applied: On plot level, production functions of inter cropping systems were estimated to determine yields and their variability of the major crops. These data were fed in a nonlinear program to test the inn ovations, first at stable prices, then at declining prices that were obtained from an interregional trade model. The latter was shocked...

THEME OVERVIEW: INNOVATIONS TO SUPPORT BEGINNING FARMERS AND RANCHERS

Palavras-chave: Food security; Niger; Small scale farming; Risk management; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O13; Q01; Q12; Q16.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25557

Thilmany, Dawn D.; Sureshwaran, Suresh.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Beginning Farmers; Extension Models; Farmer Demographics; Farm Management; Q12; Q16.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109474

2008 Michigan Dairy Industry Survey

Do Leader and Organizational Characteristics Affect Scientist's Productivity? A Multilevel Analysis of Nigerian Agricultural Research System

Bitsch, Vera.

The Michigan State University (MSU) Dairy Team conducted an industry survey with the objectives of identifying and rating industry priorities. After holding discussion groups across the state, two questionnaires were developed and sent to 2,237 dairy farm owners and operators and 480 allied industry professionals in the state; 23.4% of the dairy farmers and 28.1% of the allied industry professionals returned questionnaires with useable data. This report summarizes respondents’ ratings of industry issues, as well as education and knowledge needs. In addition, educational preferences, management practices, Internet use and access, demographic information, and farm characteristics are outlined.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Dairy farmers; Dairy industry; Extension evaluation; Information sources; Internet use; Survey questionnaire; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; M0; Q12; Q13; Q14; Q16; Q18.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51842

Ragasa, Catherine; Babu, Suresh Chandra; Abdullahi, Aliyu Sabi.

Organizations offer employees with opportunities to cultivate their innovativeness and facilitate greater productivity. In this paper we analyze preconditions for individual productivity of agricultural researchers in Nigeria, measured in terms of the self-reported number of scholarly publications and technologies produced; presence of external collaborators; number of dissemination events for publications produced; and perceived adoption level of technologies developed. It utilizes a multilevel analysis to systematically examine what characteristics of individual scientists and organizations promote greater individual productivity. The statistically significant random-effect estimates show that there is considerable variance across the 47 organizations...

The Economic Impacts of Biotechnology-Based Technological Innovations

Palavras-chave: Organizational culture; Multilevel analysis; Poisson; Productivity; Research; Motivation; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q16; L32; D23.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103723

Traxler, Greg.

Global adoption of transgenic crops reached 67.7 million hectares in 2003 from 2.8 million in 1996. Delivery has occurred almost entirely through the private sector and adoption has been rapid in areas where the crops addressed serious production constraints and where farmers had access to the new technologies. Three countries (USA, Argentina and Canada), three crops (soybean, cotton and maize) and two traits (insect resistance and herbicide tolerance) account for the vast majority of global transgenic area. While some farmers in some developing countries are benefiting, most do not have access to transgenic crops and traits that address their needs. This paper surveys the level and distribution of the economic impacts of transgenic cotton and soybeans to...

Yield Gap Analysis of Jowar in Maharashtra

Palavras-chave: Agricultural Biotechnology; Economic Development; Technological Change; Cotton; Soybean; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O13; Q12; Q16.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23806

Impact On Small Farmers and Fishermen Through Use Of Mobiles in India

Gavali, A.V.; Deokate, T.B.; Choudhari, R.B.; Kamble, B.H..

Jowar is the main cereal crop in Maharashtra occupying 4.176 M ha area out of which rabi jowar occupied maximum area of 3.112 M ha during the year 2009-10. The gradual growth in use of technology in agriculture has resulted in increased crop productivity. The actual yields obtained are considerably lower than those recorded in the demonstration plots and research stations/farms. Therefore, there is a need to know the different yield gaps between the farmers’ fields and the demonstration plots. The study has suggested that to bridge this gap the use of recommended levels of input is most essential. The farmers should be motivated through visits to progressive farmers and organizations of field demonstrations, seminars and other communication means to use...

Tipo: Article

Palavras-chave: Yield gap; Maharashtra; Jowar; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; Q16.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119412

Mittal, Surabhi; Gandhi, Sanjay; Tripathi, Gaurav.

Telecommunication and more specially mobile phones have the potential to provide solution to the existing information asymmetry in various lagging sectors like Agriculture. India’s agricultural sector suffers from low growth rates and low productivity. Issues in access to information is a week point at every stage of the agrisupply chain. For small farmers base economy like India, access to information can possible enable better incomes and productivity to the farmers. This paper through focus group discussions and in-depth interview with farmers in villages of India, has tried to find answers to the use and impact of mobile and mobile enabled services on agricultural productivity. The answers to these questions are of relevance to develop better policy...

Smallholders' Cost Efficiency in Mozambique: Implications for Improved Maize Seed Adoption

Palavras-chave: Mobile and Agriculture; India; Productivity; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Marketing; Production Economics; Q13; Q16; Q18.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52809

Zavale, Helder; Mabaya, Edward T.; Christy, Ralph D..

Maize is an important staple in Mozambique. It is also a dominant crop produced by smallholder farmers. However, the actual maize yields, currently estimated at 1.4 tons/ha, fall short of potential yields of 5-6.5 tons/ha. With population growth rate increasingly exceeding agricultural (and maize) productivity growth rate, the government of Mozambique faces a serious problem of food insecurity and poverty alleviation. This study examines cost inefficiency among smallholder maize farmers in Mozambique, and the impact of improved maize seed adoption on cost efficiency. A Translog functional form is used to estimate the frontier cost function. A cost-inefficiency function is used to examine the factors that determine cost inefficiency among farmers....

Wealth, Living Standards and Perceptions in a Cotton Economy: Evidence from the Cotton Reform in Burkina Faso

Palavras-chave: Stochastic frontier; Technology adoption; Selection bias; Mozambique; Crop Production/Industries; Q12; Q16; D13; O33.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25648

Kaminski, Jonathan.

The cotton economy of Burkina Faso has been characterized by a changing rural environment for farmers since late nineties, which has come with the cotton reform and the resulting cotton boost. There have been slight improvements in living standards and rural households’ income while the subjective feeling of wealth has significantly increased. In this paper, I explore the channels through which the elements of the changing rural environment can bridge the wedge between subjective and objective measures of wealth. In addition to the basic determinants of subjective welfare that can be found in the happiness economics literature, namely absolute and relative income measures, health and social status (and expectations of future incomes), I investigate the...

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH IN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND TRANSITION COUNTRIES

Palavras-chave: Subjective wealth; Burkina Faso's cotton; Rural development; Agricultural policy; Perceptions; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; I32; O13; Q16; Q18.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45780

Rungsuriyawiboon, Supawat; Lissitsa, Alexej.

Malmquist total factor productivity (TFP) index has been extensively applied in the literature to measure productivity growth decomposition. This study applies a parametric decomposition of a Generalized Malmquist TFP index to measure and compare the levels and trends in agricultural productivity in European countries, making use of the most-recent data available from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of United Nations. The aim of this study is to measure TFP developments in agriculture of transition countries after breakdown of socialism and to compare their TFP growth with other European countries. The Generalized Malmquist productivity index can be decomposed into technological change, technical efficiency change and scale efficiency change....

An impact evaluation of technology adoption by smallholders in Sichuan, China: the case of sweet potato-pig systems

Palavras-chave: Transition countries; Malmquist; Multifactor Productivity; Agriculture; Productivity Analysis; Q16; Q18; P27.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14903

Lapar, Ma. Lucila A.; Ngoc Toan, Nguyen; Zou, Chengyi; Liu, Jinyuan; Li, Xianglin; Randolph, Thomas F..

We employ propensity score matching (PSM) framework to examine the impact of sweet potato-based feed technology adoption on household-based pig production in Sichuan, China. An ex post survey in six villages was conducted in 2009, of which five villages were in project intervention sites (exposed area) and one village in the same township but not exposed to project intervention (non-exposed area). We randomly selected 111 households in the exposed areas from the list of households previously interviewed in a baseline survey and 53 households from non-exposed area. Matching estimators such as nearest neighbor matching (NNM), radius matching (RM) and kernel matching (KM) were used to estimate average treatment effects. Results indicate positive net benefit...

Factors Influencing Cotton Farmers’ Perceptions about the Importance of Information Sources in Precision Farming Decisions

Palavras-chave: Technology adoption; Impact assessment; Crop-livestock systems; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; O22; O33; Q16.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100577

Velandia, Margarita M.; Lambert, Dayton M.; Mendieta, Maria P.; Roberts, Roland K.; Larson, James A.; English, Burton C.; Rejesus, Roderick M.; Mishra, Ashok K..

Information generated by precision farming technologies is of particular importance to producers. Precision farming technologies implies the ability to improve the management of production factors using site-specific information. This study examines factors influencing cotton farmers’ perceptions about the importance of crop consultants, farm input dealerships, Extension, other farmers, trade shows, the Internet and printed news/media for making precision farming decisions using a rank ordered logit model (ROLM). Results suggest that age, land tenure, income, percentage of income from farming, and location may affect farmers’ perceptions about the importance of different information sources when making decisions about precision farming technologies....

A Dynamic Decision Model of Technology Adoption under Uncertainty: Case of Herbicide-Resistant Rice

Palavras-chave: Information-source preferences; Rank Ordered Logit Model; Precision Farming; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q16; C25.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103752

Annou, Mamane Malam; Wailes, Eric J.; Thomsen, Michael R..

Herbicide-resistant (HR) rice technology is a potential tool for control of red rice in commercial rice production. Using an ex ante mathematical programming framework, this research presents an empirical analysis of HR rice technology adoption under uncertainty. The analysis accounts for stochastic germination of red rice and sheath blight to model a profit maximization problem of crop rotation among HR rice, regular rice, and soybeans. The results demonstrate that risk attitudes and technology efficiency determine adoption rates and optimal rotation patterns.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Herbicide resistance; Mathematical programming; Profit maximization; Rice; Risk; Rotation; Technology; Adoption; Crop Production/Industries; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q16; Q18; O33; C61.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43724

How Large Are the Welfare Gains from Technological Innovation Induced by Environmental Policies?

Parry, Ian W.H.; Pizer, William A.; Fischer, Carolyn.

This paper examines whether the welfare gains from technological innovation that reduces future abatement costs are larger or smaller than the "Pigouvian" welfare gains from optimal pollution control. The relative welfare gains from innovation depend on three key factors - the initially optimal level of abatement, the speed at which innovation reduces future abatement costs, and the discount rate. We calculate the welfare gains from innovation under a variety of different scenarios. Mostly they are less than the Pigouvian welfare gains. To be greater, innovation must reduce abatement costs substantially and quickly and the initially optimal abatement level must be fairly modest.

Assessing the Impact of the Bean/Cowpea Collaborative Research Support Program (B/C CRSP) Graduate Degree Training

Palavras-chave: Innovation; Welfare; Regulation; Endogenous; Technological; Change; R&D; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q16; Q28; O32; O33.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10621

Jamora, Nelissa; Bernsten, Richard H.; Maredia, Mywish K..

The study evaluated the impacts of the graduate degree training (GDT) component of the B/C CRSP. In their enhanced capacity, trainees have been playing important roles in strengthening teaching and research capacity in bean and cowpea sectors, both in the U.S. and in host countries. The study recommends the continued commitment and increased financial support to GDT.